References and Notes
1 New Address: T. J. Snape, School of
Pharmacy, Maudland Building, University of Central Lancashire, Preston,
PR1 2HE, UK.
2
Millard A.
Rathke M.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1977,
99:
4833
3
Bella M.
Kobbelgaard S.
Jørgensen K.
J.
Am. Chem. Soc.
2005,
127:
3670
4
Horton D.
Bourne G.
Smythe M.
Chem.
Rev.
2003,
103:
893
5
Mitchell L.
Barvian N.
Tetrahedron Lett.
2004,
45:
5669
6
Erickson W.
McKennon M.
Tetrahedron Lett.
2000,
41:
4541
7
Snape T.
Chem.
Soc. Rev.
2008, in press; DOI:10.1039/B808960D
8
Representative
Example - Synthesis of 5
2′-Hydroxyacetophenone
(0.5 g, 3.67 mmol), and 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene (0.39 mL, 3.67 mmol)
were dissolved in DMSO (37 mL). Potassium carbonate (1.27 g, 9.18
mmol) was added and the reaction stirred at r.t. for 17 h. Upon consumption
of the starting material (TLC) H2O (30 mL) was added
and the mixture acidified with 1 M HCl (to pH ca. 3). The product
was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 30 mL)
and the combined organic layers were washed with H2O
(2 × 30 mL) and brine (30 mL), dried
(MgSO4), and the solvent removed in vacuo. The crude
product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (3% EtOAc
in toluene) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (614 mg,
65%). R
f
= 0.18
(10% EtOAc in PE); mp 111-113 ˚C
(EtOAc-toluene). IR: νmax = 3070
(br OH), 1644 (C=O) cm-¹. ¹H
NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 11.84 (1
H, s, OH), 8.18 (1 H, dd, J = 1.6, 10.8
Hz, Ar), 7.91 (1 H, dd, J = 2.2,
10.6 Hz, Ar), 7.64 (1 H, td, J = 1.6,
10.0 Hz, Ar), 7.52 (2 H, td, J = 2.0,
10.0 Hz, Ar), 7.32 (1 H, dd, J = 1.6,
10.0 Hz, Ar), 7.02-6.94 (2 H, m, Ar), 4.79 (2 H, s, CH2). ¹³C
NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 201.2, 162.5,
148.9, 140.4 (C), 136.7, 133.7, 133.6, 129.7, 128.7, 125.3, 119.1
(CH), 119.0 (C), 118.7 (CH), 43.7 CH2). MS (ES+): m/z (%) = 258
(50) [M + H]+. HRMS: m/z calcd for C14H12NO4 [M+H+]:
258.0766; found: 258.0786.
9
Bordwell F.
Cornforth F.
J. Org. Chem.
1978,
43:
1763
10
Synthesis of 18
1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanone
(5, 105 mg, 0.41 mmol) was dissolved in
MeOH (4.1 mL). Then,
Pd/C (10 mg, 10 wt%)
was added, and the flask evacuated and backfilled with hydrogen
(3 cycles). The reaction was then stirred under an atmosphere of
hydrogen for 18 h. The reaction was filtered through Celite and
eluted with MeOH (10 mL) and the solvent removed in vacuo. The crude product
was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% EtOAc
in PE) to give the title compound as a pale yellow solid (62 mg,
72%). R
f
= 0.39
(30% EtOAc in PE); mp 170-172 ˚C
(EtOAc-PE). IR: nmax 3500 (OH), 3425 (NH) cm-¹. ¹H
NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): d = 9.22 (1 H, br s),
7.70 (1 H, dd, J = 1.6,
7.8 Hz, Ar), 7.66 (1 H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
Ar), 7.42 (1 H, d, J = 8.1
Hz, Ar), 7.26-7.11 (3 H, m, Ar), 7.04 (1 H, td, J = 1.1, 7.6
Hz, Ar), 6.91 (1 H, dd, J = 0.9, 8.1
Hz, Ar), 6.87 (1 H, m, Ar), 6.00-5.00 (1 H, br s).
¹³C
NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 152.0, 136.4,
134.8 (C), 128.9 (CH), 128.4 (C), 128.3, 122.2, 121.5, 120.4, 120.1 (CH),
119.1 (C), 116.6, 111.0, 100.2 (CH). MS (ES+): m/z (%) = 210 [M + H]+.
HRMS: m/z calcd for C14H12NO [M + H+]:
210.0919; found: 210.0920.