Brain Imaging in Intensive Care Medicine

Robert D. Stevens; Aliaksei Pustavoitau; Julio A. Chalela

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1105977

Seminars in Neurology, Table of Contents

Semin Neurol 2008; 28(5): 631-644
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1105977

Brain Imaging in Intensive Care Medicine

Robert D. Stevens¹ ^, ² ^, ³ , Aliaksei Pustavoitau¹ , Julio A. Chalela⁴

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
²Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
³Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
⁴Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The management of severe brain injury requires a comprehensive approach in which imaging is an indispensable complement to the clinical and physiological information acquired at the bedside. Neuroimaging methods are routinely used in the diagnosis and prognosis of a broad spectrum of patients with acute neurological dysfunction. With incremental theoretical and technological refinements, imaging modalities are helping to unravel fundamental questions regarding the pathophysiology and neuroplasticity associated with critical neurological injury, and it is anticipated that this knowledge will lead to new and effective therapeutic interventions. We review some of the established and emerging structural and physiological imaging methods, and discuss their applications in patients with critical injuries including trauma and encephalopathy due to anoxia, liver failure, and sepsis.

KEYWORDS

Traumatic brain injury - encephalopathy - magnetic resonance imaging - diffusion tensor imaging - susceptibility-weighted imaging - magnetic resonance spectroscopy - positron emission tomography - single photon emission tomography - cerebral blood flow - cerebral ischemia

Full Text

References

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Robert D StevensM.D.

Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital

600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 8-140, Baltimore, MD 21287

Email: rstevens@jhmi.edu