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DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553967
Vorsorge-Koloskopie in Deutschland – Bilanz und Perspektiven
Screening colonoscopy in Germany – achievements and perspectivesPublication History
Publication Date:
14 December 2015 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Im Oktober 2002 wurde die Vorsorge-Koloskopie in das Gesetzliche Krebsfrüherkennungsprogramm in Deutschland aufgenommen. Das Programm bietet Frauen und Männern ab 55 Jahren die Durchführung einer Vorsorge-Koloskopie an. Diese kann nach 10 Jahren wiederholt werden, wenn die erste Vorsorge-Koloskopie vor dem Alter von 65 Jahren erfolgte. Durchführung und Ergebnisse der Vorsorge-Koloskopien werden in einem bundesweiten Register dokumentiert und ausgewertet. Mit mehr als 5 Millionen dokumentierten Befunden ist dieses Register die größte standardisierte Datensammlung zur Beurteilung der Vorsorge-Koloskopie weltweit. In den ersten 10 Jahren haben etwas mehr als 20 Prozent der Berechtigten das Angebot einer Vorsorge-Koloskopie wahrgenommen. Dabei wurden durch Entdeckung und Entfernung von Adenomen nach Modellrechnungen mehr als 180 000 Darmkrebserkrankungen verhütet, in mehr als 40 000 Fällen wurde Darmkrebs frühzeitig entdeckt. Die Adenom-Entdeckungsrate, ein Indikator für die Qualität von Vorsorge-Koloskopien, ist über die Jahre stetig angestiegen und liegt bundesweit mittlerweile bei über 30 % für Männer und 20 % für Frauen. Entgegen dem aufgrund der demografischen Entwicklung zu erwartenden Trend beginnt die Zahl der jährlichen Neuerkrankungen an Darmkrebs in Deutschland mittlerweile zu sinken. Durch die im Nationalen Krebsplan geforderte Weiterentwicklung zu einem organisierten Vorsorgeprogramm mit gezielter Einladung der Anspruchsberechtigten könnten die Teilnahmeraten deutlich erhöht und ein deutlich stärkerer Rückgang von Darmkrebsinzidenz und -mortalität erreicht werden.
Abstract
In October 2002, screening colonoscopy was incorporated into the national colorectal cancer screening program in Germany. Since then, the program offers conduction of a screening colonoscopy for women and men from 55 years on. After 10 years, another screening colonoscopy is offered if the first one was conducted before the age of 65 years. Performance and results of the screening colonoscopy are monitored and analyzed in a nationwide colonoscopy registry. Including more than 5 million records of screening colonoscopy, this registry is the largest standardized data collection for the evaluation of screening colonoscopies worldwide. During the first 10 years of the program little more than 20 percent of eligible persons have made use of the offer of a screening colonoscopy. Model calculations have shown that during this time more than 180 000 colorectal cancer cases were prevented and more than 40 000 cases were detected at an early disease stage. The adenoma detection rate, an indicator of the quality of screening colonoscopies, has been constantly growing over the years and is now overall more than 30 % among men and more than 20 % among women. Contrary to the expected trend caused by the demographic changes the annual number of incident cases with colorectal cancer has started to drop in Germany. The national cancer plan and a new law launched in 2013 request further improvements of the colorectal cancer screening program towards an organized screening including targeted invitations of eligible persons. These measures could significantly increase participation rates and lead to much stronger reduction of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in Germany.
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