MRT-Diagnostik der Hirnnerven und ihrer Läsionen

Zusammenfassung

In der radiologischen Diagnostik des Hirnstamms bzw. der Hirnnerven stellt die Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) heute den Goldstandard dar. Um die Hirnnerven im zisternalen Segment sowie im Sinus cavernosus darstellen zu können werden dabei vor allem hochauflösende Steady-State-Sequenzen verwendet. Zur Beurteilung der knöchernen Felsenbeinstrukturen ist die hochauflösende Computertomografie (HRCT) jedoch nach wie vor die Methode der Wahl. In diesem Artikel werden die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten und die neuen Entwicklungen in der Schnittbilddiagnostik dieser komplexen Hirnstrukturen dargelegt, wobei der Fokus auf der MRT-Diagnostik liegt.

Abstract

To date, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents the gold standard in the radiological diagnostics of the brain stem and the cranial nerves. In particular, the high-resolution steady-state sequences are used to image the cisternal and the cavernous segments of the cranial nerves. In contrast, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the method of choice to evaluate the bony structures of the petrous bone. This review illustrates the feasibilities and new developments in the diagnostic imaging of these complex brain structures, with focus on MRI.

Schlüsselwörter

MRT - Hirnstamm - Hirnnerven - DTI - Felsenbein

Keywords

MRI - brain stem - cranial nerves - DTI - temporal bone

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