Infektionsdiagnostik in der Pneumologie

Zusammenfassung

Infektionen der unteren Atemwege und der Lungen sind im ambulanten und stationären Bereich der Krankenversorgung von herausragender Bedeutung. Im ersten Teil der Serie zur Infektionsdiagnostik in der Pneumologie wurden aktuelle Methoden der Infektionsdiagnostik bei Atemwegserkrankungen umfassend vorgestellt. Im zweiten Teil dieser Übersicht wurden Kriterien zur Unterscheidung von bakterieller Kolonisation und Infektion bei Atemwegsinfektionen behandelt. Im abschließenden dritten Teil wird diese klinisch bedeutsame Abgrenzung für humanpathogene Viren und Pilze vorgenommen. Die hier erläuterten diagnostischen Verfahren und Therapieindikationen können als wichtige Entscheidungshilfe im klinischen Alltag dienen.

Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infections play an important role in the ambulatory and hospital health-care sectors. State-of-the-art diagnoses of lower respiratory tract infections and methods to differentiate bacterial lower respiratory tract infections from colonisation have been described in the first two parts of this review series. The present article summarises current diagnostic methods and treatment indications for viral and fungal respiratory infections. These recommendations may guide clinicians in their decision to prescribe or withhold antibiotic therapies in daily clinical practice.

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• 136 Strassburg A. et al . Infektionsdiagnostik in der Pneumologie. Teil 1: Übersicht und Methoden.  Pneumologie. 2008;  62 730-743
• 137 Rohde G. et al . Nachweis von Atemwegsviren – Wie, warum, wann und wo?.  Pneumologie. 2009;  63 14-22
• 138 Gillissen A. et al . Biomarker bei infektiösen und nicht infektiösen Lungenerkrankungen außer Malignome.  Pneumologie. 2009;  63 439-450
• 139 Ott S. et al . Die Rolle von Viren bei tiefen Atemwegsinfektionen des Erwachsenen. Teil 1: Erreger, Pathogenese und Diagnostik.  Pneumologie. 2009;  63 709-717
• 140 Ott S. et al . Die Rolle von Viren bei tiefen Atemwegsinfektionen des Erwachsenen. Teil 2: Akute Bronchitis, exacerbierte COPD, Pneumonie und Influenza.  Pneumologie. 2010;  64 18-27
• 141 Ott S. et al . Die Rolle von Viren bei tiefen Atemwegsinfektionen des Erwachsenen. Teil 3: Therapie und Prävention.  Pneumologie. 2010;  64 115-123
• 142 Höffken G. et al . Aktuelle Konzepte zum mikrobiologischen Nachweis von Atemwegserregern.  Pneumologie. 2010;  64 184-193
• 143 Strassburg A. et al . Infektionsdiagnostik in der Pneumologie. Teil 2: Nachweis von bakteriellen Mikroorganismen aus dem Tracheobronchialsystem: Infektion oder Kolonisation?.  Pneumologie. 2010;  64 291-299
• 144 Rupp J. et al . Diagnostik von Pilz-Infektionen der Lunge.  Pneumologie. 2010;  64 300-310