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Synlett 2017; 28(16): 2066-2092
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1590854
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1590854
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Chemistry 2.0: Developing a New, Solvent-Free System of Chemical Synthesis Based on Mechanochemistry
We acknowledge the financial support of the NSERC Discovery Grant (grant no. NSERC RGPIN-2017-06467), the NSERC E. W. R. Steacie Memorial Fellowship (T.F.) and the McGill University W. J. Dawson Scholarship (T.F.)Further Information
Publication History
Received: 15 May 2017
Accepted after revision: 03 July 2017
Publication Date:
17 August 2017 (online)
Abstract
Mechanochemistry by grinding or milling has grown from a laboratory curiosity to a versatile approach for the synthesis and discovery of molecules, materials and reactivity. Focusing on organic synthesis and the chemistry of organic solids in general, we now provide a snapshot of this exciting, rapidly developing area, with the intention to illustrate its potential in establishing a more efficient and environmentally friendly system of chemical and materials synthesis, based on solid-state transformations rather than conventional, solution-dependent chemistry.
1 What is Chemistry 2.0?
2 Introduction
2.1 Why Mechanochemistry Now?
2.2 What’s in a Mechanochemistry Laboratory?
3 Liquid-Assisted Grinding (LAG): Controlling Mechanochemistry
4 The Solvent-Free Research Laboratory
5 Medicinal Mechanochemistry
6 Exploring Molecular Recognition
7 Some Myths to Dispel
8 Catalytic Reactions by Mechanochemistry
8.1 Catalysis and Reactivity Involving Bulk Metals
8.2 Enzyme Catalysis in Mechanochemistry
8.3 Coupling of Mechanochemistry, Photochemistry and Supramolecular Catalysis
9 Organometallic Mechanochemistry
10 New Opportunities
10.1 Stoichiometric Control
10.2 ‘Impossible’ Molecules
10.3 Reaction Discovery by Mechanochemistry
11 Energetics of Mechanochemistry
12 Mechanistic Understanding
13 Real-Time Reaction Monitoring
14 Conclusions
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This article focuses on mechanochemical reactions conducted by grinding and milling. For other types of mechanochemistry, e.g., cleavage of polymers by sonication or atomic force spectroscopy, see:
For examples, see:
For examples, see: