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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280520
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Erfolgreicher Einsatz von Liraglutid bei Typ-1-Diabetes und MODY
Successful treatment with liraglutide in type 1 diabetes and MODYPublication History
eingereicht: 2.2.2011
akzeptiert: 4.5.2011
Publication Date:
17 May 2011 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund: Bei einer 22-jährigen adipösen Patientin mit Typ-1-Diabetes bestand seit Jahren trotz Insulinpumpentherapie eine schlechte Stoffwechsellage (Patientin 1). Bei einem 16-jährigen Mädchen wurde durch einen Zufallsbefund ein Diabetes mellitus festgestellt (Patientin 2). Ihr 54-jähriger Vater (Patient 3) litt seit 10 Jahren unter einem insulinpflichtigen Diabetes mit schlechter Stoffwechsellage, Polyneuropathie und Z.n. Myokardinfarkt. Beide waren normalgewichtig.
Untersuchungen: Bei Patientin 1 war das C-Peptid negativ, GAD- und IA2-Ak waren nachweisbar. Bei Patientin 2 und Patient 3 war das C-Peptid normal, GAD-, IA2- und ICA-Ak waren negativ. Im HNF-4α-Gen ließ sich ein Nukleotidaustausch in Intron 1 nachweisen.
Therapie und Verlauf: Alle 3 Patienten erhielten eine Therapie mit Liraglutid, worunter es zu einer Reduktion von HbA1c, Glukoseschwankungen, Hypoglykämien, Insulindosis, Gewicht und zu einem verbesserten Wohlbefinden kam.
Folgerung: Die hier vorgestellten Kasuistiken weisen darauf hin, dass GLP-1-Analoga sich günstig auf die postprandialen und Nüchternhyperglykämien bei Nicht-Typ-2-Diabetes Patienten unabhängig von einer Rest-Betazellfunktion auswirken können. Der positive Effekt einer GLP-1-Therapie bei Patienten mit Typ-1- oder Typ-3-Diabetes sollte jedoch in größeren Studien noch überprüft werden.
Abstract
History and clinical findings: A 22 year old obese woman with type 1 diabetes for 17 years and poor metabolic control despite continuous insulin infusion (case 1). Case 2 was a 16 year-old girl of normal weight in whom diabetes mellitus type 1 was diagnosed accidentally. Her 54 year old father was and had been treated for diabetes mellitus type 1 for 10 years. He was poorly controlled and associated with polyneuropathy and history of myocardial infarction (case 3).
Investigations: In Case 1 the C-peptide test was negative, glutamic acid decarboxylase- and IA2-antibodies were not demonstrated. Cases 2 and 3 showed normal C-peptide, tests for GAD-, IA2- and ICA antibodies were negative. A nucleotid substitution in intron 1 of the HNF-4α gene was demonstrated.
Treatment and course: All three patients were treated with liraglutide. There was a reduction in HbA1c, glucose fluctuations, hypoglycaemia, daily insulin dose and body weight, as well as an improvement of well-being and quality of life.
Conclusion: These case reports indicate that GLP-1 analogs may reduce postprandial and fasting glucose levels in non-type 2 diabetic patients, independently or residual beta cell function. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of treatment with liraglutide in patients with type 1 or type 3 diabetes.
Schlüsselwörter
GLP-1 - Inkretin - Liraglutid - Typ-1-Diabetes - Typ-3-Diabetes - MODY - maturity onset diabetes of the young
Keywords
GLP-1 - incretin - liraglutide - type 1 diabetes - type 3 diabetes - MODY - maturity onset diabetes of the young
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