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Synthesis 2013; 45(17): 2387-2390
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1339470
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1339470
practical synthetic procedures
Synthesis of Aryl Ethers from Aromatic Carboxylic Acids
Further Information
Publication History
Received: 14 June 2013
Accepted: 21 June 2013
Publication Date:
15 July 2013 (online)
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Abstract
A silver/copper bimetallic catalyst system promotes the decarboxylative Chan–Evans–Lam alkoxylation of ortho-substituted aromatic carboxylate salts with tetraalkyl orthosilicates or triaryl borates. Non-ortho-substituted carboxylates are alkoxylated via an ortho-C–H-alkoxylation with concomitant cleavage of the carboxylate directing group via protodecarboxylation. This way, meta-substituted carboxylates are converted into para-substituted alkoxyarenes and vice versa. The combined processes provide a convenient synthetic entry to the important class of aromatic ethers from widely available carboxylic acids.
Key words
aryl ethers - C–C activation - C–H activation - C–O bond formation - decarboxylative couplingSupporting Information
- for this article is available online at http://www.thieme-connect.com/ejournals/toc/synthesis.
- Supporting Information
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Examples of carboxylate directed C–H hydroxylations: