Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Eine neue Ultraschalltechnik, die Echtzeit-Sonoelastografie (SE), ermöglicht die Messung von Gewebeelastizität und hat bereits gute Ergebnisse in der Diagnostik von Tumoren der Brust, Prostata und Schilddrüse erbracht. In dieser Studie wurde die Wertigkeit der SE in Achillessehnen im Vergleich zur klinischen Untersuchung und zum konventionellen B-Bild-Ultraschall (US) untersucht. Material und Methoden: Achillessehnen von 25 konsekutiven Patienten mit chronischer Achillestendinopathie und 25 Normalprobanden wurden mittels klinischer Diagnose, US und SE untersucht. Ergebnisse: Achillessehnen von Normalprobanden zeigten eine deutlich härtere Struktur (93 % hart), wobei Patienten vermehrt ausgeprägt weiche Areale aufwiesen (57 %). SE entdeckte eine häufigere Mitbeteiligung des mittleren Sehnendrittels (80 %) und des distalen Drittels (64 %) im Vergleich zum proximalen Drittel (28 %). Mit der klinischen Diagnose als Referenzstandard konnte eine mittlere Sensitivität von 94 %, eine Spezifität von 99 % und eine Genauigkeit von 97 % gefunden werden. Die Korrelation zum US betrug 0,89. Diskret weichere Achillessehnenareale wurden in 7 % von Normalprobanden und in 11 % von Patienten gefunden. Schlussfolgerung: Unsere Resultate haben gezeigt, dass deutliche Elastizitätsveränderungen mit der klinischen Untersuchung und der US-Diagnose vergleichbar sind. Ein diskretes Aufweichen der Sehne könnte allerdings mit ganz frühen Veränderungen im Rahmen einer Achillessehnen-Tendinopathie einhergehen; dies sollte aber in Follow-up-Studien noch untersucht werden.
Abstract
Purpose: Real-time sonoelastography (SE), a newly introduced ultrasound technique, has already shown conclusive results in breast, prostate, and thyroid tumor diagnostics. This study investigated the performance of SE for the differentiation of Achilles tendon alterations of tendinopathy compared to clinical examination and conventional ultrasound (US). Materials and Methods: Achilles tendons in 25 consecutive patients with chronic Achilles tendinopathy and 25 healthy volunteers were examined clinically by US and by SE. Results: In the healthy volunteers, SE showed the tendon to be hard (93 %), while distinct softening was found in 57 % of the patients. SE showed more frequent involvement of the distal (64 %) and middle third (80 %) than the proximal third (28 %) of the Achilles tendon. Using SE a mean sensitivity of 94 %, specificity of 99 %, and accuracy of 97 % were found when clinical examination was used as the reference standard. The correlation to US was 0.89. Mild softening was found in 7 % of the healthy volunteers and in 11 % of the patients. Conclusion: Our results emphasize that only distinct softening of Achilles tendons is comparable to clinical examination and US findings. However, mild softening might be explained by very early changes in tissue elasticity in the case of Achilles tendinopathy, which should be assessed in follow-up studies.
Key words
tendons - ultrasound - technology assessment - sonoelastography
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Univ. Doz. Dr. Andrea S. Klauser
Universitätsklinik für Radiodiagnostik, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck
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