Subscribe to RSS
Download PDF
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628836
Bildgebende Verfahren in der Diagnostik von Demenzerkrankungen
Brain imaging in the diagnostic process of dementiaPublication History
Eingegangen am:
21 June 2010
angenommen am:
16 August 2010
Publication Date:
31 January 2018 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die zerebrale Bildgebung hat in der ätiologischen Diagnostik von Demenzerkrankungen die Funktion z. B. chirurgisch behandelbare Ursachen einer Demenz aufzudecken. Zusätzlich trägt sie zur Differenzialdiagnose von primären Demenzerkrankungen bei. Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen sind durch typische Atrophiemuster gekennzeichnet. Vaskuläre Läsionen können sensitiv mit der MRT erfasst werden. Zahlreiche neue MRT-Verfahren befinden sich in der klinischen Entwicklung. Als nuklearmedizinisches Verfahren ist insbesondere die 18F-Fluordesoxyglukose (FDG)-PET wertvoll. Die zukünftige klinische Relevanz von Amyloid-PET wird mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit sehr hoch sein.
Summary
In the diagnostic process of dementia brain imaging is needed to detect causes of dementia that may be reversible by for example surgical interventions. Also brain imaging helps in differentiating primary causes of dementia. Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by typical patterns of atrophy. Vascular damage can be detected sensitively with MRI. Among nuclear medicine techniques, 18F-Fluordesoxyglucose (FDG)-PET is particularly valuable. The importance of amyloid PET in clinical practice in the future will be high.
-
Literatur
- 1 Cordonnier C. et al. Prevalence and severity of microbleeds in a memory clinic setting. Neurology 2006; 66 (09) 1356-1360.
- 2 Dormont D, Seidenwurm D. J. Dementia and movement disorders. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29 (01) 204-206.
- 3 Engler H. et al. Two-year follow-up of amyloid deposition in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Brain 2006; 129 (Pt 11): 2856-2866.
- 4 Fazekas F. et al. MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzheimer’s dementia and normal aging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 149 (02) 351-356.
- 5 Gifford D. R, Holloway R. G, Vickrey B. G. Systematic review of clinical prediction rules for neuroimaging in the evaluation of dementia. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160 (18) 2855-2862.
- 6 Gold G. et al. Sorting out the clinical consequences of ischemic lesions in brain aging: a clinicopathological approach. J Neurol Sci 2007; 257 (1–2): 17-22.
- 7 Hejl A, Hogh P, Waldemar G. Potentially reversible conditions in 1000 consecutive memory clinic patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002; 73 (04) 390-394.
- 8 Herholz K, Carter S. F, Jones M. Positron emission tomography imaging in dementia. Br J Radiol 2007; 80 (02) S160-167.
- 9 Jack C. R. et al. Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade. Lancet Neurol 2010; 09 (01) 119-128.
- 10 Jellinger K. A, Attems J. Neuropathological evaluation of mixed dementia. J Neurol Sci 2007; 257 (1–2): 80-87.
- 11 Korf E. S. et al. Medial temporal lobe atrophy on MRI predicts dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Neurology 2004; 63 (01) 94-100.
- 12 Lindberg O. et al. Cortical morphometric subclassification of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30 (06) 1233-1239.
- 13 McKeith I. et al. Sensitivity and specificity of dopamine transporter imaging with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in dementia with Lewy bodies: a phase III, multicentre study. Lancet Neurol 2007; 06 (04) 305-313.
- 14 Morris J. C. et al. Pittsburgh compound B imaging and prediction of progression from cognitive normality to symptomatic Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2009; 66 (12) 1469-1475.
- 15 Mosconi L. et al. Multicenter standardized 18F-FDG PET diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias. J Nucl Med 2008; 49 (03) 390-398.
- 16 Patterson C. et al. The recognition, assessment and management of dementing disorders: conclusions from the Canadian Consensus Conference on Dementia. Can J Neurol Sci 2001; 28 Suppl (Suppl. 01) S3-16.
- 17 Scheltens P. et al. A semiquantative rating scale for the assessment of signal hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurol Sci 1993; 114 (01) 7-12.
- 18 Scheltens P. et al. Visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging: interobserver reliability. J Neurol 1995; 242 (09) 557-560.
- 19 Wahlund L. O. et al. Visual assessment of medical temporal lobe atrophy in demented and healthy control subjects: correlation with volumetry. Psychiatry Res 1999; 90 (03) 193-199.
- 20 Watson R, Blamire A. M, O’Brien J. T. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Lewy Body Dementias. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2009; 28 (06) 493-506.