Häufige Haut-Nebenwirkungen von neuen onkologischen Medikamenten

Zusammenfassung

Zielgerichtete Therapien, die an molekular definierten Strukturen von Signalwegen angreifen und diese dadurch unterbrechen, werden zunehmend mehr in onkologischen Therapien eingesetzt. Die derzeit verbreiteten Inhibitoren reagieren mit EGFR und Multikinasen, daneben findet Capecitabin eine breite Anwendung und künftig auch BRAF-Inhibitoren. Durch ihre Wirkungen auf normale Gewebe entstehen auch Nebenwirkungen an der Haut. EGFR-Inhibitoren verursachen bevorzugt stammbetonte, papulopustulöse Exantheme, Multikinase-Inhibitoren ebenfalls, wenn auch geringer. Capecitabin verursacht das Hand-Fuß-Syndrom. Diese Nebenwirkungen und ihr Management, was von Therapiebeginn an konsequent durchgeführt werden sollte, werden hier beschrieben.

Abstract

Targeted therapies become increasingly used in oncology. The most frequent used are EGFR- and multikinase-inhibitors as well as capecitabine and in future BRAF-inhibitors. By targeting signalling pathways very often normal tissues are effected and cutaneous side effects develop. EGFR-inhibitors induce mostly papulous exanthema, as do multikinase-inhibitors, but to a smaller amount. Capecitabine induces severe hand-foot syndrome. These side effects and their management to be started together with oncologic treatment are discussed here.

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