Download PDF
Z Gastroenterol 2009; 47(1): 68-102
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109062
Leitlinie

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

S3-Leitlinie „Helicobacter pylori und gastroduodenale Ulkuskrankheit” der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS)

in Zusammenarbeit mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie, Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Gastroenterologie und Ernährung e. V. und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie – AWMF-Register-Nr. 021 / 001S3-Guideline “Helicobacter Pylori and Gastroduodenal Ulcer Disease”W. Fischbach1 , P. Malfertheiner2 , J. C. Hoffmann3 , W. Bolten4 , J. Bornschein2 , O. Götze5 , W. Höhne6 , M. Kist7 , S. Koletzko8 , J. Labenz9 , P. Layer10 , St Miehlke11 , A. Morgner11 , U. Peitz12 , J. C. Preiß6 , C. Prinz13 , U. Rosien10 , W. E. Schmidt5 , A. Schwarzer8 , S. Suerbaum14 , A. Timmer15 , G. Treiber16 , M. Vieth17
  • 1Medizinische Klinik II, Klinikum Aschaffenburg
  • 2Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg
  • 3Medizinische Klinik I, St. Marienkrankenhaus Ludwigshafen
  • 4Klaus Miehlke-Klinik, Rheumatologie, Wiesbaden
  • 5Medizinische Klinik I, Univ.-Klinik St.-Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
  • 6Medizinische Klinik I, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin
  • 7Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Freiburg
  • 8Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, München
  • 9Medizinische Klinik, Evang. Jung-Stilling-Krankenhaus, Siegen
  • 10Medizinische Klinik, Israelitisches Krankenhaus, Hamburg
  • 11Medizinische Klinik und Polklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Dresden
  • 12Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Raphaelsklinik, Münster
  • 13II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München
  • 14Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, MHH Hannover
  • 15Deutsches Cochrane-Zentrum, Freiburg im Breisgau
  • 16Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
  • 17Pathologisches Institut, Klinikum Bayreuth
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
20 January 2009 (online)

Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Die Leitlinie akualisiert eine frühere Konsensusempfehlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) aus dem Jahr 1996. Sie wurde interdisziplinär in Zusammenarbeit mit Vertretern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie, der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Gastroenterologie und Ernährung e. V. und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie erstellt. Die Leitlinie basiert auf den Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) für eine systematische evidenzbasierte Konsensus-Leitlinie der Entwicklungsstufe S 3 und hat auch die Bewertungskriterien der GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) implemetiert. Die Anwendbarkeit der Studienergebnisse und spezifische Gegebenheiten in Deutschland im Hinblick auf Epidemiologie, Resistenzlage, Diagnostik und Therapie wurden berücksichtigt.

Abstract

This guideline updates a prior concensus recommendation of the German Society for Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) from 1996. It was developed by an interdisciplinary cooperation with representatives of the German Society for Microbiology, the Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (GPGE) and the German Society for Rheumatology. The guideline is methodologically based on recommendations of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) for providing a systematic evidence-based consensus guideline of S 3 level and has also implemented grading criteria according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Clinical applicability of study results as well as specifics for Germany in terms of epidemiology, antibiotic resistance status, diagnostics and therapy were taken into account.

Schlüsselwörter

Helicobacter pylori - gastroduodenale Ulzera - Ulkuskrankheit

Key words

Helicobacter pylori - gastroduodenal ulcer - ulcer disease

Literatur

  • 1 Preiß J C, Timmer A, Zeitz M. et al . Neue Konzepte der Leitlinienmethodik.  Z Gastroenterol. 2007;  45 1075-1081
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Graham D Y, Adam E, Reddy G T. et al . Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in India. Comparison of developing and developed countries.  Dig Dis Sci. 1991;  36 (8) 1084-1088
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Megraud F, Brassens-Rabbe M P, Denis F. et al . Seroepidemiology of Campylobacter pylori infection in various populations.  J Clin Microbiol. 1989;  27 (8) 1870-1873
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Redlinger T, O’Rourke K, Goodman K J. Age distribution of Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence among young children in a United States/Mexico border community: evidence for transitory infection.  Am J Epidemiol. 1999;  150 (3) 225-230
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Taylor D N, Blaser M J. The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Epidemiol Rev. 1991;  13 42-59
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Malaty H M, Graham D Y. Importance of childhood socioeconomic status on the current prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Gut. 1994;  35 (6) 742-745
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Graham D Y, Malaty H M, Evans D G. et al . Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in an asymptomatic population in the United States. Effect of age, race, and socioeconomic status.  Gastroenterology. 1991;  100 (6) 1495-1501
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Malaty H M, Evans D G, Evans D J. et al . Helicobacter pylori in Hispanics: comparison with blacks and whites of similar age and socioeconomic class.  Gastroenterology. 1992;  103 (3) 813-816
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Malaty H M, Engstrand Jr L, Pedersen N L. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection: genetic and environmental influences. A study of twins.  Ann Intern Med. 1994;  120 (12) 982-986
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Perez-Perez G I, Olivares A Z, Foo F Y. et al . Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in New York City populations originating in East Asia.  J Urban Health. 2005;  82 (3) 510-516
    Google Scholar
  • 11 Malaty H M, Kim J G, Kim S D. et al . Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Korean children: inverse relation to socioeconomic status despite a uniformly high prevalence in adults.  Am J Epidemiol. 1996;  143 (3) 257-262
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Banatvala N, Mayo K, Megraud F. et al . The cohort effect and Helicobacter pylori.  J Infect Dis. 1993;  168 (1) 219-221
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Roosendaal R, Kuipers E J, Buitenwerf J. et al . Helicobacter pylori and the birth cohort effect: evidence of a continuous decrease of infection rates in childhood.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1997;  92 (9) 1480-1482
    Google Scholar
  • 14 al-Moagel M A, Evans D G, Abdulghani M E. et al . Prevalence of Helicobacter (formerly Campylobacter) pylori infection in Saudia Arabia, and comparison of those with and without upper gastrointestinal symptoms.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1990;  85 (8) 944-948
    Google Scholar
  • 15 Grimm W, Fischbach W. Helicobacter pylori infection in children and juveniles: an epidemiological study on prevalence, socio-economic factors and symptoms.  Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2003;  128 (37) 1878-1883
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Rothenbacher D, Bode G, Berg G. et al . Prevalence and determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection in preschool children: a population-based study from Germany.  Int J Epidemiol. 1998;  27 (1) 135-141
    Google Scholar
  • 17 Brenner H, Weyermann M, Rothenbacher D. Clustering of Helicobacter pylori infection in couples: differences between high- and low-prevalence population groups.  Ann Epidemiol. 2006;  16 (7) 516-520
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Kumagai T, Malaty H M, Graham D Y. et al . Acquisition versus loss of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan: results from an 8-year birth cohort study.  J Infect Dis. 1998;  178 (3) 717-721
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Tkachenko M A, Zhannat N Z, Erman L V. et al . Dramatic Changes in the Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection During Childhood: A 10-year Follow-up Study in Russia.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;  45 (4) 428-432
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Parsonnet J. The incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1995;  9 (Suppl 2) 45-51
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Parsonnet J, Shmuely H, Haggerty T. Fecal and oral shedding of Helicobacter pylori from healthy infected adults.  Jama. 1999;  282 (23) 2240-2245
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Leung W K, Siu K L, Kwok C K. et al . Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from vomitus in children and its implication in gastro-oral transmission.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 (10) 2881-2884
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Laporte R, Pernes P, Pronnier P. et al . Acquisition of Helicobacter pylori infection after outbreaks of gastroenteritis: prospective cohort survey in institutionalised young people.  Bmj. 2004;  329 (7459) 204-205
    Google Scholar
  • 24 Handt L K, Fox J G, Dewhirst F E. et al . Helicobacter pylori isolated from the domestic cat: public health implications.  Infect Immun. 1994;  62 (6) 2367-2374
    Google Scholar
  • 25 Dore M P, Sepulveda A R, Osato M S. et al . Helicobacter pylori in sheep milk.  Lancet. 1999;  354 (9173) 132
    Google Scholar
  • 26 Dore M P, Sepulveda A R, El-Zimaity H. et al . Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from sheep-implications for transmission to humans.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;  96 (5) 1396-1401
    Google Scholar
  • 27 Rocha G A, Rocha A M, Silva L D. et al . Transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in families of preschool-aged children from Minas Gerais, Brazil.  Trop Med Int Health. 2003;  8 (11) 987-991
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Rothenbacher D, Winkler M, Gonser T. et al . Role of infected parents in transmission of helicobacter pylori to their children.  Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;  21 (7) 674-679
    Google Scholar
  • 29 Kivi M, Johansson A L, Reilly M. et al . Helicobacter pylori status in family members as risk factors for infection in children.  Epidemiol Infect. 2005;  133 (4) 645-652
    Google Scholar
  • 30 Tindberg Y, Bengtsson C, Granath F. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection in Swedish school children: lack of evidence of child-to-child transmission outside the family.  Gastroenterology. 2001;  121 (2) 310-316
    Google Scholar
  • 31 Han S R, Zschausch H C, Meyer H G. et al . Helicobacter pylori: clonal population structure and restricted transmission within families revealed by molecular typing.  J Clin Microbiol. 2000;  38 (10) 3646-3651
    Google Scholar
  • 32 Kivi M, Tindberg Y, Sorberg M. et al . Concordance of Helicobacter pylori strains within families.  J Clin Microbiol. 2003;  41 (12) 5604-5608
    Google Scholar
  • 33 Mendall M A, Goggin P M, Molineaux N. et al . Childhood living conditions and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in adult life.  Lancet. 1992;  339 (8798) 896-897
    Google Scholar
  • 34 Goodman K J, Correa P. Transmission of Helicobacter pylori among siblings.  Lancet. 2000;  355 (9201) 358-362
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Rowland M, Daly L, Vaughan M. et al . Age-specific incidence of Helicobacter pylori.  Gastroenterology. 2006;  130 (1) 65-72; quiz 211
    Google Scholar
  • 36 Goodman K J, Correa P, Tengana Aux H J. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection in the Colombian Andes: a population-based study of transmission pathways.  Am J Epidemiol. 1996;  144 (3) 290-299
    Google Scholar
  • 37 Glynn M K, Friedman C R, Gold B D. et al . Seroincidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of rural Bolivian children: acquisition and analysis of possible risk factors.  Clin Infect Dis. 2002;  35 (9) 1059-1065
    Google Scholar
  • 38 Aguemon B D, Struelens M J, Massougbodji A. et al . Prevalence and risk-factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in urban and rural Beninese populations.  Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005;  11 (8) 611-617
    Google Scholar
  • 39 Klein P D, Graham D Y, Gaillour A. et al . Water source as risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection in Peruvian children. Gastrointestinal Physiology Working Group.  Lancet. 1991;  337 (8756) 1503-1506
    Google Scholar
  • 40 Hulten K, Han S W, Enroth H. et al . Helicobacter pylori in the drinking water in Peru.  Gastroenterology. 1996;  110 (4) 1031-1035
    Google Scholar
  • 41 Lu Y, Redlinger T E, Avitia R. et al . Isolation and genotyping of Helicobacter pylori from untreated municipal wastewater.  Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;  68 (3) 1436-1439
    Google Scholar
  • 42 Tomb J F, White O, Kerlavage A R. et al . The complete genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori.  Nature. 1997;  388 (6642) 539-547
    Google Scholar
  • 43 Wheeldon T U, Hoang T T, Phung D C. et al . Long-term follow-up of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Vietnam: reinfection and clinical outcome.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;  21 (8) 1047-1053
    Google Scholar
  • 44 Feydt-Schmidt A, Kindermann A, Konstantopoulos N. et al . Reinfection rate in children after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;  14 (10) 1119-1123
    Google Scholar
  • 45 Svennerholm A M, Lundgren A. Progress in vaccine development against Helicobacter pylori.  FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007;  50 (2) 146-156
    Google Scholar
  • 46 Wilson K T, Crabtree J E. Immunology of Helicobacter pylori: insights into the failure of the immune response and perspectives on vaccine studies.  Gastroenterology. 2007;  133 (1) 288-308
    Google Scholar
  • 47 Kivi M, Tindberg Y. Helicobacter pylori occurrence and transmission: a family affair?.  Scand J Infect Dis. 2006;  38 (6 – 7) 407-417
    Google Scholar
  • 48 Kuepper-Nybelen J, Thefeld W, Rothenbacher D. et al . Patterns of alcohol consumption and Helicobacter pylori infection: results of a population-based study from Germany among 6545 adults.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;  21 (1) 57-64
    Google Scholar
  • 49 Metzger W G, Mansouri E, Kronawitter M. et al . Impact of vector-priming on the immunogenicity of a live recombinant Salmonella enterica serovar typhi Ty21a vaccine expressing urease A and B from Helicobacter pylori in human volunteers.  Vaccine. 2004;  22 (17 – 18) 2273-2277
    Google Scholar
  • 50 Graham D Y, Opekun A R, Osato M S. et al . Challenge model for Helicobacter pylori infection in human volunteers.  Gut. 2004;  53 (9) 1235-1243
    Google Scholar
  • 51 Losonsky G A, Kotloff K L, Walker R I. B cell responses in gastric antrum and duodenum following oral inactivated Helicobacter pylori whole cell (HWC) vaccine and LT(R192G) in H pylori seronegative individuals.  Vaccine. 2003;  21 (5 – 6) 562-565
    Google Scholar
  • 52 Banerjee S, Medina-Fatimi A, Nichols R. et al . Safety and efficacy of low dose Escherichia coli enterotoxin adjuvant for urease based oral immunisation against Helicobacter pylori in healthy volunteers.  Gut. 2002;  51 (5) 634-640
    Google Scholar
  • 53 Rupnow M F, Shachter R D, Owens D K. et al . Quantifying the population impact of a prophylactic Helicobacter pylori vaccine.  Vaccine. 2001;  20 (5 – 6) 879-885
    Google Scholar
  • 54 Kotloff K L, Sztein M B, Wasserman S S. et al . Safety and immunogenicity of oral inactivated whole-cell Helicobacter pylori vaccine with adjuvant among volunteers with or without subclinical infection.  Infect Immun. 2001;  69 (6) 3581-3590
    Google Scholar
  • 55 Bumann D, Metzger W G, Mansouri E. et al . Safety and immunogenicity of live recombinant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Ty21a expressing urease A and B from Helicobacter pylori in human volunteers.  Vaccine. 2001;  20 (5 – 6) 845-852
    Google Scholar
  • 56 Angelakopoulos H, Hohmann E L. Pilot study of phoP/phoQ-deleted Salmonella terica serovar typhimurium expressing Helicobacter pylori urease in adult volunteers.  Infect Immun. 2000;  68 (4) 2135-2141
    Google Scholar
  • 57 Rupnow M F, Owens D K, Shachter R. et al . Helicobacter pylori vaccine development and use: a cost-effectiveness analysis using the Institute of Medicine Methodology.  Helicobacter. 1999;  4 (4) 272-280
    Google Scholar
  • 58 Michetti P, Kreiss C, Kotloff K L. et al . Oral immunization with urease and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin is safe and immunogenic in Helicobacter pylori-infected adults.  Gastroenterology. 1999;  116 (4) 804-812
    Google Scholar
  • 59 DiPetrillo M D, Tibbetts T, Kleanthous H. et al . Safety and immunogenicity of phoP/phoQ-deleted Salmonella typhi expressing Helicobacter pylori urease in adult volunteers.  Vaccine. 1999;  18 (5 – 6) 449-459
    Google Scholar
  • 60 Forman D, Newell D G, Fullerton F. et al . Association between infection with Helicobacter pylori and risk of gastric cancer: evidence from a prospective investigation.  Bmj. 1991;  302 (6788) 1302-1305
    Google Scholar
  • 61 Forman D, Sitas F, Newell D G. et al . Geographic association of Helicobacter pylori antibody prevalence and gastric cancer mortality in rural China.  Int J Cancer. 1990;  46 (4) 608-611
    Google Scholar
  • 62 Stolte M, Eidt S. Lymphoid follicles in antral mucosa: immune response to Campylobacter pylori?.  J Clin Pathol. 1989;  42 (12) 1269-1271
    Google Scholar
  • 63 NIH Consensus Conference . Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer disease. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcer Disease.  Jama. 1994;  272 (1) 65-69
    Google Scholar
  • 64 Peura D A, Graham D Y. Helicobacter pylori: consensus reached: peptic ulcer is on the way to becoming an historic disease.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1994;  89 (8) 1137-1139
    Google Scholar
  • 65 Nomura A, Stemmermann G N, Chyou P H. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk for duodenal and gastric ulceration.  Ann Intern Med. 1994;  120 (12) 977-981
    Google Scholar
  • 66 Huang J Q, Sridhar S, Chen Y. et al . Meta-analysis of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and gastric cancer.  Gastroenterology. 1998;  114 (6) 1169-1179
    Google Scholar
  • 67 Danesh J. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer: systematic review of the epidemiological studies.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;  13 (7) 851-856
    Google Scholar
  • 68 Eslick G D, Lim L L, Byles J E. et al . Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric carcinoma: a meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 (9) 2373-2379
    Google Scholar
  • 69 Xue F B, Xu Y Y, Wan Y. et al . Association of H. pylori infection with gastric carcinoma: a Meta analysis.  World J Gastroenterol. 2001;  7 (6) 801-804
    Google Scholar
  • 70 Huang J Q, Zheng G F, Sumanac K. et al . Meta-analysis of the relationship between cagA seropositivity and gastric cancer.  Gastroenterology. 2003;  125 (6) 1636-1644
    Google Scholar
  • 71 Helicobacter and Cancer Collaborative Group . Gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori: a combined analysis of 12 case control studies nested within prospective cohorts.  Gut. 2001;  49 (3) 347-353
    Google Scholar
  • 72 Brenner H, Arndt V, Stegmaier C. et al . Is Helicobacter pylori infection a necessary condition for noncardia gastric cancer?.  Am J Epidemiol. 2004;  159 (3) 252-258
    Google Scholar
  • 73 Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma.  N Engl J Med. 1994;  330 (18) 1267-1271
    Google Scholar
  • 74 Lehours P, Dupouy S, Bergey B. et al . Identification of a genetic marker of Helicobacter pylori strains involved in gastric extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma of the MALT-type.  Gut. 2004;  53 (7) 931-937
    Google Scholar
  • 75 Solnick J V, Schauer D B. Emergence of diverse Helicobacter species in the pathogenesis of gastric and enterohepatic diseases.  Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001;  14 (1) 59-97
    Google Scholar
  • 76 Morgner A, Lehn N, Andersen L P. et al . Helicobacter heilmannii-associated primary gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma: complete remission after curing the infection.  Gastroenterology. 2000;  118 (5) 821-828
    Google Scholar
  • 77 Noone P A, Waclawski E R, Watt A D. Are endoscopy nurses at risk of infection with Helicobacter pylori from their work?.  Occup Med. 2006;  56 (2) 122-128
    Google Scholar
  • 78 Mastromarino P, Conti C, Donato K. et al . Does hospital work constitute a risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection?.  J Hosp Infect. 2005;  60 (3) 261-268
    Google Scholar
  • 79 Matsuda R, Morizane T. Helicobacter pylori infection in dental professionals: a 6-year prospective study.  Helicobacter. 2005;  10 (4) 307-311
    Google Scholar
  • 80 Kim N, Lim S H, Lee K H. et al . Seroconversion of Helicobacter pylori in Korean male employees.  Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005;  40 (9) 1021-1027
    Google Scholar
  • 81 Braden B, Duan L P, Caspary W F. et al . Endoscopy is not a risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection– but medical practice is.  Gastrointest Endosc. 1997;  46 (4) 305-310
    Google Scholar
  • 82 Cutler A F, Havstad S, Ma C K. et al . Accuracy of invasive and noninvasive tests to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection.  Gastroenterology. 1995;  109 (1) 136-141
    Google Scholar
  • 83 Thijs J C, Zwet A A, Thijs W J. et al . Diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori: a prospective evaluation of their accuracy, without selecting a single test as the gold standard.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1996;  91 (10) 2125-2129
    Google Scholar
  • 84 Laheij R J, Boer de W A, Jansen J B. et al . Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection without a reference standard.  J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;  53 (7) 742-746
    Google Scholar
  • 85 Juttner van S, Vieth M, Miehlke S. et al . Reliable detection of macrolide-resistant Helicobacter pylori via fluorescence in situ hybridization in formalin-fixed tissue.  Mod Pathol. 2004;  17 (6) 684-689
    Google Scholar
  • 86 Lottspeich C, Schwarzer A, Panthel K. et al . Evaluation of the novel Helicobacter pylori ClariRes real-time PCR assay for detection and clarithromycin susceptibility testing of H. pylori in stool specimens from symptomatic children.  J Clin Microbiol. 2007;  45 (6) 1718-1722
    Google Scholar
  • 87 Gisbert J P, Pajares J M. Review article: C-urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;  20 (10) 1001-1017
    Google Scholar
  • 88 Leodolter A, Dominguez-Munoz J E, Arnim von U. et al . Validity of a modified 13C-urea breath test for pre- and posttreatment diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in the routine clinical setting.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 (8) 2100-2104
    Google Scholar
  • 89 Gisbert J P, Morena de la F, Abraira V. Accuracy of monoclonal stool antigen test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;  101 (8) 1921-1930
    Google Scholar
  • 90 Feldman R A, Deeks J J, Evans S J. Multi-laboratory comparison of eight commercially available Helicobacter pylori serology kits. Helicobacter pylori Serology Study Group.  Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995;  14 (5) 428-433
    Google Scholar
  • 91 Loy C T, Irwig L M, Katelaris P H. et al . Do commercial serological kits for Helicobacter pylori infection differ in accuracy? A meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1996;  91 (6) 1138-1144
    Google Scholar
  • 92 Bayerdorffer E, Oertel H, Lehn N. et al . Topographic association between active gastritis and Campylobacter pylori colonisation.  J Clin Pathol. 1989;  42 (8) 834-839
    Google Scholar
  • 93 Dixon M F, Genta R M, Yardley J H. et al . Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994.  Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;  20 (10) 1161-1181
    Google Scholar
  • 94 Stolte M, Muller H, Talley N J. et al . In patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis and functional dyspepsia, a biopsy from the incisura angularis provides useful diagnostic information.  Pathol Res Pract. 2006;  202 (6) 405-413
    Google Scholar
  • 95 Guidelines for clinical trials in Helicobacter pylori infection. Working Party of the European Helicobacter pylori Study Group.  Gut. 1997;  41 (Suppl 2) S1-S9
    Google Scholar
  • 96 Megraud F, Lehours P. Helicobacter pylori detection and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.  Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007;  20 (2) 280-322
    Google Scholar
  • 97 Woo J S, El Zimaity H M, Genta R M. et al . The best gastric site for obtaining a positive rapid ureas test.  Helicobacter. 1996;  1 (4) 256-259
    Google Scholar
  • 98 Tepes B. Comparison of two invasive diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori after antimicrobial therapy.  Scand J Gastroenterol. 2007;  42 (3) 330-332
    Google Scholar
  • 99 IJzendoorn M C, Laheij R J, Boer de W A. et al . The importance of corpus biopsies for the determination of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Neth J Med. 2005;  63 (4) 141-145
    Google Scholar
  • 100 Leodolter van A, Vaira D, Bazzoli F. et al . European multicentre validation trial of two new non-invasive tests for the detection of Helicobacter pylori antibodies: urine-based ELISA and rapid urine test.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  18 (9) 927-931
    Google Scholar
  • 101 Hackelsberger A, Schultze V, Peitz U. et al . Performance of a rapid whole blood test for Helicobacter pylori in primary care: a German multicenter study.  Helicobacter. 1998;  3 (3) 179-183
    Google Scholar
  • 102 Peitz U, Baumann M, Tillenburg B. et al . (Insufficient validity of a rapid blood test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection).  Med Klin. 2001;  96 (12) 703-707
    Google Scholar
  • 103 Hoang T T, Rehnberg A S, Wheeldon T U. et al . Comparison of the performance of serological kits for Helicobacter pylori infection with European and Asian study populations.  Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006;  12 (11) 1112-1117
    Google Scholar
  • 104 Suerbaum S, Achtman M. Helicobacter pylori: recombination, population structure and human migrations.  Int J Med Microbiol. 2004;  294 (2 – 3) 133-139
    Google Scholar
  • 105 Ekstrom A M, Held M, Hansson L E. et al . Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer established by CagA immunoblot as a marker of past infection.  Gastroenterology. 2001;  121 (4) 784-791
    Google Scholar
  • 106 Capurso G, Carnuccio A, Lahner E. et al . Corpus-predominant gastritis as a risk factor for false-negative 13C-urea breath test results.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  24 (10) 1453-1460
    Google Scholar
  • 107 Kokkola A, Rautelin H, Puolakkainen P. et al . Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with atrophic gastritis: comparison of histology, 13C-urea breath test, and serology.  Scand J Gastroenterol. 2000;  35 (2) 138-141
    Google Scholar
  • 108 Korstanje A, Eeden van S, Offerhaus G J. et al . The 13carbon urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in subjects with atrophic gastritis: evaluation in a primary care setting.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  24 (4) 643-650
    Google Scholar
  • 109 Lahner E, Vaira D, Figura N. et al . Role of noninvasive tests (C-urea breath test and stool antigen test) as additional tools in diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with atrophic body gastritis.  Helicobacter. 2004;  9 (5) 436-442
    Google Scholar
  • 110 Lehours P, Ruskone-Fourmestraux A, Lavergne A. et al . Which test to use to detect Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma?.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;  98 (2) 291-295
    Google Scholar
  • 111 Schilling D, Jakobs R, Peitz U. et al . Diagnostic accuracy of (13)C-urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer disease: a prospective multicenter study.  Digestion. 2001;  63 (1) 8-13
    Google Scholar
  • 112 Laine L A, Nathwani R A, Naritoku W. The effect of GI bleeding on Helicobacter pylori diagnostic testing: a prospective study at the time of bleeding and 1 month later.  Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;  62 (6) 853-859
    Google Scholar
  • 113 Lee J M, Breslin N P, Fallon C. et al . Rapid urease tests lack sensitivity in Helicobacter pylori diagnosis when peptic ulcer disease presents with bleeding.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;  95 (5) 1166-1170
    Google Scholar
  • 114 Peitz U, Leodolter A, Wex T. et al . Diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding.  Z Gastroenterol. 2004;  42 (2) 141-146
    Google Scholar
  • 115 Gisbert J P, Abraira V. Accuracy of Helicobacter pylori diagnostic tests in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;  101 (4) 848-863
    Google Scholar
  • 116 Schilling D, Demel A, Adamek H E. et al . A negative rapid urease test is unreliable for exclusion of Helicobacter pylori infection during acute phase of ulcer bleeding. A prospective case control study.  Dig Liver Dis. 2003;  35 (4) 217-221
    Google Scholar
  • 117 Brandi G, Biavati B, Calabrese C. et al . Urease-positive bacteria other than Helicobacter pylori in human gastric juice and mucosa.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;  101 (8) 1756-1761
    Google Scholar
  • 118 Urita Y, Hike K, Torii N. et al . Influence of urease activity in the intestinal tract on the results of 13C-urea breath test.  J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;  21 (4) 744-747
    Google Scholar
  • 119 MacOni G, Vago L, Galletta G. et al . Is routine histological evaluation an accurate test for Helicobacter pylori infection?.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;  13 (3) 327-331
    Google Scholar
  • 120 Stolte M, Wellens E, Bethke B. et al . Helicobacter heilmannii (formerly Gastrospirillum hominis) gastritis: an infection transmitted by animals?.  Scand J Gastroenterol. 1994;  29 (12) 1061-1064
    Google Scholar
  • 121 Chey W D, Woods M, Scheiman J M. et al . Lansoprazole and ranitidine affect the accuracy of the 14C-urea breath test by a pH-dependent mechanism.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1997;  92 (3) 446-450
    Google Scholar
  • 122 Laine L, Estrada R, Trujillo M. et al . Effect of proton-pump inhibitor therapy on diagnostic testing for Helicobacter pylori.  Ann Intern Med. 1998;  129 (7) 547-550
    Google Scholar
  • 123 Gatta L, Vakil N, Ricci C. et al . Effect of proton pump inhibitors and antacid therapy on 13C urea breath tests and stool test for Helicobacter pylori infection.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;  99 (5) 823-829
    Google Scholar
  • 124 Graham D Y, Opekun A R, Hammoud F. et al . Studies regarding the mechanism of false negative urea breath tests with proton pump inhibitors.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;  98 (5) 1005-1009
    Google Scholar
  • 125 Levine A, Shevah O, Shabat-Sehayek V. et al . Masking of 13C urea breath test by proton pump inhibitors is dependent on type of medication: comparison between omeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole and esomeprazole.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;  20 (1) 117-122
    Google Scholar
  • 126 Mana F, Van Laere W, Bossuyt A. et al . The early effect of proton pump inhibitor therapy on the accuracy of the 13C-urea breath test.  Dig Liver Dis. 2005;  37 (1) 28-32
    Google Scholar
  • 127 Manes G, Balzano A, Iaquinto G. et al . Accuracy of the stool antigen test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection before treatment and in patients on omeprazole therapy.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2001;  15 (1) 73-79
    Google Scholar
  • 128 Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain C. et al . Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report.  Gut. 2007;  56 (6) 772-781
    Google Scholar
  • 129 Stolte M, Stadelmann O, Bethke B. et al . Relationships between the degree of Helicobacter pylori colonisation and the degree and activity of gastritis, surface epithelial degeneration and mucus secretion.  Z Gastroenterol. 1995;  33 (2) 89-93
    Google Scholar
  • 130 Grimley C E, Holder R L, Loft D E. et al . Helicobacter pylori-associated antibodies in patients with duodenal ulcer, gastric and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;  11 (5) 503-509
    Google Scholar
  • 131 Han S R, Schneider T, Loos M. et al . One-step polymerase chain reaction-based typing of Helicobacter pylori vacA gene: association with gastric histopathology.  Med Microbiol Immunol. 1999;  188 (3) 131-138
    Google Scholar
  • 132 Lamarque D, Gilbert T, Roudot-Thoraval F. et al . Seroprevalence of eight Helicobacter pylori antigens among 182 patients with peptic ulcer, MALT gastric lymphoma or non-ulcer dyspepsia. Higher rate of seroreactivity against CagA and 35-kDa antigens in patients with peptic ulcer originating from Europe and Africa.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;  11 (7) 721-726
    Google Scholar
  • 133 Plummer M, Doorn L J, Franceschi van S. et al . Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated genotype and gastric precancerous lesions.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;  99 (17) 1328-1334
    Google Scholar
  • 134 Scholte G H, Doorn L J, Cats van A. et al . Genotyping of Helicobacter pylori in paraffin-embedded gastric biopsy specimens: relation to histological parameters and effects on therapy.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;  97 (7) 1687-1695
    Google Scholar
  • 135 Kodama K, Ito A, Nishizono A. et al . Divergence of virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori among clinical isolates does not correlate with disease specificity.  J Gastroenterol. 1999;  34 (Suppl 11) 6-9
    Google Scholar
  • 136 Breuer T, Graham D Y. Costs of diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: when does choosing the treatment regimen based on susceptibility testing become cost effective?.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 (3) 725-729
    Google Scholar
  • 137 Romano M, Marmo R, Cuomo A. et al . Pretreatment antimicrobial susceptibility testing is cost saving in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.  Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003;  1 (4) 273-278
    Google Scholar
  • 138 Marzio L, Coraggio D, Capodicasa S. et al . Role of the preliminary susceptibility testing for initial and after failed therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection with levofloxacin, amoxicillin, and esomeprazole.  Helicobacter. 2006;  11 (4) 237-242
    Google Scholar
  • 139 Malfertheiner P, Peitz U, Wolle K. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection – an update for 2004.  Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2004;  129 (34 – 35) 1821-1826
    Google Scholar
  • 140 Best L M, Haldane D J, Keelan M. et al . Multilaboratory comparison of proficiencies in susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori and correlation between agar dilution and E test methods.  Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;  47 (10) 3138-3144
    Google Scholar
  • 141 Grignon B, Tankovic J, Megraud F. et al . Validation of diffusion methods for macrolide susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori.  Microb Drug Resist. 2002;  8 (1) 61-66
    Google Scholar
  • 142 Perna F, Gatta L, Figura N. et al . Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;  98 (10) 2157-2161
    Google Scholar
  • 143 Ford A C, Delaney B C, Forman D. et al . Eradication therapy for peptic ulcer disease in Helicobacter pylori positive patients.  Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;  2 CD003840
    Google Scholar
  • 144 Laine L, Hopkins R J, Girardi L S. Has the impact of Helicobacter pylori therapy on ulcer recurrence in the United States been overstated? A meta-analysis of rigorously designed trials.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;  93 (9) 1409-1415
    Google Scholar
  • 145 Leodolter A, Kulig M, Brasch H. et al . A meta-analysis comparing eradication, healing and relapse rates in patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric or duodenal ulcer.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2001;  15 (12) 1949-1958
    Google Scholar
  • 146 Liu C C, Lee C L, Chan C C. et al . Maintenance treatment is not necessary after Helicobacter pylori eradication and healing of bleeding peptic ulcer: a 5-year prospective, randomized, controlled study.  Arch Intern Med. 2003;  163 (17) 2020-2024
    Google Scholar
  • 147 Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain C. et al . Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report.  Gut. 2007;  56 (6) 772-781
    Google Scholar
  • 148 Sharma V K, Sahai A V, Corder F A. et al . Helicobacter pylori eradication is superior to ulcer healing with or without maintenance therapy to prevent further ulcer haemorrhage.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2001;  15 (12) 1939-1947
    Google Scholar
  • 149 Sonnenberg A, Olson C A, Zhang J. The effect of antibiotic therapy on bleeding from duodenal ulcer.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 (4) 950-954
    Google Scholar
  • 150 Blum A L TNO. Lack of effect of treating Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. Omeprazole plus Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin Effect One Year after Treatment (OCAY) Study Group.  N Engl J Med. 1998;  339 (26) 1875-1881
    Google Scholar
  • 151 Froehlich F, Gonvers J J, Wietlisbach V. et al . Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment does not benefit patients with nonulcer dyspepsia.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;  96 (8) 2329-2336
    Google Scholar
  • 152 Kamada T, Haruma K, Hata J. et al . The long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on symptoms in dyspeptic patients with fundic atrophic gastritis.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  18 (2) 245-252
    Google Scholar
  • 153 Koskenpato J. Helicobacter pylori eradication and standardized 3-month omeprazole therapy in functional dyspepsia.  The American journal of gastroenterology. 2001;  96 (10) 2866-2872
    Google Scholar
  • 154 Malfertheiner P. Helicobacter pylori eradication is beneficial in the treatment of functional dyspepsia.  Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. 2003;  18 (6) 615-625
    Google Scholar
  • 155 McColl K. Symptomatic benefit from eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia.  The New England journal of medicine. 1998;  339 (26) 1869-1874
    Google Scholar
  • 156 McNamara D, Buckley M, Gilvarry J. et al . Does Helicobacter pylori eradication affect symptoms in nonulcer dyspepsia: a 5-year follow-up study.  Helicobacter. 2002;  7 (5) 317-321
    Google Scholar
  • 157 Talley N J VN. Absence of benefit of eradicating Helicobacter pylori in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia.  The New England journal of medicine. 1999;  341 (15) 1106-1111
    Google Scholar
  • 158 Veldhuyzen v Z, Fedorak R N, Lambert J. et al . Absence of symptomatic benefit of lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin triple therapy in eradication of Helicobacter pylori positive, functional (nonulcer) dyspepsia.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;  98 (9) 1963-1969
    Google Scholar
  • 159 Hudson N, Brydon W G, Eastwood M A. et al . Successful Helicobacter pylori eradication incorporating a one-week antibiotic regimen.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1995;  9 (1) 47-50
    Google Scholar
  • 160 Loo V G, Poirier L, Miller M A. et al . A Predominantly Clonal Multi-Institutional Outbreak of Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea with High Morbidity and Mortality.  N Engl J Med. 2005;  353 (23) 2442-2449
    Google Scholar
  • 161 Delaney J A, Dial S, Barkun A. et al . Antimicrobial drugs and community-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease, UK.  Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;  13 (5) 761-763
    Google Scholar
  • 162 Dial S, Delaney J AC, Barkun A N. et al . Use of Gastric Acid-Suppressive Agents and the Risk of Community-Acquired Clostridium difficile-Associated Disease.  JAMA. 2005;  294 (23) 2989-2995
    Google Scholar
  • 163 Drossman D A, Dumitrascu D L. Rome III: New standard for functional gastrointestinal disorders.  J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2006;  15 (3) 237-241
    Google Scholar
  • 164 Chiba N. Economic evaluation of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the CADET-Hp randomized controlled trial of H. pylori-positive primary care patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia.  Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. 2004;  19 (3) 349-358
    Google Scholar
  • 165 Talley N J. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: evaluation of dyspepsia.  Gastroenterology. 2005;  129 (5) 1753-1755
    Google Scholar
  • 166 Moayyedi P, Soo S, Deeks J. et al . Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia.  Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;  2 CD002096
    Google Scholar
  • 167 Vakil N. Patterns of gastritis and the effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in Western patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.  Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. 2006;  24 (1) 55-63
    Google Scholar
  • 168 Wu J C, Chan F K, Ching J Y. et al . Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a double blind, placebo controlled, randomised trial.  Gut. 2004;  53 (2) 174-179
    Google Scholar
  • 169 Labenz J, Blum A L, BayerdOrffer E. et al . Curing Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer may provoke reflux esophagitis.  Gastroenterology. 1997;  112 (5) 1442-1447
    Google Scholar
  • 170 Hamada H, Haruma K, Mihara M. et al . High incidence of reflux oesophagitis after eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori: impacts of hiatal hernia and corpus gastritis.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000;  14 (6) 729-735
    Google Scholar
  • 171 Vakil N, Hahn B, McSorley D. Recurrent symptoms and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in patients with duodenal ulcer treated for Helicobacter pylori infection.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000;  14 (1) 45-51
    Google Scholar
  • 172 Laine L, Sugg J. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on development of erosive esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: a post hoc analysis of eight double blind prospective studies.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;  97 (12) 2992-2997
    Google Scholar
  • 173 Vakil N, Talley N J, Stolte M. et al . Patterns of gastritis and the effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in Western patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  24 (1) 55-63
    Google Scholar
  • 174 Pilotto A, Perri F, Leandro G. et al . Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the outcome of reflux esophagitis and chronic gastritis in the elderly. A randomized, multicenter, eight-month study.  Gerontology. 2006;  52 (2) 99-106
    Google Scholar
  • 175 Kuipers E J, Nelis G F, Klinkenberg-Knol E C. et al . Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis treated with long term omeprazole reverses gastritis without exacerbation of reflux disease: results of a randomised controlled trial.  Gut. 2004;  53 (1) 12-20
    Google Scholar
  • 176 Malfertheiner P, Dent J, Zeijlon L. et al . Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on heartburn in patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer disease – results from a randomized trial programme.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;  16 (8) 1431-1442
    Google Scholar
  • 177 Moayyedi P, Bardhan C, Young L. et al . Helicobacter pylori eradication does not exacerbate reflux symptoms in gastroesophageal reflux disease.  Gastroenterology. 2001;  121 (5) 1120-1126
    Google Scholar
  • 178 Schenk B E, Kuipers E J, Nelis G F. et al . Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on chronic gastritis during omeprazole therapy.  Gut. 2000;  46 (5) 615-621
    Google Scholar
  • 179 Lundell L, Miettinen P, Myrvold H E. et al . Lack of effect of acid suppression therapy on gastric atrophy. Nordic Gerd Study Group.  Gastroenterology. 1999;  117 (2) 319-326
    Google Scholar
  • 180 Franchini M, Cruciani M, Mengoli C. et al . Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on platelet count in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a systematic review and meta-analysis.  J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007;  60 (2) 237-246
    Google Scholar
  • 181 Chen L H, Luo H S. Effects of H pylori therapy on erythrocytic and iron parameters in iron deficiency anemia patients with H pylori-positive chronic gastristis.  World J Gastroenterol. 2007;  13 (40) 5380-5383
    Google Scholar
  • 182 Tsutsumi Y, Kanamori H, Yamato H. et al . Randomized study of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy and proton pump inhibitor monotherapy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.  Ann Hematol. 2005;  84 (12) 807-811
    Google Scholar
  • 183 Suzuki T, Matsushima M, Masui A. et al . Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura – a randomized controlled trial.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;  100 (6) 1265-1270
    Google Scholar
  • 184 Emilia G, Longo G, Luppi M. et al . Helicobacter pylori eradication can induce platelet recovery in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.  Blood. 2001;  97 (3) 812-814
    Google Scholar
  • 185 Emilia G, Luppi M, Zucchini P. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura: long-term results of bacterium eradication and association with bacterium virulence profiles.  Blood. 2007;  110 (12) 3833-3841
    Google Scholar
  • 186 Yoshimura M, Hirai M, Tanaka N. et al . Remission of severe anemia persisting for over 20 years after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in cases of Menetrier’s disease and atrophic gastritis: Helicobacter pylori as a pathogenic factor in iron-deficiency anemia.  Intern Med. 2003;  42 (10) 971-977
    Google Scholar
  • 187 Kawasaki M, Hizawa K, Aoyagi K. et al . Menetrier’s disease associated with Helicobacter pylori infection: resolution of enlarged gastric folds and hypoproteinemia after antibacterial treatment.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1997;  92 (10) 1909-1912
    Google Scholar
  • 188 Yamada M, Sumazaki R, Adachi H. et al . Resolution of protein-losing hypertrophic gastropathy by eradication of Helicobacter pylori.  Eur J Pediatr. 1997;  156 (3) 182-185
    Google Scholar
  • 189 Bayerdörffer E, Ritter M M, Hatz R. et al . Healing of protein losing hypertrophic gastropathy by eradication of Helicobacter pylori – is Helicobacter pylori a pathogenic factor in Menetrier’s disease?.  Gut. 1994;  35 (5) 701-704
    Google Scholar
  • 190 Madisch A, Miehlke S, Neuber F. et al . Healing of lymphocytic gastritis after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy – a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  23 (4) 473-479
    Google Scholar
  • 191 Chen L H, Luo H S. Effects of H pylori therapy on erythrocytic and iron parameters in iron deficiency anemia patients with H pylori-positive chronic gastristis.  World J Gastroenterol. 2007;  13 (40) 5380-5383
    Google Scholar
  • 192 Choe Y H, Kim S K, Son B K. et al . Randomized placebo-controlled trial of Helicobacter pylori eradication for iron-deficiency anemia in preadolescent children and adolescents.  Helicobacter. 1999;  4 (2) 135-139
    Google Scholar
  • 193 Wotherspoon A C, Ortiz-Hidalgo C, Falzon M R. et al . Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis and primary B-cell gastric lymphoma.  Lancet. 1991;  338 1175-1176
    Google Scholar
  • 194 Stolte M, Eidt S. Lymphoid follicles in the antral mucosa: immune response to Campylobacter pylori.  J Clin Pathol. 1989;  42 1269-1271
    Google Scholar
  • 195 Stolte M. H. pylori and gastric MALT lymphoma.  Lancet. 1992;  339 745-746
    Google Scholar
  • 196 Doglioni C, Wotherspoon A C, Moschini A. et al . High incidence of primary gastric lymphoma in northeastern Italy.  Lancet. 1992;  339 1175-1176
    Google Scholar
  • 197 Zaki M, Schubert M L. Helicobacter pylori and gastric lymphoma.  Gastroenterology. 1995;  108 610-612
    Google Scholar
  • 198 Hussell T, Isaacson P G, Crabtree J E. et al . The response of cells from low-grade B-cell gastric lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue to Helicobacter pylori.  Lancet. 1993;  342 571-574
    Google Scholar
  • 199 Parsonnet J, Freidman G D, Vandersteen D P. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of gastric carcinoma.  N Engl J Med. 1991;  325 1127-1131
    Google Scholar
  • 200 Isaacson P G, Spencer J. Malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.  Histopathology. 1987;  11 44-49
    Google Scholar
  • 201 Myhre M J, Isaacson P G. Primary B-cell gastric lymphoma – a reassessment of its histogenesis.  J Pathol. 1987;  152 1-11
    Google Scholar
  • 202 El-Zimaity H M, Wotherspoon A, Jong de D. Houston MALT lymphoma Workshop. Interobserver variation in the histopathological assessment of malt/malt lymphoma: towards a consensus.  Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2005;  34 6-16
    Google Scholar
  • 203 Harris N L, Jaffe E S, Stein H. et al . A revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms: A proposal from the international lymphoma study group.  Blood. 1994;  84 1361-1392
    Google Scholar
  • 204 Harris N L, Jaffe E S, Diebold J. et al . World Health Organization classification of neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues: Report of the clinical advisory committee meeting – Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997.  J Clin Oncol. 1999;  17 3835-3849
    Google Scholar
  • 205 Lymphoma Classification Project . A clinical evaluation of the international lymphoma study group classification of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.  Blood. 1997;  89 3909-3918
    Google Scholar
  • 206 Musshoff K. Klinische Stadieneinteilung der nicht-Hodgkin-Lymphome.  Strahlentherapie. 1977;  153 218-222
    Google Scholar
  • 207 Radaszkiewicz T, Dragosics B, Bauer P. Gastrointestinal malignant lymphomas of the mucosa-associated tissue: Factors relevant to prognosis.  Gastroenterology. 1992;  102 1628-1638
    Google Scholar
  • 208 Steinbach G, Ford R, Glober G. et al . Antibiotic treatment of gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: an uncontrolled trial.  Ann Intern Med. 1999;  131 88-95
    Google Scholar
  • 209 Shimodaira M, Tsukamoto Y, Niwa Y. et al . A proposed staging system for primary gastric lymphoma.  Cancer. 1994;  73 2709-2715
    Google Scholar
  • 210 Ruskoné-Fourmestraux A, Dragosics B, Morgner A. et al . Paris staging system for primary gastrointestinal lymphomas.  Gut. 2003;  52 912-913
    Google Scholar
  • 211 Morgner A, Schmelz R, Thiede C. et al . Therapy of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.  World J Gastroenterol. 2007;  13 3554-3566
    Google Scholar
  • 212 Bayerdorffer E, Neubauer A, Rudolph B. et al . Regression of primary gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. MALT Lymphoma Study Group.  Lancet. 1995;  345 1591-1594
    Google Scholar
  • 213 Neubauer A, Thiede C, Morgner A. et al . Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection and duration of remission of low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;  89 1350-1355
    Google Scholar
  • 214 Wündisch T, Thiede C, Morgner A. et al . Long-term follow-up of gastric MALT lymphoma after Helicobacter pylori eradication.  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 8018-8024
    Google Scholar
  • 215 Koch P, Probst A, Berdel W E. et al . Treatment results in localized primary gastric lymphoma: data of patients registered within the German multicenter study (GIT NHL 02 / 96).  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 7050-7059
    Google Scholar
  • 216 Koch P, del Valle F, Berdel W E. et al . German Multicenter Study Group. Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: II. Combined surgical and conservative or conservative management only in localized gastric lymphoma – results of the prospective German Multicenter Study GIT NHL 01 / 92.  J Clin Oncol. 2001;  19 3874-3883
    Google Scholar
  • 217 Fischbach W, Dragosics B, Kolve-Goebeler M E. et al . Primary gastric B-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective multicenter study. The German-Austrian Gastrointestinal Lymphoma Study Group.  Gastroenterology. 2000;  119 1191-1202
    Google Scholar
  • 218 Raderer M, Wöhrer S, Streubel B. et al . Assessment of disease dissemination in gastric compared with extragastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma using extensive staging: a single-center experience.  J Clin Oncol. 2006;  24 3136-3141
    Google Scholar
  • 219 Flieger D, Keller R, May A. et al . Capsule endoscopy in gastrointestinal lymphomas.  Endoscopy. 2005;  37 1174-1180
    Google Scholar
  • 220 Morgner A, Miehlke S, Fischbach W. et al . Complete remission of primary high-grade B-cell gastric lymphoma after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection.  J Clin Oncol. 2001;  19 2041-2048
    Google Scholar
  • 221 Chen L T, Lin J T, Tai J J. et al . Long-term results of anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy in early-stage gastric high-grade transformed MALT lymphoma.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;  97 1345-1353
    Google Scholar
  • 222 Chen L T, Lin J T, Shyu R Y. et al . Prospective study of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in stage I(E) high-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach.  J Clin Oncol. 2001;  19 4245-4251
    Google Scholar
  • 223 Boot H, Jong de D, Heerde van P. et al . Role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in high-grade MALT lymphoma.  Lancet. 1995;  346 448-449
    Google Scholar
  • 224 Morgner A, Bayerdörffer E, Neubauer A. et al . Malignant tumours of the stomach: Gastric MALT lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori. In Marshall B (ed).  Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2000;  29 593-607
    Google Scholar
  • 225 Bayerdorffer E, Neubauer A, Rudolph B. et al . Regression of primary gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. MALT Lymphoma Study Group.  Lancet. 1995;  345 1591-1594
    Google Scholar
  • 226 Roggero E, Zucca E, Pinotti G. et al . Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in primary low-grade gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.  Ann Intern Med. 1996;  124 275-276
    Google Scholar
  • 227 Neubauer A, Thiede C, Morgner A. et al . Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection and duration of remission of low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;  89 1350-1355
    Google Scholar
  • 228 Steinbach G, Ford R, Glober G. et al . Antibiotic treatment of gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. An uncontrolled trial.  Ann Intern Med. 1999;  131 88-95
    Google Scholar
  • 229 Savio A, Zamboni G, Capelli P. et al . Relapse of low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma after Helicobacter pylori eradication: true relapse or persistence? Long-term post-treatment follow-up of a multicenter trial in the north-east of Italy and evaluation of the diagnostic protocol’s adequacy.  Recent Results Cancer Res. 2000;  156 116-124
    Google Scholar
  • 230 Morgner A, Lehn N, Andersen L P. et al . Helicobacter heilmannii-associated primary gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma: complete remission after curing the infection.  Gastroenterology. 2000;  118 821-828
    Google Scholar
  • 231 Ruskone-Fourmestraux A, Lavergne A, Aegerter P H. et al . Predictive factors for regression of gastric MALT lymphoma after anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment.  Gut. 2001;  48 297-303
    Google Scholar
  • 232 Nakamura S, Matsumoto T, Suekane H. et al . Predictive value of endoscopic ultrasonography for regression of gastric low grade and high grade MALT lymphomas after eradication of Helicobacter pylori.  Gut. 2001;  48 454-460
    Google Scholar
  • 233 Stolte M, Bayerdorffer E, Morgner A. et al . Helicobacter and gastric MALT lymphoma.  Gut. 2002;  50 (Suppl 3) 19-24
    Google Scholar
  • 234 Diz-Lois Palomares M T, Souto Ruzo J, Yanez Lopez J A. et al . Early-stage gastric MALT lymphomas: eradication of H. pylori and outcome.  Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2002;  94 669-678
    Google Scholar
  • 235 Fischbach W, Goebeler-Kolve M E, Dragosics B. et al . Long term outcome of patients with gastric marginal zone B cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) following exclusive Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: experience from a large prospective series.  Gut. 2004;  53 34-37
    Google Scholar
  • 236 Wundisch T, Thiede C, Morgner A. et al . Long-term follow-up of gastric MALT lymphoma after Helicobacter pylori eradication.  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 8018-8024
    Google Scholar
  • 237 Wundisch T, Mosch C, Neubauer A. et al . Helicobacter pylori eradication in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: Results of a 196-patient series.  Leuk Lymphoma. 2006;  47 2110-2114
    Google Scholar
  • 238 Sackmann M, Morgner A, Rudolph B. et al . Regression of gastric MALT lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori is predicted by endosonographic staging. MALT Lymphoma Study Group.  Gastroenterology. 1997;  113 1087-1090
    Google Scholar
  • 239 Fischbach W, Goebeler-Kolve M, Starostik P. et al . Minimal residual low-grade gastric MALT-type lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori.  Lancet. 2002;  360 547-548
    Google Scholar
  • 240 Thiede C, Wundisch T, Alpen B. et al . German MALT Lymphoma Study Group. Long-term persistence of monoclonal B cells after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection and complete histologic remission in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma.  J Clin Oncol. 2001;  19 1600-1609
    Google Scholar
  • 241 Fischbach W, Goebeler M E, Ruskone-Fourmestraux A. et al . Most patients with minimal histological residuals of gastric MALT lymphoma after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori can be managed safely by a watch and wait strategy: experience from a large international series.  Gut. 2007;  56 1685-1687
    Google Scholar
  • 242 Ott G, Katzenberger T, Greiner A. et al . The t(11;18)(q21;q21) chromosome translocation is a frequent and specific aberration in low-grade but not high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-)type.  Cancer Res. 1997;  57 3944-3948
    Google Scholar
  • 243 Auer I A, Gascoyne R D, Connors J M. et al . :t(11;18)(q21;q21) is the most common translocation in MALT lymphomas.  Ann Oncol. 1997;  8 979-985
    Google Scholar
  • 244 Baens M, Maes B, Steyls A. et al . The product of the t(11;18), an API2-MLT fusion, marks nearly half of gastric MALT type lymphomas without large cell proliferation.  Am J Pathol. 2000;  156 1433-1439
    Google Scholar
  • 245 Liu H, Ruskoné-Fourmestraux A, Lavergne-Slove A. et al . Resistance of t(11;18) positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy.  Lancet. 2001;  357 39-40
    Google Scholar
  • 246 Liu H, Ye H, Ruskoné-Fourmestraux A. et al . T(11;18) is a marker for all stage gastric MALT lymphomas that will not respond to H. pylori eradication.  Gastroenterology. 2002;  122 1286-1294
    Google Scholar
  • 247 Alpen B, Neubauer A, Dierlamm J. et al . Translocation t(11;18) absent in early gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type responding to eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Blood. 2000;  95 4014-4015
    Google Scholar
  • 248 Nakamura T, Nakamura S, Yonezumi M. et al . Helicobacter pylori and the t(11;18)(q21;q21) translocation in gastric low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type.  Jpn J Cancer Res. 2000;  91 301-309
    Google Scholar
  • 249 Ye H, Dogan A, Karran L. et al . BCL10 expression in normal and neoplastic lymphoid tissue. Nuclear localization in MALT lymphoma.  Am J Pathol. 2000;  157 1147-1154
    Google Scholar
  • 250 Sugiyama T, Asaka M, Nakamura T. et al . API2-MALT1 chimeric transcript is a predictive marker for the responsiveness of H. pylori eradication treatment in low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma.  Gastroenterology. 2001;  120 1884-1885
    Google Scholar
  • 251 Raderer M, Streubel B, Wohrer S. et al . Successful antibiotic treatment of Helicobacter pylori negative gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas.  Gut. 2006;  55 616-618
    Google Scholar
  • 252 Schechter N R, Yahalom J. Low-grade MALT lymphoma of the stomach: a review of treatment options.  Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;  46 1093-1103
    Google Scholar
  • 253 Schechter N R, Portlock C S, Yahalom J. Treatment of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach with radiation alone.  J Clin Oncol. 1998;  16 1916-1921
    Google Scholar
  • 254 Tsang R W, Gospodarowicz M K, Pintilie M. et al . Localized mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma treated with radiation therapy has excellent clinical outcome.  J Clin Oncol. 2003;  21 4157-4164
    Google Scholar
  • 255 Tsang R W, Gospodarowicz M K. Radiation therapy for localized low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.  Hematol Oncol. 2005;  23 10-17
    Google Scholar
  • 256 Mittal B, Wasserman T H, Griffith R C. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the stomach.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1983;  78 780-787
    Google Scholar
  • 257 Ettinger D S, Carter D. Gastric carcinoma 16 years after gastric lymphoma irradiation.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1977;  68 485-488
    Google Scholar
  • 258 Shani A, Schutt A J, Weiland L H. Primary gastric malignant lymphoma followed by gastric adenocarcinoma: report of 4 cases and review of the literature.  Cancer. 1978;  42 2039-2044
    Google Scholar
  • 259 Bartlett D L, Karpeh M S, Filippa D A. et al . Long-term follow-up after curative surgery for early gastric lymphoma.  Ann Surg. 1996;  223 53-62
    Google Scholar
  • 260 Kodera Jr Y, Yamamura Y, Nakamura S. et al . The role of radical gastrectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy for the diagnosis and treatment of primary gastric lymphoma.  Ann Surg. 1998;  227 45-50
    Google Scholar
  • 261 Brands F, Monig S P, Raab M. Treatment and prognosis of gastric lymphoma.  Eur J Surg. 1997;  163 803-813
    Google Scholar
  • 262 Aviles A, Nambo M J, Neri N. et al . The role of surgery in primary gastric lymphoma: results of a controlled clinical trial.  Ann Surg. 2004;  240 44-50
    Google Scholar
  • 263 Aviles A, Nambo M J, Neri N. et al . Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the stomach: results of a controlled clinical trial.  Med Oncol. 2005;  22 57-62
    Google Scholar
  • 264 ammel P, Haioun C, Chaumette M T. et al . Efficacy of single-agent chemotherapy in low-grade B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with prominent gastric expression.  J Clin Oncol. 1995;  13 2524-2529
    Google Scholar
  • 265 Nakamura S, Matsumoto T, Suekane H. et al . Long-term clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori eradication for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with a reference to second-line treatment.  Cancer. 2005;  104 532-540
    Google Scholar
  • 266 Levy M, Copie-Bergman C, Gameiro C. et al . Prognostic value of translocation t(11;18) in tumoral response of low-grade gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type to oral chemotherapy.  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 5061-5066
    Google Scholar
  • 267 Jäger G, Neumeister P, Brezinschek R. et al . Treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type with cladribine: a phase II study.  J Clin Oncol. 2002;  20 3872-3877
    Google Scholar
  • 268 Streubel B, Ye H, Du M Q. et al . Translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21) is not predictive of response to chemotherapy with 2CdA in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma.  Oncology. 2004;  66 476-480
    Google Scholar
  • 269 Raderer M, Wohrer S, Bartsch R. et al . Phase II study of oxaliplatin for treatment of patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 8442-8446
    Google Scholar
  • 270 Conconi A, Martinelli G, Thieblemont C. et al . Clinical activity of rituximab in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type.  Blood. 2003;  102 2741-2745
    Google Scholar
  • 271 Raderer M, Jager G, Brugger S. et al . Rituximab for treatment of advanced extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.  Oncology. 2003;  65 306-310
    Google Scholar
  • 272 Martinelli G, Laszlo D, Ferreri A J. et al . Clinical activity of rituximab in gastric marginal zone non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma resistant to or not eligible for anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy.  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 1979-1983
    Google Scholar
  • 273 Chaudhary N, Ozer H, Huard D. et al . Successful treatment of Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphoma with rituximab.  Dig Dis Sci. 2006;  51 775-778
    Google Scholar
  • 274 Salar A, Bellosillo B, Serrano S. et al . Persistent residual disease in t(11;18)(q21;q21) positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma treated with chemotherapy or rituximab.  J Clin Oncol. 2005;  23 7361-7362
    Google Scholar
  • 275 Ferreri A J, Freschi M, Dell’Oro S. et al . Prognostic significance of the histopathologic recognition of low- and high-grade components in stage I–II B-cell gastric lymphomas.  Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;  25 95-102
    Google Scholar
  • 276 Ferreri A J, Montalban C. Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the stomach.  Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2007;  63 65-71
    Google Scholar
  • 277 Coiffier B, Haioun C, Ketterer N. et al . Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) for the treatment of patients with relapsing or refractory aggressive lymphoma: a multicenter phase II study.  Blood. 1998;  92 1927-1932
    Google Scholar
  • 278 Coiffier B, Lepage E, Briere J. et al . CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma.  N Engl J Med. 2002;  346 235-242
    Google Scholar
  • 279 Watanabe T, Tada M, Nagai H. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection induces gastric cancer in mongolian gerbils.  Gastroenterology. 1998;  115 642-648
    Google Scholar
  • 280 Ekström A M, Hansson L E, Signorello L B. et al . Decreasing incidence of both major histologic subtypes of gastric adenocarcinoma – a population-based study in Sweden.  Br J Cancer. 2000;  83 391-396
    Google Scholar
  • 281 WHO/IARC. Infection with Helicobacter pylori.  IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1994;  61 177-240
    Google Scholar
  • 282 Stoicov C, Saffari R, Cai X. et al . Molecular biology of gastric cancer: Helicobacter infection and gastric adenocarcinoma: bacterial and host factors responsible for altered growth signaling.  Gene. 2004;  341 1-17
    Google Scholar
  • 283 Ekström A M, Eriksson M, Hansson L E. et al . Occupational exposures and risk of gastric cancer in a population-based case-control study.  Cancer Res. 1999;  59 5932-5937
    Google Scholar
  • 284 Miehlke S, Kirsch C, Agha-Amiri K. et al . The Helicobacter pylori vacA s1, m1 genotype and cagA is associated with gastric carcinoma in Germany.  Int J Cancer. 2000;  87 322-327
    Google Scholar
  • 285 Ekström A M, Serafini M, Nyrén O. et al . Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: a population-based case-control study in Sweden.  Int J Cancer. 2000;  87 133-140
    Google Scholar
  • 286 González C A, Jakszyn P, Pera G. et al . Meat intake and risk of stomach and esophageal adenocarcinoma within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).  J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;  98 345-354
    Google Scholar
  • 287 Sung J J, Lin S R, Ching J Y. et al . Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia one year after cure of H. pylori infection: a prospective, randomized study.  Gastroenterology. 2000;  119 7-14
    Google Scholar
  • 288 De Jonge P J, Wolters L M, Steyerberg E W. et al . Environmental risk factors in the development of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus or gastric cardia: a cross-sectional study in a Durch cohort.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;  26 (1) 31-39
    Google Scholar
  • 289 Tajima Y, Yamazaki K, Makino R. et al . Differences in the histological findings, phenotypic marker expressions and genetic alterations between adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia and distal stomach.  Br J Cancer. 2007;  96 (1) 631-638
    Google Scholar
  • 290 Crew K D, Neugut A I. Epidemiology of gastric cancer.  World J Gastroenterol. 2006;  12 (3) 354-362
    Google Scholar
  • 291 Meining A, Stolte M. Close correlation of intestinal metaplasia and corpus gastritis in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori.  Z Gastroenterol. 2002;  40 557-560
    Google Scholar
  • 292 Matsuhisa T, Matsukura N, Yamada N. Topography of chronic active gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-positive Asian populations: age-, gender-, and endoscopic diagnosis-matched study.  J Gastroenterol. 2004;  39 324-328
    Google Scholar
  • 293 Imagawa S, Yoshihara M, Ito M. et al . Evaluation of Gastric Cancer Risk Using Topography of Histological Gastritis: A Large-scaled Cross-sectional Study.  Dig Dis Sci. 2007;  13 Epub ahead of print
    Google Scholar
  • 294 Miehlke S, Hackelsberger A, Meining A. et al . Severe expression of corpus gastritis is characteristic in gastric cancer patients infected with Helicobacter pylori.  Br J Cancer. 1998;  78 263-266
    Google Scholar
  • 295 Meining A G, Bayerdörffer E, Stolte M. Helicobacter pylori gastritis of the gastric cancer phenotype in relatives of gastric carcinoma patients.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;  11 717-720
    Google Scholar
  • 296 Meining A, Riedl B, Stolte M. Features of gastritis predisposing to gastric adenoma and early gastric cancer.  J Clin Pathol. 2002;  55 770-773
    Google Scholar
  • 297 Oberhuber G, Stolte M. Gastric polyps: an update of their pathology and biological significance.  Virchows Arch. 2000;  437 581-590
    Google Scholar
  • 298 Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain C. et al . Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report.  Gut. 2007;  56 772-781
    Google Scholar
  • 299 Wong B C, Lam S K, Wong W M. et al . : Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial.  JAMA. 2004;  291 187-194
    Google Scholar
  • 300 Forman D, Graham D Y. Review article: impact of Helicobacter pylori on society-role for a strategy of ‘search and eradicate’.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;  19 (Suppl 1) 17-21
    Google Scholar
  • 301 Fischbach L, Evans E L. Meta-analysis: the effect of antibiotic resistance status on the efficacy of triple and quadruple first-line therapies for Helicobacter pylori.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;  26 343-357
    Google Scholar
  • 302 Janssen M J, Laheij R J. et al . The influence of pretreatment on cure rates of Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Neth J Med. 2004;  62 192-196
    Google Scholar
  • 303 Laheij R J, Rossum L G. et al . Evaluation of treatment regimens to cure Helicobacter pylori infection – a meta-analysis.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;  13 (7) 857-864
    Google Scholar
  • 304 Megraud F. H pylori antibiotic resistance: prevalence, importance, and advances in testing.  Gut. 2004;  53 1374-1384
    Google Scholar
  • 305 Wouden E J, Thijs J C. et al . The influence of in vitro nitroimidazole resistance on the efficacy of nitroimidazole-containing anti-Helicobacter pylori regimens: a meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 1751-1759
    Google Scholar
  • 306 Fuccio van der L, Minardi M E. et al . Meta-analysis: duration of first-line proton-pump inhibitor based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Ann Intern Med. 2007;  147 553-562
    Google Scholar
  • 307 Furuta T, Shirai N. et al . Influence of CYP2C19 pharmacogenetic polymorphism on proton pump inhibitor-based therapies.  Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2005;  20 153-167
    Google Scholar
  • 308 Gisbert J P, Khorrami S. et al . Meta-analysis: Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy vs. antisecretory non-eradication therapy for the prevention of recurrent bleeding from peptic ulcer.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;  19 617-629
    Google Scholar
  • 309 Graham D Y. Therapy of Helicobacter pylori: current status and issues.  Gastroenterology. 2000;  118 (Suppl 1) S2-S8
    Google Scholar
  • 310 Huang J Q, Zheng G F. et al . Do patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia respond differently to Helicobacter pylori eradication treatments from those with peptic ulcer disease? A systematic review.  World J Gastroenterol. 2005;  11 2726-2732
    Google Scholar
  • 311 Klotz U, Schwab M. et al . CYP2C19 polymorphism and proton pump inhibitors.  Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;  95 2-8
    Google Scholar
  • 312 Lind T, Megraud F. et al . The MACH2 study: role of omeprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 1-week triple therapies.  Gastroenterology. 1999;  116 248-253
    Google Scholar
  • 313 Malfertheiner P, Bayerdorffer E. et al . The GU-MACH study: the effect of 1-week omeprazole triple therapy on Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric ulcer.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;  13 703-712
    Google Scholar
  • 314 Malfertheiner P, Peitz U. et al . What constitutes failure for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy?.  Can J Gastroenterol. 2003;  17 (Suppl B) 53B-57B
    Google Scholar
  • 315 Malfertheiner P, Megraud F. et al . Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report.  Gut. 2007;  56 772-781
    Google Scholar
  • 316 Moayyedi P, Soo S. et al . Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia.  Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;  2 CD002096
    Google Scholar
  • 317 Morgner A, Labenz J. et al . Effective regimens for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2006;  15 995-1016
    Google Scholar
  • 318 Padol S, Yuan Y. et al . The effect of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on H. pylori eradication rate in dual and triple first-line PPI therapies: a meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;  101 1467-1475
    Google Scholar
  • 319 Treiber G, Malfertheiner P. et al . Treatment and dosing of Helicobacter pylori infection: when pharmacology meets clinic.  Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007;  8 329-350
    Google Scholar
  • 320 Vakil N, Megraud F. Eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori.  Gastroenterology. 2007;  133 985-1001
    Google Scholar
  • 321 Hopkins R J. Current FDA-approved treatments for Helicobacter pylori and the FDA approval process.  Gastroenterology. 1997;  113 S126-S130
    Google Scholar
  • 322 Graham D Y, Lu H. et al . A report card to grade Helicobacter pylori therapy.  Helicobacter. 2007;  12 275-278
    Google Scholar
  • 323 Calvet X, Garcia N. et al . A meta-analysis of short versus long therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and either metronidazole or amoxycillin for treating Helicobacter pylori infection.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000;  14 603-609
    Google Scholar
  • 324 Chiba N, Rao B V. et al . Meta-analysis of the efficacy of antibiotic therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1992;  87 1716-1727
    Google Scholar
  • 325 Gisbert J P, Khorrami S. et al . Meta-analysis: proton pump inhibitors vs. H 2-receptor antagonists – their efficacy with antibiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  18 757-766
    Google Scholar
  • 326 Graham D Y, Hammoud F. et al . Meta-analysis: proton pump inhibitor or H 2-receptor antagonist for Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  17 1229-1236
    Google Scholar
  • 327 Huang J, Hunt R H. The importance of clarithromycin dose in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis of triple therapies with a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxycillin or metronidazole.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;  13 719-729
    Google Scholar
  • 328 Treiber G. The influence of drug dosage on Helicobacter pylori eradication: a cost-effectiveness analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1996;  91 246-257
    Google Scholar
  • 329 Treiber G. Treating H. pylori shorter than one week – a real future perspective?.  Z Gastroenterol. 2000;  38 807-812
    Google Scholar
  • 330 Unge P. Antimicrobial treatment of H. pylori infection – a pooled efficacy analysis of eradication therapies.  Eur J Surg Suppl. 1998;  582 16-26
    Google Scholar
  • 331 Ford A C, Delaney B C. et al . Eradication therapy in Helicobacter pylori positive peptic ulcer disease: systematic review and economic analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;  99 1833-1855
    Google Scholar
  • 332 Gene E, Calvet X. et al . Triple vs. quadruple therapy for treating Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  17 1137-1143
    Google Scholar
  • 333 Kist M. Helicobacter pylori: primary antimicrobial resistance and first-line treatment strategies.  Euro Surveill. 2007;  12 E1-E2
    Google Scholar
  • 334 Taylor J L, Zagari M. et al . Pharmacoeconomic comparison of treatments for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.  Arch Intern Med. 1997;  157 87-97
    Google Scholar
  • 335 Wolle K, Leodolter A. et al . Antibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori in Germany: stable primary resistance from 1995 to 2000.  J Med Microbiol. 2002;  51 705-709
    Google Scholar
  • 336 Fischbach L A, Zanten van S. et al . Meta-analysis: the efficacy, adverse events, and adherence related to first-line anti-Helicobacter pylori quadruple therapies.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;  20 1071-1082
    Google Scholar
  • 337 Neville P M, Everett S. et al . The optimal antibiotic combination in a 5-day Helicobacter pylori eradication regimen.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;  13 497-501
    Google Scholar
  • 338 Treiber G, Wittig J. et al . Clinical outcome and influencing factors of a new short-term quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized controlled trial (MACLOR study).  Arch Intern Med. 2002;  162 153-160
    Google Scholar
  • 339 Vaira D, Zullo A. et al . Sequential therapy versus standard triple-drug therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized trial.  Ann Intern Med. 2007;  146 556-563
    Google Scholar
  • 340 Zullo A, De Francesco V. et al . The sequential therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a pooled-data analysis.  Gut. 2007;  56 1353-1357
    Google Scholar
  • 341 Treiber G, Malfertheiner P. et al . Treatment and dosing of Helicobacter pylori infection: when pharmacology meets clinic.  Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007;  8 329-350
    Google Scholar
  • 342 Janssen M J, Laheij R J. et al . Meta-analysis: the influence of pre-treatment with a proton pump inhibitor on Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;  21 341-345
    Google Scholar
  • 343 Klotz U, Schwab M. et al . CYP2C19 polymorphism and proton pump inhibitors.  Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;  95 2-8
    Google Scholar
  • 344 Bortoli de N, Leonardi G. et al . Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized prospective study of triple therapy versus triple therapy plus lactoferrin and probiotics.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;  102 951-956
    Google Scholar
  • 345 Gotteland M, Brunser O. et al . Systematic review: are probiotics useful in controlling gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori?.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  23 1077-1086
    Google Scholar
  • 346 Tong J L, Ran Z H. et al . Meta-analysis: the effect of supplementation with probiotics on eradication rates and adverse events during Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;  25 55-68
    Google Scholar
  • 347 Leodolter A, Kulig M. et al . A meta-analysis comparing eradication, healing and relapse rates in patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric or duodenal ulcer.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2001;  15 1949-1958
    Google Scholar
  • 348 Treiber G, Lambert J R. The impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on peptic ulcer healing.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;  93 1080-1084
    Google Scholar
  • 349 Adamek R J, Opferkuch W. et al . Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection: role of duration of treatment with omeprazole and amoxicillin.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1996;  91 98-100
    Google Scholar
  • 350 Wouden E J, Thijs J C. et al . The influence of in vitro nitroimidazole resistance on the efficacy of nitroimidazole-containing anti-Helicobacter pylori regimens: a meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;  94 1751-1759
    Google Scholar
  • 351 Gisbert J P, Pajares J M. Helicobacter pylori „rescue” therapy after failure of two eradication treatments.  Helicobacter. 2005;  10 363-372
    Google Scholar
  • 352 Gisbert J P, Morena van der F. Systematic review and meta-analysis: levofloxacin-based rescue regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  23 35-44
    Google Scholar
  • 353 Miehlke S, Schneider-Brachert W, Kirsch C. et al . One-week once-daily triple therapy with esomeprazole, moxifloxacin, and rifabutin for eradication of persistent Helicobacter pylori resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin.  Helicobacter. 2008;  13 69-74
    Google Scholar
  • 354 Yuan Y, Thabane L. et al . Levofloxacin-based rescue regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure: how strong is the evidence?.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  23 1283-1285; author reply 1285 – 1286
    Google Scholar
  • 355 Koletzko S, Feydt-Schmidt A. Infants differ from teenagers: use of non-invasive tests for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001;  13 1047-1052
    Google Scholar
  • 356 Jones N, Fallone C, Flook N. et al . Consensus Conference: Update on the Management of Helicobacter pylori – An evidence-based evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection and clinical sequelae in children and adolescents.  Can J Gastroenterol. 2005;  19 398-408
    Google Scholar
  • 357 Drumm B, Koletzko S, Oderda G. Helicobacter pylori infection in children: A consensus statement.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;  30 207-213
    Google Scholar
  • 358 Koletzko S, Richy F, Bontems P. et al . Prospective multicenter study on antibiotic resistance of Helicbacter pylori strains obtained from children living in Europe.  Gut. 2006;  55 1711-1716
    Google Scholar
  • 359 Kurugoglu S, Mihmanli I, Celkan T. et al . Radiological features in paediatric primary gastric MALT lymphoma and association with Helicobacter pylori.  Pediatr Radiol. 2002;  32 82-87
    Google Scholar
  • 360 Lionetti E, Miniello V L, Castellaneta S P. et al . Lactobacillus reuteri therapy to reduce side-effects during anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment in children: a randomized placebo controlled trial.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;  24 1461-1468
    Google Scholar
  • 361 Khurana R, Fischbach L, Chiba N. et al . Meta-analysis: Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment efficacy in children.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;  25 523-536
    Google Scholar
  • 362 Oderda G, Shcherbakov P, Bontems P. et al . Results from the pediatric European register for treatment of Helicobacter pylori (PERTH).  Helicobacter. 2007;  12 150-156
    Google Scholar
  • 363 Feydt-Schmidt A, Kindermann A, Konstantopoulos N. et al . Reinfection rate in children after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;  14 1119-1123
    Google Scholar
  • 364 Rowland M, Kumar D, Daly L. et al . Low rates of Helicobacter pylori reinfection in children.  Gastroenterology. 1999;  117 336-341
    Google Scholar
  • 365 Rasquin A, Di Lorenzo C, Forbes D. et al . Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: child/adolescent.  Gastroenterology. 2006;  130 1527-1537
    Google Scholar
  • 366 Kohli R, Li B UK. Differential diagnosis of recurrent abdominal pain: new considerations.  Pediatric Annals. 2004;  33 113-122
    Google Scholar
  • 367 Chitkara D K, Rawat D J, Talley N J. The epidemiology of childhood recurrent abdominal pain in Western countries: a systematic review.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;  100 1868-1875
    Google Scholar
  • 368 Hyams J S, Burke G, Davis P M. et al . Abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in adolescents: a community-based study.  J Pediatr. 1996;  129 220-226
    Google Scholar
  • 369 Apley J, Naish N. Recurrent abdominal pains: A field survey of 1,000 school children.  Arch Dis Child. 1958;  33 165-170
    Google Scholar
  • 370 Tindberg Y, Nyren O, Blennow M. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection and abdominal symptoms among Swedish school children.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005;  41 33-38
    Google Scholar
  • 371 Falsafi T, Valizadeh N, Sepehr S. et al . Application of a stool antigen test to evaluate the incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents from Tehran, Iran.  Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2005;  12 1094-1097
    Google Scholar
  • 372 Leandro Liberato S V, Hernandez Galindo M, Torroba Alvarez L. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection in the child population in Spain: prevalence, related factors and influence on growth.  Ann Pediatr. 2005;  63 489-494
    Google Scholar
  • 373 Bode G, Brenner H, Adler G. et al . Recurrent abdominal pain in children: evidence from a population-based study that social and familial factors play a major role but not Helicobacter pylori infection.  J Psychosom Res. 2003;  54 417-421
    Google Scholar
  • 374 Bode G, Rothenbacher D, Brenner H. et al . Helicobacter pylori and abdominal symptoms: a population-based study among preschool children in southern Germany.  Pediatrics. 1998;  101 634-637
    Google Scholar
  • 375 Macarthur C, Saunders N, Feldman W. Helicobacter pylori, gastroduodenal disease, and recurrent abdominal pain in children.  JAMA. 1995;  273 729-734
    Google Scholar
  • 376 Macarthur C, Saunders N, Feldman W. et al . Helicobacter pylori and childhood recurrent abdominal pain: community based case-control study.  BMJ. 1999;  319 822-823
    Google Scholar
  • 377 Kalach N, Mention K, Guimber D. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection is not associated with specific symptoms in nonulcer-dyspeptic children.  Pediatrics. 2005;  115 17-21
    Google Scholar
  • 378 Das B K, Kakkar S, Dixit V K. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection and recurrent abdominal pain in children.  J Trop Pediatr. 2003;  49 250-252
    Google Scholar
  • 379 Frank F, Stricker T, Stallmach T. et al . Helicobacter pylori infection in recurrent abdominal pain.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;  31 424-427
    Google Scholar
  • 380 Wewer V, Andersen L P, Paerregaard A. et al . Treatment of Helicobacter pylori in children with recurrent abdominal pain.  Helicobacter. 2001;  6 244-248
    Google Scholar
  • 381 Alfven G. One hundred cases of recurrent abdominal pain in children: diagnostic procedures and criteria for a psychosomatic diagnosis.  Acta Paediatr. 2003;  92 43-49
    Google Scholar
  • 382 Ukarapol N, Lertprasertsuk N, Wongsawasdi L. Recurrent abdominal pain in children: the utility of upper endoscopy and histopathology.  Singapore Med J. 2004;  45 121-124
    Google Scholar
  • 383 Ashorn M, Rago T, Kokkonen J. et al . Symptomatic response to Helicobacter pylori eradication in children with recurrent abdominal pain: double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.  J Clin Gastroenterol. 2004;  38 646-650
    Google Scholar
  • 384 Rafeey M, Jafari-Rouhi A H, Gassemi B A. et al . Relationship between endoscopic nodular gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  Indian J Gastroenterol. 2004;  23 138-139
    Google Scholar
  • 385 Bahu M G, da Silveira T R, Maguilnick I. et al . Endoscopic nodular gastritis: an endoscopic indicator of high-grade bacterial colonization and severe gastritis in children with Helicobacter pylori.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003;  36 217-222
    Google Scholar
  • 386 Luzza F, Pensabene L, Imeneo M. et al . Antral nodularity and positive CagA serology are distinct and relevant markers of severe gastric inflammation in children with Helicobacter pylori infection.  Helicobacter. 2002;  7 46-52
    Google Scholar
  • 387 Ganga Z P, Michaud L, Vincent P. et al . Natural outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic children: a two-year follow-up study.  Pediatrics. 1999;  104 216-221
    Google Scholar
  • 388 Barabino A, Dufour C, Marino C E. et al . Unexplained refractory iron-deficiency anemia associated with Helicobacter pylori gastric infection in children: Further clinical evidence.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999;  28 (1) 116-119
    Google Scholar
  • 389 Ashorn M, Ruuska T, Makipernaa A. Helicobacter pylori and iron deficiency anaemia in children.  Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001;  36 701-705
    Google Scholar
  • 390 Choe Y H, Lee J E, Kim S K. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on sideropenic refractory anaemia in adolescent girls with Helicobacter pylori infection.  Acta Paediatr. 2000;  89 154-157
    Google Scholar
  • 391 Choe Y H, Kim S K, Son B K. et al . Randomized placebo-controlled trial of Helicobacter pylori eradication for iron-deficiency anemia in preadolescent children and adolescents.  Helicobacter. 1999;  4 135-139
    Google Scholar
  • 392 Emin-Kurekci A, Avni-Atay A, Umit-Sarici S. et al . Is there a relationship between childhood Helicobacter pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia?.  J Trop Pediatr. 2005;  51 166-169
    Google Scholar
  • 393 Gessner B D, Baggett H C, Muth P T. et al . A controlled, household-randomized, open-label trial of the effect that treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection has on iron deficiency in children in rural Alaska.  J Infect Dis. 2006;  193 537-546
    Google Scholar
  • 394 Kerr J G, Al-Khattaf A, Barson A J. et al . An association between sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and Helicobacter pylori infection.  Arch Dis Child. 2000;  83 429-434
    Google Scholar
  • 395 Karlidag T, Bulut Y, Keles E. et al . Detection of Helicobacter pylori in children with otitis media with effusion: a preliminary report.  Laryngoscope. 2005;  115 1262-1265
    Google Scholar
  • 396 Koletzko S, Konstantopoulos N, Lehn N. et al . Control your controls and conclusions.  Arch Dis Child. 2001;  84 525
    Google Scholar
  • 397 Bitar M, Mahfouz R, Soweid A. et al . Does Helicobacter pylori colonize the nasopharynx of children and contribute to their middle ear disease?.  Acta Otolaryngol. 2006;  126 154-159
    Google Scholar
  • 398 Vaira D, Menegatti M, Salardi S. et al . Helicobacter pylori and diminished growth in children: is it simply a marker of deprivation?.  Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998;  30 129-133
    Google Scholar
  • 399 Richter T, Richter T, List S. et al . Five- to 7-year-old children with Helicobacter pylori infection are smaller than Helicobacter-negative children: a cross-sectional population-based study of 3,315 children.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001;  33 472-475
    Google Scholar
  • 400 Oderda G, Palli D, Saieva C. et al . Short stature and Helicobacter pylori infection in italian children: prospective multicentre hospital based case-control study. The Italian Study Group on Short Stature and H pylori.  BMJ. 1998;  317 514-515
    Google Scholar
  • 401 Pitkaranta A, Kolho K L, Rautelin H. Helicobacter pylori in children who are prone to upper respiratory tract infections.  Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;  131 256-258
    Google Scholar
  • 402 Kindermann A, Demmelmair H, Koletzko B. et al . Influence of age on 13C-urea breath test results in children.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;  30 85-91
    Google Scholar
  • 403 Cadranel S, Corvaglia L, Bontems P. et al . Detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children with standardized and simplified 13C-urea breath test.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998;  27 275-280
    Google Scholar
  • 404 Megraud F. Comparison of non-invasive tests to detect Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents: results of a multicenter European study.  J Pediatr. 2005;  146 198-203
    Google Scholar
  • 405 Kato S, Ozawa K, Konno M. et al . Diagnostic accuracy of the 13C-urea breath test for childhood Helicobacter pylori infection: a multicenter Japanese study.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;  97 1668-1673
    Google Scholar
  • 406 Herold R, Becker M. 13C-urea breath test threshold calculation and evaluation for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  BMC Gastroenterol. 2002;  2 12
    Google Scholar
  • 407 Koletzko S. Noninvasive diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  Can J Gastroenterol. 2005;  19 433-439
    Google Scholar
  • 408 Imrie C, Rowland M, Bourke B. et al . Limitations to carbon 13-labeled urea breath testing for Helicobacter pylori in infants.  J Pediatr. 2001;  139 734-737
    Google Scholar
  • 409 Klein P D, Malaty H M, Czinn S J. et al . Normalizing results of 13C-urea breath testing for CO 2 production rates in children.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999;  29 297-301
    Google Scholar
  • 410 Graham D Y, Opekun A R, Jogi M. et al . False negative urea breath tests with H 2-receptor antagonists: interactions between Helicobacter pylori density and pH.  Helicobacter. 2004;  9 17-27
    Google Scholar
  • 411 Graham D Y, Opekun A R, Hammoud F. et al . Studies regarding the mechanism of false negative urea breath tests with proton pump inhibitors.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;  98 1005-1009
    Google Scholar
  • 412 Megraud F. Non-invasive tests to detect Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents: results of a multicentric European study.  J Pediatr. 2005;  146 198-203
    Google Scholar
  • 413 Koletzko S, Konstantopoulos N, Bosman D. et al . Evaluation of a novel monoclonal enzyme immunoassay for detection of Helicobacter pylori antigen in stool from children.  Gut. 2003;  52 804-806
    Google Scholar
  • 414 Schwarzer A, Lottspeich C, Russmann H. et al . Evaluation of a novel rapid one-step monoclonal chromatographic immunoassay for detection of Helicobacter pylori in stool from children.  Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;  26 475-480
    Google Scholar
  • 415 Hino B, Eliakim R, Levine A. et al . Comparison of invasive and non-invasive tests diagnosis and monitoring of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2004;  39 519-523
    Google Scholar
  • 416 Gisbert J P, Morena de la F, Abraira V. Accuracy of monoclonal stool antigen test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;  101 1921-1930
    Google Scholar
  • 417 Konstantopoulos N, Russmann H, Tasch C. et al . Evaluation of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (HpSA) for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;  96 677-683
    Google Scholar
  • 418 Makristathis A, Barousch W, Pasching E. et al . Two enzyme immunoassays and PCR for detection of Helicobacter pylori in stool specimens from Pediatric Patients before and after eradication therapy.  J Clin Microbiol. 2000;  38 3710-3714
    Google Scholar
  • 419 Antos D, Crone J, Konstantopoulos N. et al . Evaluation of a novel rapid one-step immunochromatographic assay for detection of monoclonal Helicobacter pylori antigen in stool samples from children.  J Clin Microbiol. 2005;  43 2598-2601
    Google Scholar
  • 420 Lottspeich C, Schwarzer A, Panthel K. et al . Evaluation of the novel Helicobacter pylori ClariRes real-time PCR assay for detection and clarithromycin susceptibility testing of H. pylori in stool specimens from symptomatic children.  J Clin Microbiol. 2007;  45 1718-1722
    Google Scholar
  • 421 Oliveira A MR, Rocha G A, Queiroz D M. et al . Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children from different age groups with and without duodenal ulcer (see comments).  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999;  28 157-161
    Google Scholar
  • 422 Kindermann A, Konstantopoulos N, Lehn N. et al . Evaluation of two commercial enzyme immunoassays, testing immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA responses, for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  J Clin Microbiol. 2001;  39 3591-3596
    Google Scholar
  • 423 Rocha G A, Oliveira A M, Queiroz D M. et al . Immunoblot analysis of humoral immune response to Helicobacter pylori in children with and without duodenal ulcer.  J Clin Microbiol. 2000;  38 1777-1781
    Google Scholar
  • 424 Ni Y H, Lin J T, Huang S F. et al . Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection by stool antigen test and 6 other currently available tests in children (see comments).  J Pediatr. 2000;  136 823-827
    Google Scholar
  • 425 Raymond J, Sauvestre C, Kalach N. et al . Immunoblotting and serology for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;  19 118-121
    Google Scholar
  • 426 Raymond J, Sauvestre C, Kalach N. et al . Evaluation of a new serologic test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999;  18 192-198
    Google Scholar
  • 427 Kalach N, Benhamou P H, Campeotto F. et al . Clarithromycin resistance and eradication of Helicobacter pylori in children.  Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001;  45 2134-2135
    Google Scholar
  • 428 Wolle K, Leodolter A, Malfertheiner P. et al . Antibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori in Germany: stable primary resistance from 1995 to 2000.  J Med Microbiol. 2002;  51 705-709
    Google Scholar
  • 429 Pohle T, Stoll R, Kirchner T. et al . Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with lansoprazole, roxithromycin and metronidazole – an open pilot study.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1998;  12 1273-1278
    Google Scholar
  • 430 Megraud F, Lehn N, Lind T. et al . Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori in a large multicenter trial: the MACH 2 study.  Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;  43 2747-2752
    Google Scholar
  • 431 Arenz T, Antos D, Russmann H. et al . Esomeprazole-based 1-week triple therapy directed by susceptibility testing for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006;  43 180-184
    Google Scholar
  • 432 Feydt-Schmidt A, Russmann H, Lehn N. et al . Fluorescence in situ hybridization vs. epsilometer test for detection of clarithromycin-susceptible and clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori strains in gastric biopsies from children.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;  16 2073-2079
    Google Scholar
  • 433 Rüssmann H, Feydt-Schmidt A, Adler K. et al . Detection of Helicobacter pylori in paraffin-embedded and in shock-frozen gastric biopsy samples by fluorescent in situ hybridization.  J Clin Microbiol. 2003;  41 813-815
    Google Scholar
  • 434 Drumm B, Rhoads J M, Stringer D A. et al . Peptic ulcer disease in children: etiology, clinical findings, and clinical course.  Pediatrics. 1988;  82 410-414
    Google Scholar
  • 435 Kivi M, Tindberg Y, Sorberg M. et al . Concordance of Helicobacter pylori strains within families.  J Clin Microbiol. 2003;  41 5604-5608
    Google Scholar
  • 436 Crone J, Granditsch G, Huber W D. et al . Helicobacter pylori in children and adolescents: increase of primary clarithromycin resistance, 1997 – 2000.  J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003;  36 368-371
    Google Scholar
  • 437 Francavilla R, Lionetti E, Castellaneta S P. et al . Improved efficacy of 10-Day sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children: a randomized trial.  Gastroenterology. 2005;  129 1414-1419
    Google Scholar
  • 438 Zullo A, Francesco, V. et al . The sequential therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a pooled-data analysis.  Gut. 2007;  56 1353-1357
    Google Scholar
  • 439 Miehlke S, Kirsch C, Schneider-Brachert W. et al . A prospective, randomized study of quadruple therapy and high-dose dual therapy for treatment of Helicobacter pylori resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin.  Helicobacter. 2003;  8 310-319
    Google Scholar
  • 440 Gatta L, Vakil N, Ricci C. et al . Effect of proton pump inhibitors and antacid therapy on 13C urea breath tests and stool test for Helicobacter pylori infection.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;  99 823-829
    Google Scholar
  • 441 Miehlke S, Bayerdorffer E, Lehn N. et al . Recurrence of duodenal ulcers during five years of follow-up after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection.  Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1995;  7 975-978
    Google Scholar
  • 442 Kalach N, Bergeret M, Benhamou P H. et al . High levels of resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori strains in children.  J Clin Microbiol. 2001;  39 394-397
    Google Scholar
  • 443 Hansen J M, Hallas J, Lauritsen J M. et al . Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and ulcer complications: a risk factor analysis for clinical decision-making.  Scand J Gastroenterol. 1996;  31 126-130
    Google Scholar
  • 444 Hernandez-Diaz S, Rodriguez L A. Association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding/perforation: an overview of epidemiologic studies published in the 1990 s.  Arch Intern Med. 2000;  160 2093-2099
    Google Scholar
  • 445 Hawkey C J, Weinstein W M, Smalley W. et al . Effect of Risk Factors on Complicated and Uncomplicated Ulcers in the TARGET Lumiracoxib Outcomes Study.  Gastroenterology. 2007;  133 57-64
    Google Scholar
  • 446 Henry D, Lim L L, Garcia Rodriguez L A. et al . Variability in risk of gastrointestinal complications with individual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: results of a collaborative meta-analysis.  BMJ. 1996;  312 1563-1566
    Google Scholar
  • 447 Weil J, Langman M J, Wainwright P. et al . Peptic ulcer bleeding: accessory risk factors and interactions with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.  Gut. 2000;  46 27-31
    Google Scholar
  • 448 Scheiman J M, Yeomans N D, Talley N J. et al . Prevention of ulcers by esomeprazole in at-risk patients using non-selective NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors.  Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;  101 701-710
    Google Scholar
  • 449 Miyake K, Ueki N, Suzuki K. et al . Preventive therapy for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the current situation and a prospective controlled-study of the preventive effects of lansoprazole or famotidine.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;  21 (Suppl 2) 67-72
    Google Scholar
  • 450 Stupnicki T, Dietrich K, Gonzalez-Carro P. et al . Efficacy and tolerability of pantoprazole compared with misoprostol for the prevention of NSAID-related gastrointestinal lesions and symptoms in rheumatic patients.  Digestion. 2003;  68 198-208
    Google Scholar
  • 451 Labenz J, Blum A L, Bolten W W. et al . Primary prevention of diclofenac associated ulcers and dyspepsia by omeprazole or triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori positive patients: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, clinical trial.  Gut. 2002;  51 329-335
    Google Scholar
  • 452 Graham D Y, Agrawal N M, Campbell D R. et al . Ulcer prevention in long-term users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: results of a double-blind, randomized, multicenter, active- and placebo-controlled study of misoprostol vs lansoprazole.  Arch Intern Med. 2002;  162 169-175
    Google Scholar
  • 453 Silverstein F E, Faich G, Goldstein J L. et al . Gastrointestinal toxicity with celecoxib vs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: the CLASS study: A randomized controlled trial. Celecoxib Long-term Arthritis Safety Study.  JAMA. 2000;  284 1247-1255
    Google Scholar
  • 454 Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A. et al . Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group.  N Engl J Med. 2000;  343 1520-1528
    Google Scholar
  • 455 Chan F K, Hung L C, Suen B Y. et al . Celecoxib versus diclofenac and omeprazole in reducing the risk of recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients with arthritis.  N Engl J Med. 2002;  347 2104-2110
    Google Scholar
  • 456 Chan F K, Hung L C, Suen B Y. et al . Celecoxib versus diclofenac plus omeprazole in high-risk arthritis patients: results of a randomized double-blind trial.  Gastroenterology. 2004;  127 1038-1043
    Google Scholar
  • 457 Hooper L, Brown T J, Elliott R. et al . The effectiveness of five strategies for the prevention of gastrointestinal toxicity induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: systematic review.  BMJ. 2004;  329 948
    Google Scholar
  • 458 Kearney P M, Baigent C, Godwin J. et al . Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials.  BMJ. 2006;  332 1302-1308
    Google Scholar
  • 459 Rostom A, Muir K, Dube C. et al . Gastrointestinal safety of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: a Cochrane Collaboration systematic review.  Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;  5 818-828, 828 e811 – 815; quiz 768
    Google Scholar
  • 460 Chan F K, Wong V W, Suen B Y. et al . Combination of a cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor and a proton-pump inhibitor for prevention of recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients at very high risk: a double-blind, randomised trial.  Lancet. 2007;  369 1621-1626
    Google Scholar
  • 461 Goldstein J L, Cryer B, Amer F. et al . Celecoxib plus aspirin versus naproxen and lansoprazole plus aspirin: a randomized, double-blind, endoscopic trial.  Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;  5 1167-1174
    Google Scholar
  • 462 Stack W A, Atherton J C, Hawkey G M. et al . Interactions between Helicobacter pylori and other risk factors for peptic ulcer bleeding.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;  16 497-506
    Google Scholar
  • 463 Chan F K, To K F, Wu J C. et al . Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and risk of peptic ulcers in patients starting long-term treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a randomised trial.  Lancet. 2002;  359 9-13
    Google Scholar
  • 464 Lai K C, Lau C S, Ip W Y. et al . Effect of treatment of Helicobacter pylori on the prevention of gastroduodenal ulcers in patients receiving long-term NSAIDs: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  17 799-805
    Google Scholar
  • 465 Vergara M, Catalan M, Gisbert J P. et al . Meta-analysis: role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the prevention of peptic ulcer in NSAID users.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;  21 1411-1418
    Google Scholar
  • 466 Lai K C, Lam S K, Chu K M. et al . Lansoprazole reduces ulcer relapse after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users – a randomized trial.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;  18 829-836
    Google Scholar
  • 467 Hawkey C J, Tulassay Z, Szczepanski L. et al . Randomised controlled trial of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: HELP NSAIDs study. Helicobacter Eradication for Lesion Prevention.  Lancet. 1998;  352 1016-1021
    Google Scholar
  • 468 Chan F K, Chung S C, Suen B Y. et al . Preventing recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who are taking low-dose aspirin or naproxen.  N Engl J Med. 2001;  344 967-973
    Google Scholar
  • 469 Weil J, Colin-Jones D, Langman M. et al . Prophylactic aspirin and risk of peptic ulcer bleeding.  BMJ. 1995;  310 827-830
    Google Scholar
  • 470 Kelly J P, Kaufman D W, Jurgelon J M. et al . Risk of aspirin-associated major upper-gastrointestinal bleeding with enteric-coated or buffered product.  Lancet. 1996;  348 1413-1416
    Google Scholar
  • 471 Slattery J, Warlow C P, Shorrock C J. et al . Risks of gastrointestinal bleeding during secondary prevention of vascular events with aspirin – analysis of gastrointestinal bleeding during the UK-TIA trial.  Gut. 1995;  37 509-511
    Google Scholar
  • 472 Yeomans N D, Lanas A I, Talley N J. et al . Prevalence and incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers during treatment with vascular protective doses of aspirin.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;  22 795-801
    Google Scholar
  • 473 Lanas A, Fuentes J, Benito R. et al . Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking low-dose aspirin.  Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;  16 779-786
    Google Scholar
  • 474 Lai K C, Lam S K, Chu K M. et al . Lansoprazole for the prevention of recurrences of ulcer complications from long-term low-dose aspirin use.  N Engl J Med. 2002;  346 2033-2038
    Google Scholar
  • 475 Chan F K, Ching J Y, Hung L C. et al . Clopidogrel versus aspirin and esomeprazole to prevent recurrent ulcer bleeding.  N Engl J Med. 2005;  352 238-244
    Google Scholar
  • 476 Lai K C, Chu K M, Hui W M. et al . Esomeprazole with aspirin versus clopidogrel for prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal ulcer complications.  Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;  4 860-865
    Google Scholar
  • 477 Hallas J, Dall M, Andries A. et al . Use of single and combined antithrombotic therapy and risk of serious upper gastrointestinal bleeding: population based case-control study.  BMJ. 2006;  333 726
    Google Scholar
  • 478 Summers R W, Switz D M, Sessions J T. et al . National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study: results of drug treatment.  Gastroenterology. 1979;  77 847-869
    Google Scholar
  • 479 Malchow Jr H, Ewe K, Brandes J W. et al . European Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (ECCDS): results of drug treatment.  Gastroenterology. 1984;  86 249-266
    Google Scholar
  • 480 Guslandi M, Tittobello A. Symptomatic response to omeprazole in inflammatory bowel disease.  J Clin Gastroenterol. 1996;  22 159-160
    Google Scholar
  • 481 Dickinson J B. Is omeprazole helpful in inflammatory bowel disease?.  J Clin Gastroenterol. 1994;  18 317-319
    Google Scholar
  • 482 Cheung A N, Ng I O. Cytomegalovirus infection of the gastrointestinal tract in non-AIDS patients.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;  88 1882-1886
    Google Scholar
  • 483 Dorigo-Zetsma J W, Meer J T, Tersmette van der M. et al . Value of laboratory investigations in clinical suspicion of cytomegalovirus-induced upper gastrointestinal tract ulcerations in HIV-infected patients.  J Med Virol. 1996;  49 29-33
    Google Scholar
  • 484 Peter A, Telkes G, Varga M. et al . Endoscopic diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection of upper gastrointestinal tract in solid organ transplant recipients: Hungarian single-center experience.  Clin Transplant. 2004;  18 580-584
    Google Scholar
  • 485 Pruitt B A, Foley F D, Moncrief J A. Curling’s ulcer: a clinical-pathology study of 323 cases.  Ann Surg. 1970;  172 523-539
    Google Scholar
  • 486 Cook D J, Fuller H D, Guyatt G H. et al . Risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients. Canadian Critical Care Trials Group.  N Engl J Med. 1994;  330 377-381
    Google Scholar
  • 487 Cook D J, Reeve B K, Guyatt G H. et al . Stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients. Resolving discordant meta-analyses.  Jama. 1996;  275 308-314
    Google Scholar
  • 488 Tryba Jr M, Cook D. Current guidelines on stress ulcer prophylaxis.  Drugs. 1997;  54 581-596
    Google Scholar
  • 489 Rosen H R, Vlahakes G J, Rattner D W. Fulminant peptic ulcer disease in cardiac surgical patients: pathogenesis, prevention, and management.  Crit Care Med. 1992;  20 354-359
    Google Scholar
  • 490 Janicki T, Stewart S. Stress-ulcer prophylaxis for general medical patients: a review of the evidence.  J Hosp Med. 2007;  2 86-92
    Google Scholar

Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Fischbach

Medizinische Klinik II und Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Klinikum Aschaffenburg, Akad. Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Würzburg

Am Hasenkopf

63739 Aschaffenburg

Phone: ++ 49/60 21/32 30 10

Fax: 49/60 21/32 30 31

Email: med2-aschaffenburg@t-online.de