Summary
Objectives: The aim of this paper is to build a theoretical framework for analysis of when decision-makers
should use end-user participation as a form of insurance for unforeseen consequences
of implementing information systems in healthcare organizations.
Method: Data were collected in a case study of an information system development project
in a small clinical setting. During the initial phase, the future end-users of the
system were allowed to actively influence the system design and test every new tool
that was considered for implementation.
Results: The results of the case study suggest that when time and effort are invested in allowing
health-care staff to participate in information system development processes, the
benefits can well exceed the costs throughout the life cycle of the project. Risk-averse
decision-makers fearing negative secondary consequences of a HIS, with regard to clinical
work flow, will always adopt measures to prevent future failures, if they can find
a possibility of shifting these risks. Therefore, they calculate the present discounted
value of the effects accrued over time to the unit and predict the amount of resources
they are willing to pay to acquire an insurance (such as design participation) that
will protect the organization from future losses.
Conclusions: End-user participation in the design process can be the key positive influence on
the quality of the service and, thereby, organizational effectiveness. Investments
in broad design participation can, consequently, be a productive activity that transforms
potential current income into future benefits.
Keywords
Health informatics - clinical staff participation - health information system development
