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Semin Liver Dis
DOI: 10.1055/a-2494-2233
Review Article

Extracellular vesicles and micro-RNAs in liver disease.

Alexander M. Washington
1   Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN6915)
2   Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN6915)
,
Enis Kostallari
1   Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN6915)
3   Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States (Ringgold ID: RIN6915)
› Author AffiliationsSupported by: Mayo Clinic Center for Biomedical Discoveries
Supported by: Gilead Research Scholars
Supported by: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases R01 DK136511
› Further Information
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Progression of liver disease is dependent on intercellular signaling, including those mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). Within these EVs, microRNAs (miRNAs) are packaged to selectively silence gene expression in recipient cells for upregulating or downregulating a specific pathway. Injured hepatocytes secrete EV-associated miRNAs which can be taken up by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), immune cells, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and other cell types. In addition, these recipient cells will secrete their own EV-associated miRNAs to propagate a response throughout the tissue and the circulation. In this review, we comment on the implications of EV-miRNAs in the progression of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), viral and parasitic infections, liver fibrosis, and liver malignancies. We summarize how circulating miRNAs can be used as biomarkers and the potential of utilizing EVs and miRNAs as therapeutic methods to treat liver disease.



Publication History

Received: 01 October 2024

Accepted after revision: 01 December 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
03 December 2024

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