Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1217827
Chiral Acylation with N-(Protected α-Aminoacyl)benzotriazoles for Advantageous Syntheses of Peptides and Peptide Conjugates
Publication History
Publication Date:
28 August 2009 (online)
Abstract
N-(Protected α-aminoacyl)benzotriazoles are efficient intermediates for N- and O-aminoacylation. These intermediates enable fast preparations of biologically relevant peptides and peptide conjugates in high yields and purity, under mild reaction conditions, with full retention of the original chirality. The developed methodology allows simple solution- and solid-phase preparative techniques to generate complex peptides and peptide conjugates and serves as a platform for generating diverse medicinal chemistry building block libraries involving amino acid and heterocyclic moieties crucial for drug development.
1 Introduction
1.1 Background to Peptide Synthesis
1.2 Preparation of N-(Protected α-Aminoacyl)benzotriazoles
2 Peptide Coupling with Chiral N-(Protected α-Aminoacyl)benzotriazoles
2.1 Preparation of Dipeptides
2.2 Preparation of Tripeptides
2.2.1 Tripeptides by the Fragment-Coupling Procedure
2.2.2 Peptides by the Stepwise-Coupling Procedure
2.3 Preparation of Dipeptides Involving Sterically Hindered Amino Acids
2.4 Microwave-Assisted Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Utilizing N-(Protected α-Aminoacyl)benzotriazoles
3 Other N-Acylations Using Benzotriazole-Activated Intermediates
3.1 Glyco-Amino-Acids and Glycopeptides
3.2 Fluorescent Amino Acids and Peptides
3.3 Monosaccharide-Based Water-Soluble Fluorescent Tags
3.4 Chiral Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Monomers with Modified Backbones
3.5 Heterocyclic Amines
4 O-Aminoacylation with Chiral N-(Protected α-Aminoacyl)benzotriazoles
4.1 Steroid Esters of α-Amino Acids
4.2 Terpene Esters of α-Amino Acids and Esters Derived from Long-Chain Alcohols
4.3 O-(Aminoacyl)sugar Conjugates
5 Conclusion
Key words
N-(α-aminoacyl)benzotriazoles - N-aminoacylation - O-aminoacylation - peptides - peptoids
-
1a
Ghose AK.Viswanadhan VN.Wendoloski JJ. J. Comb. Chem. 1999, 1: 55 -
1b
Gill I.Lopez-Fandino R.Jorba X.Vulfson EN. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 1996, 18: 162 -
1c
Kasahara Y. Fragrance J. 2008, 36: 28 - 2
Bodanszky M.Klausner YS.Ondetti MA. Peptide Synthesis 2nd ed.: Wiley & Sons; New York: 1976. p.224 -
3a
Wipf P. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95: 2115 -
3b
Humphrey JM.Chamberlin AR. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97: 2243 -
3c
Fletcher MD.Campbell MM. Chem. Rev. 1998, 98: 763 - 4
Synthesis
of Peptides and Peptidomimetics, In Houben-Weyl
Methods of Organic Chemistry
Vols. E 22a and E 22b:
Goodman M.Felix A.Moroder L.Toniolo C. Thieme; Stuttgart: 2002. -
5a
Han S.-Y.Kim Y.-A. Tetrahedron 2004, 60: 2447 -
5b
Montalbetti CAGN.Falque V. Tetrahedron 2005, 61: 10827 -
6a
Iorga B.Campagne J.-M. Synlett 2004, 1826 -
6b
Gagnon P.Huang X.Therrien E.Keillor JW. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43: 7717 - 7
Carpino LA.El-Faham A. Tetrahedron 1999, 55: 6813 -
8a
Chinchilla R.Dodsworth DJ.Nájera C.Soriano JM. Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41: 2463 -
8b
Carpino LA.El-Faham A.Albericio F. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60: 3561 -
8c
Pudhom K.Vilaivan T. Synth. Commun. 2001, 31: 61 - 9
Albericio F.Bofill JM.El-Faham A.Kates SA. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63: 9678 - 10
Klose J.El-Faham A.Henklein P.Carpino LA.Bienert M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40: 2045 - 11
Carpino LA.El-Faham A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117: 5401 - 12
Nájera C. Synlett 2002, 1388 -
13a
Bofill JM.Albericio F. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40: 2641 -
13b
Dourtoglou V.Ziegler JC.Gross B. Tetrahedron Lett. 1978, 1269 -
13c
Knorr R.Trzeciak A.Bannwarth W.Gillessen D. Tetrahedron Lett. 1989, 30: 1927 -
13d
Carpino LA.El-Faham A.Albericio F. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35: 2279 -
13e
Bailén MA.Chinchilla R.Dodsworth DJ.Nájera C. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64: 8936 -
13f
Albericio F.Bailén MA.Chinchilla R.Dodsworth DJ.Nájera C. Tetrahedron 2001, 57: 9607 -
14a
Li P.Xu JC. Tetrahedron 2000, 56: 4437 -
14b
Li P.Xu JC. Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41: 721 -
14c
El-Faham A.Khattab SN.Abdul-Ghani M.Albericio F. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 1563 - 15
Katritzky AR.Suzuki K.Singh SK. Synthesis 2004, 2645 - 16
Katritzky AR.Angrish P.Hur D.Suzuki K. Synthesis 2005, 397 - 17
Katritzky AR.Angrish P.Suzuki K. Synthesis 2006, 411 - 18
Katritzky AR.Meher G.Angrish P. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2006, 68: 326 - 19
Katritzky AR.Todadze E.Shestopalov AA.Cusido J.Angrish P. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2006, 68: 42 - 20
Katritzky AR.Todadze E.Cusido J.Angrish P.Shestopalov AA. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2006, 68: 37 -
21a
Katritzky AR.Khelashvili L.Munawar AM. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73: 9171 -
21b
Katritzky AR.Munawar AM.Kovacs J.Khelashvili L. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2009, 7: 2359 - 22
Li P.Xu JC. Tetrahedron 2000, 56: 9949 -
23a
Castro B.Dormoy JR.Evin G.Selve C. Tetrahedron Lett. 1975, 1219 -
23b
Castro B.Dormoy JR.Dourtoglou B.Evin G.Selve C.Ziegler JC. Synthesis 1976, 751 -
23c
Coste J.Le-Nguyen D.Castro B. Tetrahedron Lett. 1990, 31: 205 -
23d
Wang W.McMurray JS. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40: 2501 - 24
Paul R.Anderson GW. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82: 4596 -
25a
Pearson AJ.Roush WR. Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Activating Agents and Protecting Groups 1st ed.: Wiley & Sons; New York: 1999. p.370-373 -
25b
Carpino LA.Sadat-Aalaee D.Beyermann M. J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55: 1673 - 26
Carpino LA.Beyermann M.Wenschuh H.Bienert M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29: 268 - 27
Carpino LA.Sadat-Aalaee D.Chao HG.Deselms RH. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112: 9651 - 28
DalPozzo A.Ni M.Muzi L.Caporale A.de Castiglione R.Kaptein B.Broxterman QB.Formaggio F. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67: 6372 - 29
Saha AK.Schultz P.Rapoport H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111: 4856 - 30
Afarinkia K.Rees CW.Cadogan JIG. Tetrahedron 1990, 46: 7175 - 31
Ishihara K.Ohara S.Yamamoto H. Macromolecules 2000, 33: 3511 -
32a
Katritzky AR.He H.-Y.Suzuki K. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65: 8210 -
32b
Katritzky AR.Shobana N.Pernak J.Afridi AS.Fan W.-Q. Tetrahedron 1992, 48: 7817 -
32c
Katritzky AR.Suzuki K.Wang Z. Synlett 2005, 1656 - 33
Katritzky AR.Zhang Y.Singh SK. Synthesis 2003, 2795 - 34
Katritzky AR.Wang M.Yang H.Zhang S.Akhmedov NG. ARKIVOC 2002, (viii): 134 - 35
Katritzky AR.Singh A.Haase DN.Yoshioka M. ARKIVOC 2009, (viii): 47 - 36
Katritzky AR.Vincek AS.Suzuki K. ARKIVOC 2005, (v): 116 - 37
Katritzky AR.Angrish P. Steroids 2006, 71: 660 - 38
Katritzky AR.Meher G.Narindoshvili T. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73: 7153 - 39
Katritzky AR.Todadze E.Angrish P.Draghici B. J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72: 5794 - 40
Katritzky AR.Yoshioka M.Narindoshvili T.Chung A.Khashab NM. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2008, 72: 182 - 41
Katritzky AR.Narindoshvili T.Draghici B.Angrish P. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73: 511 -
42a
Wilczynski A.Wang XS.Bauzo RM.Xiang Z.Shaw AM.Millard WJ.Richards NG.Edison AS.Haskell-Luevano C. J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47: 5662 -
42b
Jia C.Qi W.He Z.Yang H.Qiao B. Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 2006, 4: 285 - 43
Wilczynski A.Wilson KR.Scott JW.Edison AS.Haskell-Luevano C. J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48: 3060 - 44
Monroc S.Feliu L.Planas M.Bardaji E. Synlett 2006, 1311 -
45a
Erdelyi M.Gogoll A. Synthesis 2002, 1592 -
45b
Gorske BC.Jewell SA.Guerard EJ.Blackwell HE. Org. Lett. 2005, 7: 1521 -
45c
Yu H.-M.Chen S.-T.Wang KT. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57: 4781 - 46
Matsushita T.Hinou H.Fumoto M.Kurogochi M.Fujitani N.Shimizu H.Nishimura S.-I. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71: 3051 -
47a
Katritzky AR.Khashab NM.Yoshioka M.Haase DN.Wilson KR.Johnson JV.Chung A.Haskell-Luevano C. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2007, 70: 465 -
47b
Katritzky AR.Haase DN.Johnson JV.Chung A. J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74: 2028 - 48
Varki A. Glycobiology 1993, 3: 97 - 49
Dwek RA. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96: 683 - 50
Kobata A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26: 319 -
51a
Meinjohanns E.Meldal M.Paulsen H.Dwek RA.Bock K. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1998, 549 -
51b
Bosques CJ.Tai VW.-F.Imperiali B. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42: 7207 - 52
Holm B.Linse S.Kihlberg J. Tetrahedron 1998, 54: 11995 -
53a
Arsequell G.Valencia G. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1999, 10: 3045 -
53b
Jobron L.Hummel G. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39: 1621 -
53c
Ameijde J.Albada HB.Liskamp RMJ. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 2002, 1042 - 54
Belleau B.Malek G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90: 1651 - 55
Sheehan JC.Hess GP. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77: 1067 - 56
Torres JL.Haro I.Bardaji E.Valencia G.Garcia-Anton JM.Reig F. Tetrahedron 1988, 44: 6131 - 57
Lam KS.Salmon SE.Hersh EM.Hruby VJ.Kazmierski WM.Knapp RJ. Nature (London) 1991, 354: 82 -
58a
St. Hilaire PM.Lowary TL.Meldal M.Bock K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120: 13312 -
58b
Ying L.Liu R.Zhang J.Lam K.Lebrilla CB.Gervay-Hague J. J. Comb. Chem. 2005, 7: 372 - 59
Katritzky AR.Narindoshvili T.Draghici B.Angrish P. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73: 511 - 60
Bejugam M.Flitsch SL. Org. Lett. 2004, 6: 4001 - 61
Eddaoudi M.Parrot-Lopez H.de Lamotte SFP.Ficheux D.Prognon P.Coleman AW. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1996, 1711 - 62
MacBeath G.Schreiber SL. Science 2000, 289: 1760 - 63
Mittoo S.Sundstrom LE.Bradley M. Anal. Biochem. 2003, 319: 234 - 64
Gaietta G.Deerinck TJ.Adams SR.Bouwer J.Tour O.Laird DW.Sosinsky GE.Tsien RY.Ellisman MH. Science 2002, 296: 503 - 65
Gatti R.Gioia MG.Andreatta P.Pentassuglia G. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2004, 35: 339 - 66
Cohen BE.Pralle A.Yao X.Swaminath G.Gandhi CS.Jan YN.Kobilka BK.Isacoff EY.Jan LY. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2005, 102: 965 - 67
Malkar NB.Fields GB. Lett. Pept. Sci. 2001, 7: 263 -
68a
Bennett FA.Barlow DJ.Dodoo ANO.Hider RC.Lansley AB.Lawrence MJ.Marriott C.Bansal SS. Anal. Biochem. 1999, 270: 15 -
68b
Brunet E.Alonso MT.Juanes O.Sedano R.Rodríguez-Ubis JC. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38: 4459 - 69
Katritzky AR.Narindoshvili T.Angrish P. Synthesis 2008, 2013 - 70
Katritzky AR.Yoshioka M.Narindoshvili T.Chung A.Johnson JV. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2008, 6: 4582 -
71a
Maggiora LL.Smith CW.Zhang Z.-Y. J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35: 3727 -
71b
de Silva AP.Gunaratne HQ.Gunnlaugsson T.Huxley AJM.McCoy CP.Rademacher JT.Rice TE. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97: 1515 -
71c
Trenor SR.Shultz AR.Love BJ.Long TE. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104: 3059 -
71d
Fernandez-Carneado J.Giralt E. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45: 6079 -
71e
Weber PJ.Bader JE.Folkers G.Beck-Sickinger AG. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1998, 8: 597 -
72a
Boons GJ. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1: 331 -
72b
Karlsson KA. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 1991, 12: 265 -
72c
Sharon N.Lis H. Sci. Am. 1993, 268: 82 - 73
Barkley A.Arya P. Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7: 555 -
74a
Fukuda M. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2002, 1573: 394 -
74b
Ohyama C.Tsuboi S.Fukuda M. EMBO J. 1999, 18: 1516 -
74c
Macmillan D.Daines AM. Curr. Med. Chem. 2003, 10: 2733 -
74d
Feizi T.Childs RA. Trends Biochem. Sci. 1985, 10: 24 -
74e
Park J.Lee HY.Cho M.-H.Park SB. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46: 2018 - 75
Katritzky AR.Cusido J.Narindoshvili T. Bioconjugate Chem. 2008, 19: 1471 - 76
Murdock DG.Christacos NC.Wallace DC. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000, 28: 4350 - 77
Ray A.Norden B. FASEB J. 2000, 14: 1041 -
78a
Boffa LC.Morris PL.Carpaneto EM.Louissaint M.Allfrey VG. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271: 13228 -
78b
Hanvey JC.Peffer NJ.Bisi JE.Thomson SA.Cadilla R.Josey JA.Ricca DJ.Hassman CF.Bonham MA.Au KG.Carter SG.Bruckenstein DA.Boyd AL.Noble SA.Babiss LE. Science 1992, 258: 1481 -
78c
Vickers TA.Griffith MC.Ramasamy K.Risen LM.Freier SM. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995, 23: 3003 -
78d
Koppelhus U.Nielsen PE. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2003, 55: 267 -
79a
Boei JJWA.Vermeulen S.Natarajan AT. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2000, 76: 163 -
79b
Graakjaer J.Pascoe L.Der-Sarkissian H.Thomas G.Kolvraa S.Christensen K.Londono-Vallejo J.-A. Aging Cell 2004, 3: 97 -
79c
Mathioudakis G.Storb R.McSweeney PA.Torok-Storb B.Lansdorp PM.Brummendorf TH.Gass MJ.Bryant EM.Storek J.Flowers MED.Gooley T.Nash RA. Blood 2000, 96: 3991 - 80
Porcheddu A.Giacomelli G. Curr. Med. Chem. 2005, 12: 2561 -
81a
Uhlmann E.Peyman A.Breipohl G.Will DW. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1998, 37: 2796 -
81b
Ganesh KN.Nielsen PE. Curr. Org. Chem. 2000, 4: 931 - 82
Katritzky AR.Narindoshvili T. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2008, 6: 3171 - 83
Hagmann WK,Delaszlo SE,Doherty G,Chang LL, andYang GX. inventors; PCT Int. Appl. WO 2001012183. ; Chem. Abstr. 2001, 134, 193737 - 84
Bowles SA,Floyd CD,Miller A,Whittaker M, andWood LM. inventors; PCT Int. Appl. WO 19939314069. ; Chem. Abstr. 1993, 120, 77276 - 85
Kubo A,Imashiro R,Sakurai H,Miyoshi H,Ogasawara A, andHiramatsu H. inventors; PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003035638. ; Chem. Abstr. 2003, 138, 353990 - 86
Dhanak D,Knight SD,Lu P,Morgans D, andYao B. inventors; PCT Int. Appl. WO 200310575. ; Chem. Abstr. 2003, 140, 42200 - 87
Zablocki JA,Tarlton E,Rizzi JP, andManto NB. inventors; PCT Int. Appl. WO 19989822457. ; Chem. Abstr. 1998, 129, 27933 - 88
Hoffmann M,Grauert M,Brandl T,Steegmaier M, andHauptmann R. inventors; US Patent 2006009457. ; Chem. Abstr. 2006, 144, 1299006 - 89
Klein SI,Molino BF,Czekaj M, andGardner CJ. inventors; US Patent 19985780590. ; Chem. Abstr. 1998, 129, 122869 - 90
Giori P.Vertuani G.Mazzotta D.Guarneri M.Pancaldi D.Brunelli A. Farmaco 1982, 37: 450 - 91
Brodney MA,Coffman KJ,Kleinman EF,O’Neill BT, andChen YL. inventors; US Patent 1998066613. ; Chem. Abstr. 2007, 146, 359172 - 92
Fujita Y.Tsuda Y.Li TY.Motoyama T.Takahashi M.Shimizu Y.Yokoi T.Sasaki Y.Ambo A.Kita A.Jinsmaa Y.Bryant SD.Lazarus LH.Okada Y. J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47: 3591 - 93
Watkins WJ.Landaverry Y.Leger R.Litman R.Renau TE.Williams N.Yen R.Zhang JZ.Chamberland S.Madsen D.Griffith D.Tembe V.Huie K.Dudley MN. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003, 13: 4241 - 94
Renau TE.Leger R.Filonova L.Flamme EM.Wang M.Yen R.Madsen D.Griffith D.Chamberland S.Dudley MN.Lee VJ.Lomovskaya O.Watkins WJ.Ohta T.Nakayama K.Ishida Y. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003, 13: 2755 - 95
Fuwa H.Okamura Y.Morohashi Y.Tomita T.Iwatsubo T.Kan T.Fukuyama T.Natsugari H. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45: 2323 - 96
Rabinowitz MH.Andrews RC.Becherer JD.Bickett DM.Bubacz DG.Conway JG.Cowan DJ.Gaul M.Glennon K.Lambert MH.Leesnitzer MA.McDougald DL.Moss ML.Musso DL.Rizzolio MC. J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44: 4252 - 97
Carpino LA.Cohen BJ.Stephens KE.Sadat-Aalaee SY.Tien JH.Langridge DC. J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51: 3732 - 98
Carpino LA.Mansour EME.Sadat-Aalaee D. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56: 2611 - 99
Duflos M.Courant J.Le Baut G.Grimaud N.Renard P.Manechez D.Caignard D.-H. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 1998, 33: 635 - 100
Katritzky AR.El-Gendy BEDM.Todadze E.Abdel-Fattah AAA. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73: 5442 - 101
Sochanik A.Kaida I.Mitrus I.Rajca A.Szala S. Cancer Gene Ther. 2000, 7: 513 - 102
Gao X.Huang L. Gene Ther. 1995, 2: 710 - 103
Lapatsanis L.Profilis C.Catsoulacos P. J. Chem. Eng. Data 1980, 25: 287 - 104
Nagasawa J.Kudo M.Hayashi S.Tamaoki N. Langmuir 2004, 20: 7907 -
105a
Profilis C.Catsoulacos P. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 1983, 18: 567 -
105b
Wall ME.Abernethy GS.Carroll FI.Taylor DJ. J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12: 810 -
105c
Catsoula P.Boutis L. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 1973, 57: 365 -
105d
Wampler GL.Catsoulacos P. Cancer Treat. Rep. 1977, 61: 37 - 106
Peters C.Wolf A.Wagner M.Kuhlmann J.Waldmann H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101: 8531 - 107
Schreiner EP.Billich A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2004, 14: 4999 - 108
Troisi L.Florio S.Granito C. Steroids 2002, 67: 687 - 109
Paul S.Nanda P.Gupta R.Loupy A. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43: 4261 - 110
Yadav JS.Narsaiah AV.Reddy BVS.Basak AK.Nagaiah K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 2005, 230: 107 - 111
Chakraborti AK.Sharma L.Gulhane R. Tetrahedron 2003, 59: 7661 - 112
Laruelle C, andLepant M. inventors; FR Patent 19912654338. ; Chem. Abstr. 1992, 116, 67183 - 113 inventors; JP
Patent 198257129696. (Ajinomoto Industries)
; Chem. Abstr. 1983, 98, 3563
- 114
Penney CL.Shah P.Landi S. J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50: 1457 - 115
Moloney PJ, andWojcik G. inventors; EP 198018189. ; Chem. Abstr. 1981, 94, 197543 - 116
Overell BG. inventors; EP 198264366. ; Chem. Abstr. 1983, 98, 95680 -
117a
Titkova EG.Kozhin SA. Zh. Org. Khim. 1972, 42: 1175 -
117b
Harada K.Hayakawa T. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1964, 37: 191 - 118
Hayakawa T.Harada K. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1965, 38: 1354 - 119
Bennasar ML.Zulaica E.Alonso Y.Vidal B.Vazquez JT.Bosch J. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13: 95 - 120
Wakasugi K.Iida A.Misaki T.Nishii Y.Tanabe Y. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2003, 345: 1209 - 121
Zhao X.Zhuo R.Lu Z.Liu W. Polyhedron 1997, 16: 2755 - 122
Katritzky AR.Angrish P. Synthesis 2006, 4135 -
123a
Eisele F.Owen DJ.Waldmann H. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1999, 7: 193 -
123b
Wang W.Jiang J.Ballard CE.Wang B. Curr. Pharm. Des. 1999, 5: 265 - 124
Jerić I.Horvat Š. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 1533 -
125a
Glunz PW.Hintermann S.Williams LJ.Schwarz JB.Kuduk SD.Kudryashov V.Lloyd KO.Danishefsky SJ. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122: 7273 -
125b
Han H.-K.de Vrueh RLA.Rhie JK.Covitz K.-MY.Smith PL.Lee C.-P.Oh D.-M.Sadee W.Amidon GL. Pharm. Res. 1998, 15: 1154 -
125c
Kihlberg J.Ahman J.Walse B.Drakenberg T.Nilsson A.Soderbergahlm C.Bengtsson B.Olsson H. J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38: 161 -
125d
Monsigny M.Roche AC.Midoux P. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1988, 551: 399 -
125e
Stahl PD.Rodman JS.Miller MJ.Schlesinger PH. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1978, 75: 1399 -
125f
Paulsen H.Busch R.Sinnwell V.Pollex-Krüger A. Carbohydr. Res. 1991, 214: 227 -
125g
von Roedern EG.Lohof E.Hessler G.Hoffmann M.Kessler H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118: 10156 - 126
Horvat Š.Roščić M.Varga-Defterdarović L.Horvat J. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1998, 909 -
127a
Tennant-Eyles RJ.Fairbanks AJ. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1999, 10: 391 -
127b
Tennant-Eyles RJ.Davis BG.Fairbanks AJ. Chem. Commun. 1999, 1037 -
127c
Tennant-Eyles RJ.Davis BG.Fairbanks AJ. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2000, 11: 231 -
127d
Tennant-Eyles RJ.Davis BG.Fairbanks AJ. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14: 1201 - 128
Geurtsen R.Boons GJ. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 1473 - 129
Burt J.Dean T.Warriner S. Chem. Commun. 2004, 454 -
130a
Horvat Š.Horvat J.Kantoci D.Varga L. Tetrahedron 1989, 45: 4579 -
130b
Horvat Š.Varga-Defterdarović L.Horvat J.Modrić-ganjar S.Chung NN.Schiller PW. Lett. Pept. Sci. 1995, 2: 363 -
130c
Horvat Š.Varga-Defterdarović L.Roščić M.Horvat J. Chem. Commun. 1998, 1663 -
131a
Jerić I.Simicic L.Stipetic M.Horvat Š. Glycoconjugate J. 2000, 17: 273 -
131b
Varga-Defterdarović L.Hrlec G. Carbohydr. Res. 2004, 339: 67 - 132
Opatz T.Kallus C.Wunberg T.Kunz H. Tetrahedron 2004, 60: 8613 - 133
Park O.-J.Jeon G.-J.Yang J.-W. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 1999, 25: 455 - 134
Katritzky AR.Angrish P.Narindoshvili T. Bioconjugate Chem. 2007, 18: 994