Vestibuläre Migräne

Zusammenfassung

Die Symptomkombination Schwindel, Gleichgewichtsstörungen und Migräne gerät immer mehr in den Fokus des klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Interesses. Jeder 2.–3. Migränepatient hat im Rahmen mindestens einer seiner Migräne­attacken bereits Schwindel oder Gleichgewichtsstörungen erlebt. Für einige der betroffenen Pa­tienten steht der Schwindel sogar im Vordergrund der Beschwerden und weniger der Migränekopfschmerz. Die vestibuläre Migräne hat viele unterschiedliche Facetten und kann deshalb in der Diagnosestellung besonders schwierig sein. 2 große Fachgesellschaften haben in diesem Jahr gemeinsam, neue und über die Fachgrenzen hinaus anerkannte Diagnosekriterien veröffentlicht, die der klinischen Einordnung und wissenschaftlichen Erforschung der vestibulären Migräne einen ernormen Schub bereiten könnten. Diese Arbeit gibt eine Übersicht über das aktuelle Wissen über die vestibuläre Migräne und versucht die klinische Relevanz hervorzuheben.

Abstract

The symptom combination of vertigo, dizziness and balance disturbance with migraine has become an area of focus for clinicians and scientists. Approximately every second to third pa­tient with migraine reported at least one migraine attack in his/her lifetime that was associated with vertigo, dizziness or balance disturbances. In some of these patients the symptoms of sudden onset disequilibrium are their main complaint and more worrisome than the accompanying migraine headache. The different clinical presentations and symptoms of vestibular migraine may complicate the correct diagnosis of these patients. 2 international societies for vertigo/dizziness and headache have published a joint document with mutually accepted diagnostic criteria for vestibular migraine that may become a milestone for the clinical assessment and scientific research of vestibular migraine. This review will give an in-depth overview of the current knowledge about vestibular migraine.

Schlüsselwörter

vestibuläre Migräne - Migräne - Migräne mit Aura - Schwindel - Drehschwindel - Schwankschwindel - Benommenheitsgefühl - Gangunsicherheit

Keywords

vestibular migraine - migraine - migraine with aura - vertigo - dizziness - perception of movement - lightheadness - gait disturbance

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