Okuläre Dysfunktionen bei WAD: Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und Effekte neuromuskuloskelettaler Therapie^{[ 1 ]}

Zusammenfassung

Whiplash-associated Disorders (WAD) sind häufig vorkommende Symptomenkomplexe. Diese können akut wie chronisch vielerlei Symptome in verschiedensten Gewebetypen und Körperregionen hervorrufen, ohne dass die dahinter steckenden Mechanismen genau bekannt sind.

Dieser Artikel behandelt die Frage, ob bei WAD-Patienten auch okuläre Dysfunktionen vorkommen, und falls dies der Fall ist, um welche Störungen es sich handelt und ob neuromuskuloskelettale Therapie – im Speziellen Manuelle Therapie der kraniozervikalen Region – die Dysfunktionen positiv beeinflussen kann.

Aus den durch systematische Literatursuche in mehreren Datenbanken gefundenen Artikeln lässt sich der Schluss ziehen, dass es zu verschiedensten okulären Dysfunktionen bei WAD kommen kann. Dabei besteht momentan schwache Evidenz für Effekte neuromuskuloskelettaler Therapie bei okulären Dysfunktionen von WAD-Patienten.

Daher kann derzeit nur eine vorsichtige Empfehlung für neuromuskuloskelettale Therapiemaßnahmen zum Erkennen und Behandeln von okulären Dysfunktionen bei WAD-Patienten gegeben werden. Die Behandlung umfasst alle wichtigen Teilaspekte, wie z. B. Balance, Kopf-Augen-Koordination, Bewegungs- und Körpersinn, Schmerzmanagement und zervikale Range-of-motion-Übungen.

Abstract

Whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) are a common symptom complex. It can cause a variety of acute and chronic symptoms in various tissue types and body regions although the underlying mechanisms are not exactly known.

This article deals with the question whether ocular dysfunctions also occur in WAD patients and if so which dysfunctions are concerned and whether neuromusculoskeletal therapy – especially manual therapy in the cervico-cranial region – can positively influence these dysfunctions.

The articles found by using a literature research in several databases support the conclusion that various ocular dysfunctions may occur related to WAD. To date there is poor evidence concerning the effects of neuromuscular therapy on ocular dysfunctions of WAD patients.

Therefore only a careful recommendation for the use of neuromuscular physiotherapy in the assessment and treatment of ocular dysfunctions in WAD patients can be given. Treatment may include aspects such as balance, head-eye-coordination, movement and body sense, pain management and cervical range of motion exercises.

Schlüsselwörter

WAD - okuläre Dysfunktionen - okulomotorische Störung - posturales Kontrollsystem - neuromuskuloskelettale Therapie

Key words

WAD - ocular dysfunction - oculomotor disorder - postural control system - neuromusculoskeletal therapy

Anmerkungen

eingereicht: 22.8.2011 | akzeptiert: 20.10.2011

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