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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273407
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
New Sonographic Method for Fetuses with Small Abdominal Circumference Improves Fetal Weight Estimation
Neue sonografische Methode für Feten mit kleinem Bauchumfang verbessert die fetale GewichtsschätzungPublikationsverlauf
received: 8.11.2009
accepted: 21.4.2011
Publikationsdatum:
31. Mai 2011 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Eine genaue Gewichtsschätzung hat wesentlichen Einfluss auf das weitere geburtshilfliche Vorgehen. Die gängigen Gewichtsformeln haben eine gewisse Ungenauigkeit. Der Abdomenumfang (AC) des Feten ist nicht nur in den meisten Gewichtsgleichungen enthalten, sondern hat meist auch den größten Einfluss auf die Gewichtsschätzung. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es daher, eine neue Gewichtsformel für Feten mit einem kleinen Abdomenumfang (≤ 29,0 cm) zu entwickeln. Material und Methoden: In die Studie wurden 323 Schwangerschaften aufgenommen. Einschlusskriterien waren eine Einlingsschwangerschaft, eine komplette Ultraschallbiometrie mit einem AC von ≤ 29,0 cm innerhalb von 7 Tagen vor Geburt sowie das Fehlen von strukturellen und chromosomalen Störungen. Zwei „best-fit“-Formeln wurden mittels Vorwärts-Regressionsanalyse bestimmt. Schließlich wurde die Genauigkeit der neuen Formeln mit gängigen Gewichtsformeln verglichen. Ergebnisse: Im Gegensatz zu den Routineformeln zeigten die neuen Gleichungen keinen systematischen Fehler. Die Mediane des absoluten prozentualen Fehlers waren bei den beiden neuen Formeln am niedrigsten. Außerdem wiesen sie die engsten „limits of agreement“ auf. Hinsichtlich der kumulativen Verteilung schlossen die neuen Formeln auf allen Ebenen die meisten Fälle ein. Schlussfolgerung: Diese speziell entwickelten Gleichungen helfen, die fetale Gewichtsschätzung bei Feten mit einem AC ≤ 29.0 cm zu verbessern. Zur optimalen Gewichtsschätzung empfehlen wir die Verwendung der neuen Formel II.
Abstract
Purpose: Accurate estimation of fetal weight is a valuable tool for determining further obstetric management. Commonly used weight formulas lack accuracy, even though some equations appear to be favorable within defined weight ranges. However, due to the fact that fetal weight is not known in advance, it is not always clear which formula is suitable. In most of the commonly used equations, the fetal abdominal circumference (AC) is not only included but also has the greatest impact on weight estimation. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a new formula specifically designed for a small fetal AC in order to improve weight estimation. Materials and Methods: The study included 323 pregnancies. The inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy, ultrasound examination with complete biometric parameters and an AC ≤ 29.0 cm within 7 days of delivery, and an absence of structural or chromosomal malformations. Two “best-fit” formulas were derived by forward regression analysis. Finally, the accuracy of the new formulas was compared to commonly used weight equations by using the percentage error, absolute percentage error (APE), limits of agreement (LOA) and cumulative distribution. Results: Contrary to the routine methods, which significantly underestimated fetal weight, the new formulas did not have a systematic error. The medians of the APE were the lowest (7.13 and 7.16) when compared to other equations. Moreover, the new formulas demonstrated the narrowest LOA. At all discrepancy levels (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 %), the new formulas included significantly more cases than the commonly used methods. Conclusion: The specifically designed equations help to improve fetal weight estimation for fetuses with an AC ≤ 29.0 cm. For optimal weight estimation, we recommend using the new formula II.
Key words
weight formula - fetal weight estimation - abdominal circumference - small fetus
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Dr. Sven Kehl
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital
Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1 – 3
68167 Mannheim
Telefon: ++ 49/6 21/3 83 22 86
Fax: ++ 49/6 21/3 83 38 14
eMail: sven.kehl@umm.de