Das Chamäleon der Psychiatrie – Psychiatrische Manifestationsformen der Neurosyphilis

Zusammenfassung

Anliegen Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine Literaturübersicht über psychiatrische Manifestationsformen der Neurosyphilis. Methode Es wurde eine systematisierte elektronische Literatursuche nach publizierten Arbeiten ab dem Jahr 1995 durchgeführt. Ergebnisse Das klinische Erscheinungsbild der Neurosyphilis erstreckt sich über ein weites psychiatrisches Diagnosenspektrum nach ICD-10. Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund des mannigfaltigen Erscheinungsbildes und des weltweiten Anstiegs der Syphilisinfektionen ist ein routinemäßiges Syphilis-Screening im psychiatrischen Bereich weiterhin indiziert und die Berücksichtigung der Neurosyphilis in der Differenzialdiagnostik aktueller denn je.

Abstract

Objective Recent epidemiological data have shown a significant increase in the prevalence of syphilis. If left untreated, up to 30 % of patients may develop tertiary syphilis, which can manifest as neurosyphilis. The aim of our review is to evaluate psychiatric manifestations of neurosyphilis according to ICD-10. Methods A systematic electronic search for published studies (1995–2010) was performed using the databases Medline, Embase, Cochrane as well as the search engines Scopus and Google Scholar. Results 113 studies were used for detailed analysis. Clinical manifestations of various forms of neurosyphilis are protean, numerous and non-specific and could be on the differential diagnosis for many psychiatric presentations according to ICD-10. Conclusion Due to our results, the difficulties in diagnosing syphilis and current epidemiological data, routine screening tests are still mandatory in the psychiatric field. Further, neurosyphilis still has to be considered in the differential diagnosis within the context of psychiatric conditions and diseases.

Schlüsselwörter

Neurosyphilis - Syphilis - Treponema pallidum - Screening

Keywords

neurosyphilis - syphilis - Treponema pallidum - screening

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