Synlett 2019; 30(14): 1713-1718
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610717
letter
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Single-Step Dual Functionalization: One-Pot Bromination-Cross-Dehydrogenative Esterification of Hydroxy Benzaldehydes with CCl3Br – A Comparison with Selectfluor

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Publikationsverlauf

Received: 07. April 2019

Accepted after revision: 27. Mai 2019

Publikationsdatum:
19. Juni 2019 (online)


Dedicated to Professor Ganesh P. Pandey on the occasion of his 63rd birthday.

Abstract

Bromination of phenolic compounds without directly using molecular bromine possesses much importance. In this article an IrIII/CCl3Br-assisted single-step double functionalization of hydroxy benzaldehydes is reported. It involves simultaneous esterification of the aldehyde group and bromination of the aryl ring of phenolic aldehydes in one-pot. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions in the presence of 445 nm blue LED light to obtain highly functionalized bromo hydroxy benzoates in moderate to good yields. In comparison, Selectfluor as an oxidant gives only non-bromo phenolic esters.

Supporting Information

 
  • References

  • 7 Synthetic Route to 3-Bromo-4-hydroxy Butyl Benzoate (4a); Typical Procedure A 10 mL double-necked round-bottomed flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was charged with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1) (244 mg, 2.0 mmol), photocatalyst IrIII[df(CF3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6 (45 mg, 0.04 mmol), CCl3Br [2, 793 mg, 4.0 mmol (to synthesize 4a'l', 4.0 mmol of Selectfluor 12 was used instead, with 2.0 mmol of 1 or non-hydroxy benzaldehydes 13ac and the inert atmosphere was maintained)], n-BuOTBDMS (3a) (1.13 g, 6.0 mmol) and acetonitrile (5.0 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was irradiated under 445 nm blue LED array for 7 h in air. The reaction was monitored by TLC. After completion of the reaction the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was distributed in water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (20×3 mL). The combined organic layers were dried with anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography by using 100–200 mesh silica gel with use of 5–10% ethyl acetate in hexanes as the eluent to afford pure 3-bromo-4-hydroxy butyl benzoate (4a) as a white crystalline solid in 85% yield (464 mg). A similar methodology was executed with the other substrates. Spectral Data of New Compounds 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoate (4d): Yield: 465 mg (78%); Rf 0.39 (EtOAc/petroleum ether, 1:4); white crystalline solid; mp 53–55 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 4.68 (q, J H–F = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 6.14 (br s, 1 H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.96 (dd, J = 8.0, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.21 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1 H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 61.0 (q, J C–F = 36.3 Hz), 110.5, 116.2, 122.3, 123.2 (q, J C–F = 275.7 Hz), 131.7, 134.5, 157.2, 163.6; HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C9H7BrF3O3: 298.9531; found: 298.9526. 3-Chloropropyl 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoate (4f): Yield: 446 mg (76%); Rf 0.35 (EtOAc/petroleum ether, 1:4); white crystalline solid; mp 92–94 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 2.22 (quin, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 3.68 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 4.45 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 6.15 (br s, 1 H), 7.05 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.91 (dd, J = 8.0, 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.17 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1 H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 31.8, 41.4, 62.1, 110.3, 116.0, 124.0, 131.2, 134.1, 156.5, 165.1; HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + Na]+ calcd for C10H10BrClNaO3: 314.9400; found: 314.9398. Prop-2-yn-1-yl 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoate (4h): Yield: 311 mg (61%); Rf 0.43 (EtOAc/petroleum ether, 1:4); white crystalline solid; mp 144–146 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 2.52 (s, 1 H), 4.90 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 2 H), 6.01 (br s, 1 H), 7.06 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.95 (dd, J = 8.0, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.22 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1 H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 52.7, 75.3, 77.7, 110.3, 116.0, 123.4, 131.5, 134.3, 156.7, 164.4; HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C10H8BrO3: 254.9657; found: 254.9661. Cyclohexyl 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoate (4j): Yield: 395 mg (66%); Rf 0.39 (EtOAc/petroleum ether, 1:4); white crystalline solid; mp 119–121 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.31–1.48 (m, 3 H), 1.53–1.60 (m, 3 H), 1.77–1.79 (m, 2 H), 1.92–1.94 (m, 2 H), 4.99 (quin, J = 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.04 (bs, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.93 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.18 (s, 1 H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 23.9, 25.6, 31.8, 73.5, 110.1, 115.8, 125.0, 131.1, 134.0, 156.2, 164.7; HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + Na]+ calcd for C13H15BrNaO3: 321.0102; found: 321.0101. Undecyl 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoate (4l): Yield: 379 mg (51%); Rf 0.58 (EtOAc/petroleum ether, 1:4); white crystalline solid; mp 59–61 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.87 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 3 H), 1.26–1.41 (m, 15 H), 1.70–1.78 (m, 3 H), 4.28 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 6.22 (br s, 1 H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.91 (dd, J = 8.0, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.18 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1 H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 14.3, 22.8, 26.1, 28.8, 29.4, 29.5, 29.6, 29.7 (2), 32.0, 65.5, 110.2, 115.9, 124.5, 131.1, 134.1, 156.4, 165.4; HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + Na]+ calcd for C18H27BrNaO3: 393.1041; found: 393.1044.
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