Download PDF
Semin Neurol 2017; 37(02): 158-166
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1602424
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease

Umer Akbar
1   Department of Neurology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
2   Department of Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
,
Anelyssa D'Abreu
1   Department of Neurology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
2   Department of Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
,
Joseph H. Friedman
1   Department of Neurology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
3   Department of Neurology, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
16 May 2017 (online)

   Buy Article Permissions and Reprints
Zoom Image

Abstract

Nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) have become increasingly recognized as major determinants of quality of life across cultures worldwide. Behavioral symptoms include dementia, depression, anxiety, apathy, and fatigue. Somatic symptoms include hypotension, constipation, diaphoresis, and pain. However, somatic symptoms may also be intrinsic, such as dementia, and iatrogenic, such as compulsive disorders. The authors address some of the more common disorders, yet few have been the target of clinical trials.

Keywords

nonmotor symptoms - Parkinson's disease - fatigue - dementia - psychosis