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DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1249958
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Antiarol Cinnamate and Africanoside, a Cinnamoyl Triterpene and a Hydroperoxy-cardenolide from the Stem Bark of Antiaris africana
Publikationsverlauf
received October 28, 2009
revised April 9, 2010
accepted April 20, 2010
Publikationsdatum:
08. Juni 2010 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/plantamedica/201015/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-0030-1249958-1.jpg)
Abstract
From the methanol extract of the stem bark of the African tree Antiaris africana Engler, two new bioactive metabolites were isolated, namely, the α-amyrin derivative 1β,11α-dihydroxy-3β-cinnamoyl-α-amyrin (antiarol cinnamate, 1) and a cardiac glycoside, 3β-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-14β-hydroperoxy-5β-hydroxy-19-oxo-17β-card-20(22)-enolide (africanoside, 2a), together with the known compounds β-amyrin and its acetate, β-sitosterol and its 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, friedelin, ursolic and oleanolic acid, 19-norperiplogenin, strophanthidol, strophanthidinic acid, periplogenin (3a), 3-epiperiplogenin, strophanthidin (3b) and 3,3′-dimethoxy-4′-O-β-D-xylopyronosyl-ellagic acid. Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data and by chemical methods, while 3a was additionally confirmed by X‐ray crystal structure analysis. The aglycone moiety possessing a hydroperoxy group was found for the first time in cardenolides. Compounds 1 and 2a showed no activity against bacteria, fungi, and microalgae; however, the crude extract exhibited a high toxicity against Artemia salina and a selective antitumor activity against human tumor cell lines. Africanoside (2a) effected a concentration-dependent inhibition of tumor cell growth with a mean IC50 value of 5.3 nM.
Key words
Antiaris africana - Moraceae - antiarol cinnamate - africanoside - sterol hydroperoxide - periplogenin
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