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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214995
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Tuberkulose und Reisen[*]
Tuberculosis and TravellingPublikationsverlauf
eingereicht 7. 4. 2009
akzeptiert nach Revision 15. 7. 2009
Publikationsdatum:
11. September 2009 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die Tuberkulose (TB) war im Jahre 2007 in Deutschland mit 5020 gemeldeten Fällen (Inzidenz: 6,1 Neu-Erkrankungen pro 100 000 Einwohner) weiterhin rückläufig. 43,1 % dieser Personen kamen aus Ländern mit einer im Vergleich zu Deutschland höheren TB-Inzidenz. Doch nicht nur Migration, sondern auch Reisen von Menschen aus Niedrig- in Hoch-Inzidenz-Regionen der Welt sind mit einem erhöhten Risiko der Infektion mit M. tuberculosis (MTB) verbunden. Relativ selten kommt es zeitnah zu einer aktiven TB, häufiger jedoch zu einer latenten TB-Infektion (LTBI). Sowohl die akute TB als auch die LTBI, mit erst Jahre oder Jahrzehnte später möglicher Reaktivierung, können für den Einzelnen und das soziale Umfeld von erheblicher Bedeutung sein. Die frühzeitige Erkennung einer MTB-Infektion und deren mögliche Folgen sind für eine weiterhin erfolgreiche Bekämpfung tuberkulöser Erkrankungen entscheidend, insbesondere auch in Anbetracht des zunehmenden Reiseverkehrs.
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) in Germany in the year 2007 with 5020 reported cases (incidence: 6.1 newly diagnosed cases per 100 000 inhabitants) was continuously in decline. 43.1 % of these persons were from countries with a higher TB incidence as compared to Germany. However, not only migration but also personal journeys from low- to high-incidence countries carries an increased risk of infection with M. tuberculosis (MTB). An early active TB follows only rarely, more common, however, is a latent TB infection (LTBI). Not only the active form of TB but also LTBI, with a potential for reactivation years or decades later, can be of enormous relevance for the individual and the social environment. The early detection of an MTB infection and its possible sequelae are decisive for a continued successful battle against tuberculous diseases, especially in view of increasing travel activities.
1 Herrn Professor Dr. med. Joachim Schauer, unserem klinischen Lehrer, zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.
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1 Herrn Professor Dr. med. Joachim Schauer, unserem klinischen Lehrer, zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Gerhard Hoheisel
Innere Medizin, Pneumologie, Allergologie
August-Bebel-Str. 69
04275 Leipzig
eMail: gerhard.hoheisel@t-online.de