Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00034925.xml
Hamostaseologie 1988; 08(05): 199-213
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1659926
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1659926
Originalarbeiten
Klinische und biochemische Zielsetzungen bei der Thrombolysetherapie mit Neothrombolytika speziell mit Gewebeplasminogenaktivator, Prourokinase und deren Kombinationen
Further Information
Publication History
Publication Date:
25 June 2018 (online)
-
Literatur
- 1 Smith J.A, Ross W.D. Translation of Aristoteles’ De partibus animalium 4. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1912. Book II: 4.
- 2 Dastre A. Fibrinolyse dans le sang. Archives de Physiologie Normale et Pathologique 1893; 5: 661-3.
- 3 Nolf P. Contribution a l’etude de la coagulation du sang. V. La fibrinolyse Archives Internationales de Physiologie 1908; 6: 306-59.
- 4 Tillett W.S, Sherry S. The effect in patients of streptococcal fibrinolysin (streptokinase) and streptococcal deoxyribonuclease on fibrinous, purulent, and sanguinous pleural exudations. J Clin Invest 1949; 28: 173-90.
- 5 Johnson A.J, Tillet W.S. The lysis in rabbits on intravascular blood clots by the streptococcal fibrinolytic system (streptokinase). J Exp Med 1952; 95: 449-64.
- 6 Innerfield I, Angrist A, Schwarz A. Parenteral administration of trypsin, clinical effect in 538 patients. JAMA 1953; 152: 597-605.
- 7 Moser K.M. Effects of intravenous administration of fibrinolysin (plasmin) in man. Circulation 1959; 20: 42.
- 8 Seegers W.H, Landaburu R.H, Johnson J.F. Thrombin E as a fibrinolytic enzyme. Science 1960; 131: 726.
- 9 Karaca M, Stefanini M, Mele R. Fibrinolysis VII. Clot lysis, coagulation, and fibrinolytic mechanisms after administration of Aspergillin 0 (mold fibrinolysin) in man. J Lab Clin Med 1962; 59: 799-814.
- 10 Tillett W.S, Garner R.L. The fibrinolytic activity of haemolytic streptococci. J Experiment Med 1933; 58: 485-502.
- 11 Johnson A.J, McCarthy W.R. The lysis of artifically induced intravascular clots in man by intravenous infusions of streptokinase. J Clin Invest 1959; 38: 1627-43.
- 12 Sherry S, Lindemeyer R.I, Fletcher A.P, Alkjaersig N. Studies on enhanced fibrinolytic activity in man. J Clin Invest 1959; 38: 810-22.
- 13 Gross R, Hartl W, Kloss G, Rahn B. Thrombolyse durch Infusionen hochgereinigter Streptokinase. Erfahrungen und Untersuchungen an den ersten 50 Kranken. Dtsch Med Wschr 1960; 85: 2129-41.
- 14 Deutsch E, Fischer M. Die Wirkung intravenös applizierter Streptokinase auf Fibrinolyse und Blutgerinnung. Thromb Diath Haemorrh 1960; 4: 482-506.
- 15 Sobel G.W, Möhler S.R, Jones N.W, Dowdy A.B.C, Guest M.M. An activator of Profibrinolysin extracted from urine. Am J Physiol 1952; 171: 768.
- 16 Hansen P.F, Jorgensen M, Kjeldgaard N.O, Ploug J. Urokinase an activator of plasminogen from human urine. Experiences with intravenous application on twenty-two patients. Angiology 1961; 12: 367-71.
- 17 Stampfer M.J, Goldhaber S.Z, Yusuf S, Peto R, Hennekens C.H. Effect of intravenous streptokinase on acute myocardial infarction. Pooled results from randomized trials. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 1180-2.
- 18 Yusuf S, Collins R, Peto R. et al. Intravenous and intracoronary fibrinolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction: overview of results on mortality, reinfarction and side-effects from 33 randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J 1985; 6: 556-85.
- 19 Wiman B, Collen D. Molecular mechanism of physiological fibrinolysis. Nature 1987; 272: 549-50.
- 20 Collen D. On the regulation and control of fibrinolysis. Thromb Haemostas 1980; 43: 77-89.
- 21 Robbins K.C. The biochemistry of plasminogen and plasmin. In: Ogston D, Bennett B. (eds) Haemostasis: Biochemistry, Physiology and Pathology. London: Wiley; 1967: 208-20.
- 22 Nieuwenhuizen W. Fibrinogen and its specific sites for modulation of t-PA induced fibrinolysis. In: Kluft C. (ed) Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA): Physiological and Clinical Aspects. 1988: 171-88.
- 23 Moroi M, Aoki N. Inhibition of plasminogen binding to fibrin by alpha-2-plasmin-inhibitor. Thromb Res 1977; 10: 851-6.
- 24 Kluft C, Los P, Jie A.F.H. The molecular form of alpha-2-antiplasmin with affinity for plasminogen is selectively bound to fibrin by factor XIII. Thromb Res 1984; 33: 419-25.
- 25 Sakata Y, Aoki N. Cross-linking of alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor to fibrin by fibrinstabi-lizing factor. J Clin Invest 1980; 65: 290-7.
- 26 Tamaki T, Aoki N. Cross-linking of alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor to fibrin catalyzed by activated fibrin-stabilizing factor. J Biol Chem 1982; 257: 14767-72.
- 27 Wiman B, Collen D. On the mechanism of the reaction between human alpha-2-anti-plasmin and plasmin. J Biol Chem 1979; 254: 9291-7.
- 28 Kluft C, Los P, Jie A.F.H, van Hinsbergh V.W.M, Vellenga E, Jespersen J, Henny C.H.P. The mutual relationship between the two molecular forms of the major fibrinolysis inhibitor alpha-2-antiplasmin in blood. Blood 1986; 67: 616-22.
- 29 Heimburger N, Haupt H, Kranz J, Bauder S. Humanserumprotein mit hoher Affinität zu Carboxylmethylcellulose. II. Physiologisch-chemische und immunologische Charakterisierung eines histidinreichen 3,85 alpha-2-Glykoproteins (CM-Protein I). Hoppe-Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1972; 353: 1133-40.
- 30 Lijnen H.R, Hoylaerts M, Collen D. Isolation and characterization of a human plasma protein with affinity for the lysine binding sites in plasminogen. J Biol Chem 1980; 255: 10214-22.
- 31 Emeis J.J, Brommer E.J.P, Kluft C, Brakman P. Progress in fibrinolysis. In: Poller L. (ed) Recent Advances in Blood Coagulation. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1985: 11-33.
- 32 Ratnoff O.D. The surface-mediated initiation of blood coagulation and related phenomena. In: Ogston D, Bennett B. (eds) Haemostasis: Biochemistry, physiology and pathology. London: Wiley; 1977: 25-55.
- 33 Müllertz S. Plasminogen activator in spontaneously active human blood. Proc Soc Exper Biol Med 1953; 82: 291-5.
- 34 Collen D. Identification and some properties of a new fast-reacting plasmin inhibitor in human plasma. Eur J Biochem 1976; 69: 209-16.
- 35 Paques E.P, Heimburger N. Das fibrinolytische System. Hämostaseologie 1986; 6: 139-47.
- 36 Sprengers E.D, Kluft C. Plasminogen activator inhibitors. Blood 1987; 69: 381-7.
- 37 Bachmann F. Fibrinolysis. In: Verstraete M, Vermylen J, Lijnen R, Arnont J. (eds) Thromb Haemostas. 1987: 227-65.
- 38 Sobel G.W, Möhler S.R, Jones N.W, Dowdy A.B.C, Guest M.M. An activator of Profibrinolysin extracted from urine. Am J Physiol 1952; 171: 768.
- 39 Günzler W.A, Steffens G.J, Otting F, Buse G, Flohe L. Structural relationship between human high and low molecular mass urokinase. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1982; 363: 133-41.
- 40 Günzler W.A, Steffens G.J, Otting F, Kim S.M.A, Frankus E, Flohe L. The primary structure of high molecular mass urokinase from human urine. Hoppe-Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1982; 363: 1155-65.
- 41 Heimburger N. Biochemische Grundlagen der Streptokinase-Behandlung. In: Kostering H, Kreuzer H. (eds) Streptokinase-Bchandlung der Thromboembolien und des akuten Myokardinfarkts. Stuttgart, New York: Schattauer; 1982: 23-31.
- 42 Smith R.A.G, Dupe R.J, English P.D, Green J. Fibrinolysis with acylenzymes: a new approach to thrombolytic therapy. Nature (Lond) 1981; 290: 505-8.
- 43 Kakkar V.V, Sagar S, Lewis M. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis with intermittent streptokinase and plasminogen infusion. Lancet 1975; II: 674-6.
- 44 Prandini M.H, Wiman B, Samama M, Collen D. Effects of the synthetic fibrinolytic agents ortho-thymotic acid and S-1623 on the reaction between human plasmin and antiplasmin. Thromb Res 1978; 13: 165-73.
- 45 Carlin G, Saldeen T. On the interaction between dextran and the primary fibrinolysis inhibitor alpha-2-antiplasmin. Thromb Res 1980; 19: 103-10.
- 46 Marbet G.A, Eichlisberger R, Duckert F. et al. Side effects of thrombolytic treatment with porcine plasmin and low dose streptokinase. Thromb Haemostas 1982; 48: 196-200.
- 47 Kok P, Astrup T. Isolation and purification of a tissue plasminogen activator and its comparison with urokinase. Biochemistry 1969; 8: 79-86.
- 48 Rickli E.E, Zaugg G. Isolation and purification of highly enriched tissue plasminogen activator from pig heart. Thromb Diath Haemorrh 1970; 23: 64-76.
- 49 Cole E.R, Bachmann F.W. Purification and properties of a plasminogen activator from pig heart. J Biol Chem 1977; 252: 3729-37.
- 50 Pepper D.S, Allen R. Isolation and characterization of human cadaver vascular endothelial activator. In: Davidson J.F, Rowan R.M, Samama M.M, Desnoyers P.C. (eds) Progress in Chemical Fibrinolysis and Thrombolysis. New York: Raven Press; 1978. 3: 91-8.
- 51 Binder B.R, Spragg J, Austen K.F. Purification and characterization of human vascular plasminogen activator derived from blood vessel perfusates. J Biol Chem 1979; 254: 1998-2003.
- 52 Radcliffe R, Heinze T. Isolation of plasminogen activator from human plasma by chromatography on lysine-Sepharose. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 189: 185-94.
- 53 Rijken D.C, Wijngaards G, Zaal-de Jong M, Welbergen J. Purification and partial characterization of plasminogen activator from human uterine tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta 1979; 580: 140-53.
- 54 Rijken D.C, Collen D. Purification and characterization of the plasminogen activator secreted by human melanoma cells in culture. J Biol Chem 1981; 256: 7035-41.
- 55 Collen D, Rijken D.C, Van Damme J, Billiau A. Purification of human tissue-type plasminogen activator in centigram quantities from human melanoma cell culture fluid and its conditioning for use in vivo. Thromb Haemost 1982; 48: 294-6.
- 56 Kruithof E.K.O, Schleuning W-D, Bachmann F. Human tissue-type plasminogen activator: production in continous serumfree cell culture and rapid purification. Biochem J 1985; 226: 631-6.
- 57 Edlund T, Ny T, Ranby M, Heden L-O, Palm G. et al. Isolation of cDNA sequences coding for part of human tissue plasminogen activator. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 1983; 80: 349-52.
- 58 Pennica D, Holmes W.E, Kohr W.J, Harkins R.N, Venar G.A, Ward C.A, Bennett W.F, Yelverton E, Seeburg P.H, Heyneker H.L, Goedel D.V, Collen D. Cloning and expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator cDNA in E. coli. Nature 1983; 301: 214-21.
- 59 Fisher R, Waller E.K, Grassi G, Thompson D, Tizarel R. et al. Isolation and characterization of the human tissue-type plasminogen activator structural gene including its 5’flanking region. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 11223-30.
- 60 Kaufmann R, Wasley L.C, Spiliotes A.J, Gossels S.D, Lat S.A. et al. Co-amplification and co-expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator and murine dihydrofolate reductase in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol Cell Biol 1985; 5: 1750-9.
- 61 Harris T.J.R, Patel T, Marston F.A.D, Little S, Emtage S. et al. Cloning of cDNA coding for human tissue-type plasminogen activator and its expression in Escherichia coli. Mol Biol Med 1986; 3: 279-92.
- 62 Sambrook J, Hanahan D, Rodgers L, Gething M-J. Expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator from lytic viral vectors and in established cell lines. Mol Biol Med 1986; 3: 459-81.
- 63 Reddy V.B, Garramone A.J, Sasak H, Wei C-M, Watkins P. et al. Expression of human uterine tissue-type plasminogen activator in mouse cells using BPV vectors. DNA – J Mol Biol 1987; 6: 461-72.
- 64 Upshall A, Kumar A.A, Bailey M.C, Parker M.D, Favreau M.A. et al. Secretion of active human tissue plasminogen activator from the filamentous fungus Asper-gillus-nidulans. Bio/Technology 1987; 5: 1301-4.
- 65 Builder S.E, Grossbard E. Laboratory and clinical experience with recombinant plasminogen activator. In: Murawski, and Peetoom, (eds) Transfusion Medicine: Recent Technological Advances. New York : Liss; 1986: 303.
- 66 Bernik M.B. Increased plasminogen activator (urokinase) in tissue culture after fibrin deposition. J Clin Invest 1973; 52: 823-34.
- 67 Nolan C, Hall L, Barlow G, Tribby I.I.E. Plasminogen activator from human embryonic kidney cell cultures. Evidence for a proactivator. Biochim Biophys Acta 1977; 496: 384-400.
- 68 Husain S, Gurewich V, Lipinski B. Purification and partial characterization of a slingle-chain high-molecular-weight form of urokinase from human urine. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 220: 31-8.
- 69 Stump D.C, Thienpont M, Collen D. Urokinase-related proteins in human urine. Isolation and characterization of single chain urokinase (pro-urokinase) and urokinase-inhibitor complex. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 1267-73.
- 70 Wun T.C, Schleuning W.G, Reich E. Isolation and characterization of urokinase from human plasma. J Biol Chem 1982; 257: 3276-83.
- 71 Sumi H, Kosugi T, Matsuo O, Minara H. Physicochemical properties of highly purified kidney cultured plasminogen activator (single polypeptide chain-urokinase). Acta Haematol Jpn 1982; 45: 119-28.
- 72 Nielsen L.S, Hansen J.G, Skriver L, Wilson E.L, Kaltoft K, Zeuthen J, Dano K. Purification of zymogen to plasminogen activator from human glioblastoma cells by affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibody. Biochemistry 1982; 21: 6410-5.
- 73 Kohno T, Hopper P, Lillquist J.S, Suddita R.L, Greenlee R, Moir D.T. Kidney plasminogen activator: a precursor form of human urokinase with high fibrin affinity. Biotechnology 1984; 2: 628-33.
- 74 Eaton D.L, Scott R.W, Baker J.B. Purification of human fibroblast urokinase proenzyme and analysis of its regulation by proteases and protease nexin. J Biol Chem 1984; 259: 6241-7.
- 75 Kasai S, Arimura H, Nishida M, Suyama T. Proteolytic cleavage of single-chain pro-urokinase induces conformational change which follows activation of the zymogen and reduction of its high affinity for fibrin. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 12377-81.
- 76 Stump D.C, Lijnen H.R, Collen D. Purification and characterization of single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA), from human cell cultures. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 1274-8.
- 77 Holmes W.E, Pennica D, Blaber M, Rey M.W, Günzler W.A, Steffens G.J, Heyneker H.L. Cloning and expression of the gene for pro-urokinase in Escherichia coli. Biotechnology 1985; 3: 923-9.
- 78 Winkler M.E, Blaber M, Bennett G.L, Holmes W.E, Vehar G.A. Purification and characterization of recombinant urokinase from E. coli. Biotechnology 1985; 3: 990-1000.
- 79 Pennica D, Holmes W.E, Kohr W.J, Harkins R.N, Venar G.A, Ward C.A, Bennett W.F, Yelverton E, Seeburg P.H, Heyneker H.L, Goedel D.V, Collen D. Cloning and expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator cDNA in E.coli. Nature 1983; 301: 214-21.
- 80 Banyai L, Varadi A, Patthy L. Common evolutionary origin of the fibrin-binding structures of fibronectin and tissue-type plasminogen activator. FEB S Lett 1983; 163: 37-41.
- 81 Ny T, Elgh F, Lund B. The structure of the human tissue-type plasminogen activator gene : correlation of intron and exon structures to functional and structural domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984; 81: 5355-9.
- 82 Rijken D.C. Relationships between structure and function of tissue type plasminogen activator. In: Seifried et al. (eds). Neuere Entwicklungen in der fibrinolyti-schen Therapie. Klin Wschr 1988; 66 Suppl XII 33-9.
- 83 Verheijen J.H, Visse R, Wijnen J Th, Chang G.T.G, Kluft C. et al. Assignment of the human tissue-type plasminogen activator gene (PLAT) to chromosome 8. Human Genetics 1986; 72: 153-6.
- 84 Yang-Feng T.L, Opdenakker G, Volckaert G, Francke U. Human tissue-type plasminogen activator gene located near chromosomal breakpoint in myeloproliferative disorder. Am J Human Genet 1986; 39: 79-87.
- 85 Browne M.J, Tyrrell A.W.R, Chapman C.G, Carey J.E, Glover D.M. et al. Isolation of a human tissue-type plasminogen activator genomic DNA clone and its expression in mouse L cells. Gene 1985; 33: 279-84.
- 86 Degen S.F.J, Rajput B, Reich E. The human tissue plasminogen activator gene. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 6972-85.
- 87 Thorsen S, Glas-Greenwalt P, Astrup T. Differences in the binding to fibrin of urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator. Thromb Haemostas 1972; 28: 65-74.
- 88 Rijken D.C, Hoylaerts M, Collen D. Fibrinolytic properties of one-chain and two-chain human extrinsic (tissue-type) plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 1982; 257: 2920-5.
- 89 Higgins D.L, Vehar G.A. Interaction of one-chain and two-chain tissue plasminogen activator with intact and plasmin-degraded fibrin. Biochemistry 1987; 26: 7786-91.
- 90 Hoylaerts M, Rijken D.C, Lijnen H.R, Collen D. Kinetics of the activation of plasminogen by human tissue plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 1982; 257: 2912-9.
- 91 Ranby M. Studies on the kinetics of plasminogen activation by tissue plasminogen activator. Biochim Biophys Acta 1982; 704: 461-9.
- 92 Verheijen J.H, Nieuwenhuizen W, Wijn-gaards G. Activation of plasminogen by tissue activator is increased specifically in the presence of certain soluble fibrinogen) fragments. Thromb Res 1982; 27: 377-85.
- 93 Nieuwenhuizen W, Verheijen T.H, Ver-mond A, Chang G.T.G. Plasminogen activation by tissue activator is accelerated in the presence of fibrin(ogen) cyanogen bromide fragment FCB-2. Biochim Biophys 1983; 755: 531-3.
- 94 Suenson E, Lützen O, Thorsen S. Initial plasmin-degradation of fibrin as the basis of a positive feedback mechanism in fibrinolysis. Eur J Biochem 1984; 140: 513-22.
- 95 van Zonneveld A.J, Chang G.T.G, van den Berg J, Kooistra T, Verheijen J.H. et al. Quantification of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) mRNA in human endothelial cell cultures by hybridization with a t-PA cDNA probe. Biochem J 1986; 235: 385-90.
- 96 Günzler W, Steffens G, Otting F, Kine S.M, Frankus E, Flohe L. The primary structure of high molecular mass human urokinase from human urine. The complete amino acid sequence of the A chain. Hoppe-Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1982; 363: 1155-65.
- 97 Holmes W.E, Pennica D, Blaber M, Rey M.W, Günzler W.A, Steffens G.J, Heyne-ker H.L. Cloning and expression of the gene for pro-urokinase in Escherichia coli. Biotechnology 1985; 3: 923-9.
- 98 Lijnen H.R, Zamarron C, Blaber M, Winkler M.E, Collen D. Activation of plasminogen by pro-urokinase. I. Mechanism. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 1253-8.
- 99 Lijnen H.R, Stump D.C, Collen D. Single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator: mechanism of action and thrombolytic properties. Sem Thromb Hemostas 1987; 13: 152-9.
- 100 Lijnen H.R, Zamarron C, Collen D. Characterization of the high-affinity interaction between human plasminogen and pro-urokinase. Eur J Biochem 1985; 150: 141-4.
- 101 Pannell R, Gurewich V. Pro-urokinase: a study of its stability in plasma and of a mechanism for its selective fibrinolytic effect. Blood 1986; 67: 1215-23.
- 102 Collen D, Stassen J.M, Verstraete M. Thrombolysis with human extrinsic (tissue-type) plasminogen activator in rabbits with experimental jugular vein thrombosis: effect of molecular form and dose of activator, age of the thrombus, and route of administration. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 368-76.
- 103 Collen D, Stassen J.M, Marafino B.J, Builder S, De Cock F. et al. Biological properties of human tissue-type plasminogen activator obtained by expression of recombinant DNA in mammalian cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1984; 231: 146-52.
- 104 Agnelli G, Buchanan M.R, Fernandez F, van Ryn J, Hirsh J. Sustained thrombolysis with DNA-recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in rabbits. Blood 1985; 66: 399-401.
- 105 Korninger C, Matsuo O, Suy R, Stassen J.M, Collen D. Thrombolysis with human extrinsic (tissue type) plasminogen activator in dogs with femoral vein thrombosis. J Clin Invest 1982; 69: 573-80.
- 106 Sampol J, Mercier C, Houel F, David G, Daver J. Studies of the thrombolytic action of a tissue plasminogen activator in dogs. In: Davidson et al. (eds) Progress in Fibrinolysis, Vol.6. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1983: 463-66.
- 107 Matsuo O, Rijken D.C, Collen D. Thrombolysis by human tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase in rabbits with experimental pulmonary embolism. Nature 1981; 291: 590-1.
- 108 Carlin G, Einarsson M, Saldeen T. Tissue plasminogen activator effectively lyses intravascular fibrin deposits in the rat lung. In: Davidson et al. (eds) Progress in Fibrinolysis, Vol.6. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1983: 471-4.
- 109 Bergmann S.R, Fox K.A.A, Ter-Pogassian M.M, Sobel B, Collen D. Clot-selective coronary thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator. Science 1983; 220: 1181-3.
- 110 Van de Werf F, Bergmann S.R, Fox K.A.A, De Geest H, Hoyng C.F. et al. Coronary thrombolysis with intravenously administered human tissue-type plasminogen activator produced by recombinant DNA technology. Circulation 1984; 69: 605-10.
- 111 Gold H.K, Fallon J.T, Yasuda T, Leinbach R.C, Khaw B.A. et al. Coronary thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator. Circulation 1984; 70: 700-7.
- 112 Flameng W, van de Werf F, Vanhecke J, Verstraete M, Collen D. Coronary thrombolysis and infarct size reduction after intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in non-human primates. J Clin Invest 1985; 75: 84-90.
- 113 Phillips S.A, Fischer M, Smith T.W, Davis M.A. The safety and angiographic efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator in a cerebral embolization model. Ann Neurol 1988; 23: 391-4.
- 114 Vine A.K, Maguire P.T, Martonyi C, Kincaid M.C. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator to lyse experimentally induced retinal arterial thrombi. Am J Ophthalmol 1988; 105: 266-7.
- 115 Agnelli G, Buchanan M.R, Fernandez F, Boneu B, van Ryn J. et al. A comparison of the thrombolytic and hemorrhagic effects of tissue-type plasminogen activator and streptokinase in rabbits. Circulation 1985; 72: 178-82.
- 116 Sumi H, Toki A, Sasaki K, Mihara H. Comparative properties of single and double polypeptide chains of high molecular weight urokinase. In: Davidson J.F, Bachmann F, Bouvier C.A, Kruithof E.K.O. (eds) Progress in Fibrinolysis, Vol. 6. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1983: 165-7.
- 117 Collen D, Stassen J.M, Blaber M, Winkler M, Verstraete M. Biological and thrombolytic properties of proenzyme and active forms of human urokinase. III. Thrombolytic properties of natural and recombinant urokinase in rabbits with experimental jugular vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1984; 52: 27-30.
- 118 Matsuo O, Bando H, Okada K, Tanaka K, Tsukada M, Iga Y, Arimura H. Thrombolytic effect of single-chain pro-urokinase in a rabbit jugular vein thrombosis model. Thromb Res 1986; 42: 187-94.
- 119 Stump D.C, Stassen J.M, Demarsin E, Collen D. Comparative thrombolytic properties of single chain forms of urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Blood 1987; 69: 592-6.
- 120 Gurewich V, Pannell R, Louie S, Kelley P, Suddith R.L, Greenlee R. Effective and fibrin-specific clot lysis by a zymogen precursor form of urokinase (pro-urokinase). A study in vitro and in two animal species. J Clin Invest 1984; 73: 1731-9.
- 121 Collen D, Stump D.C, van de Werf F, Jang I.K, Nobuhara M, Lijnen H.R. Coronary thrombolysis in dogs with intravenously administered human pro-urokinase. Circulation 1985; 72: 384-8.
- 122 van de Werf F, Jang I.K, Collen D. Thrombolysis with recombinant human single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (rscu-PA). Dose-response in dogs with coronary artery thrombosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1987; 9: 91-3.
- 123 Flameng W, Vanhaecke J, Stump D.C, van de Werf F, Holmes W, Günzler W, Flohe L, Collen D. Coronary thrombolysis by intravenous infusion of recombinant single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator or recombinant urokinase in baboons. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 8: 118-24.
- 124 Söhngen W, Mickelson J.K, Simpson P.J, Lucchesi B.R. Recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (rscu-PA) induces thrombolysis and systemic fibrinolysis in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis. Thromb Res 1988; 51: 63-74.
- 125 Weimar W, Stibbe J, van Seyen A.J, Billiau A, De Somer P, Collen D. Specific lysis of an iliofemoral thrombus by administration of extrinsic (tissue-type) plasminogen activator. Lancet 1981; I: 1018-20.
- 126 Verstraete M, Collen D. Thrombolytic properties of t-PA in experimental venous occlusion and in patients with venous thrombosis. In: Collen et al. (eds) Thrombolysis: Biological and Therapeutic Properties of New Thrombolytic Agents. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1985: 49-60.
- 127 Turpie A.G.G. Thrombolytic therapy in venous thromboembolism. In: Sobel et al. (eds) Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Thrombolytic Therapy. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1987: 131-46.
- 128 Zimmermann R, Horn A, Harenberg J, Diehm C, Müller-Bühl U. et al. Thrombolysetherapie der tiefen venösen Thrombose mit rt-PA. In: Seifried et al. (eds). Neuere Entwicklungen in der fibrinolytischen Therapie. Klin Wschr 1988; 66 Suppl XII 137-42.
- 129 Yusuf S. Results of intravenous Streptokinase on mortality and reinfarction. An overview of 31 randomized controlled trials. Coronary Thrombolysis. Current Med Lit Ltd London 1988; pp 94-100.
- 130 Verstraete M, Bleifeld W, Brower R.W, Charbonnier B, Collen D. et al. Doubleblind randomised trial of intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator versus placebo in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1985; II: 965-9.
- 131 Neuhaus K.L, Feurer W, Tebbe U, Jeep-Tebbe S, Vogt A. Efficacy of a 90 minute-infusion of 100 mg tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 1988; 9: 9.
- 132 Simoons M.L, Arnold A.E.R, Betriu A, de Bono D.P, Col J. et al. Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction: no additional benefit from immediate percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Lancet 1988; I: 197-202.
- 133 Braunwald E, Knatterud G.L, Passamani E. Update from the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 10: 970.
- 134 TIMI Study Group. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Trial: Phase 1 results. N Engl J Med 1985; 312: 932-6.
- 135 Verstraete M, Bernarad R, Bory M, Brower R.W, Collen D. et al. Randomised trial of intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator versus intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1985; I: 842-7.
- 136 Neuhaus K.L, Tebbe U, Gottwik M, Weber M.A.J, Feuerer W, Niederer W, Haerer W, Praetorius F, Grosser K.D, Huhmann W, Hoepp H.W, Alber G, Sheikhzadeh A, Schneider B. Intravenöse Infusion von recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) und Urokinase beim akuten Myokardinfarkt: Zwischenergebnisse der G.A.U.S.-Studie (German Activator Urokinase Study). In: Seifried et al. (eds). Neuere Entwicklungen in der fibrinolytischen Therapie. Klin Wschr 1988; 66 Suppl XII 102-8.
- 137 Bounameaux H, Vermylen J, Collen D. Thrombolytic treatment with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in a patient with massive pulmonary embolism. Ann Intern Med 1985; 103: 64-5.
- 138 Goldhaber S.Z, Vaughan D.E, Markis J.E, Selwyn A.P, Meyerovitz M.F. et al. Acute pulmonary embolism treated with tissue plasminogen activator. Lancet 1986; II: 886-9.
- 139 Goldhaber S.Z, Markis J.E, Kessler C.M. Perspective on treatment of acute pulmonary embolism with tissue plasminogen activator. Semin in Thromb Hemostas 1987; 13: 221-7.
- 140 Goldhaber S.Z, Meyerovitz M.F, Markis J.E, Kim D, Kessler C.M. et al. Thrombolytic therapy of acute pulmonary embolism: current status and future potential. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 10: 96B-104B.
- 141 Verstraete M, Miller G.A.H, Bounameaux H, Charbonnier B, Colle J.P. et al. Intravenous and intrapulmonary recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in the treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism. Circulation 1988; 77: 353-60.
- 142 Graor R.A, Risius B, Young J.R, Denny K, Beven E.G. et al. Peripheral artery and bypass graft thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator. J Vase Surg 1986; 3: 115-24.
- 143 Graor R.A, Risius B. Thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with peripheral artery and bypass graft thrombosis. In: Sobel et al. (eds) Tissue plasminogen activator in thrombolytic therapy. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1987: 171-204.
- 144 Risius B, Graor R.A, Geisinger M.A, Zelch M.G, Lucas F.V. et al. Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator: a comparison of two doses. Radiology 1987; 164: 465-8.
- 145 Nicklas J.M, Topol E.J, Kander N, Walton J.A, Gorman L. et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rt-PA in unstable angina. Circulation 1987; 76: IV-305.
- 146 Shermann C.T, Litvack F, Grundfest W, Lee M, Hickey A. et al. Coronary angio-scopy in patients with unstable angina pectoris. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 913-9.
- 147 Reim M, Bertram B, Wolf S. Behandlungsversuche der Zentralvenenthrombose der Netzhaut mit Plasminogen-Aktivator (rt-PA). In: Seifried E, Lechner K, Heimpel H. (eds). Klin Wschr 1988; 66 Suppl XII 143-9.
- 148 Van de Werf F, Nobukara M, Collen D. Coronary thrombolysis with human singlechain, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (pio-urokinase) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Ann Int Med 1986; 104: 345-8.
- 149 Van de Werf F, Vanhaecke J, de Geest H, Verstraete M, Collen D. Coronary thrombolysis with recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1986; 74: 1066-70.
- 150 Schanzenbächer P, Huber J, Keller F, Kochsiek K. Erste Erfahrungen mit ProUrokinase beim akuten Herzinfarkt. Z Kardiol 1987; 76: 570-4.
- 151 Kasper W, Meinertz T, Hohnloser S, Engler H, Hasler C, Rössler W, Wolf H, Welzel D, Just H, Gurewich V. Coronary thrombolysis in man with pro-urokinase : improved efficacy with low dose urokinase. In: Seifried et al. (eds) Neuere Entwicklungen in der fibrinolytischen Therapie. Klin Wschr 1988; 66 Suppl XII 109-14.
- 152 Lijnen H.R, Collen D. Stimulation by heparin of the plasmin-mediated conversion of single-chain to two-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Thromb Res 1986; 43: 687-90.
- 153 Gulba D, Fischer K, Reil G.H, Lichtlen P. Thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction using pro-urokinase (PUK)-syn-ergistic effect between heparin and prourokinase. In: Breddin et al. (eds) Haemostasis and Thrombosis. New Developments in Haemostaseology. Haemostasis 1988: 85.
- 154 Baughman R.A. Pharmacokinetics of tissue plasminogen activator. In: Sobel B.E, Collen D, Grosshard E.B. (eds) Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Thrombolytic Therapy. Basel, New York: Marcel Dekker; 1987: 41-53.
- 155 Verstraete M. Pharmakokinetik des Gewe-be-Plasminogen-Aktivators. In: de Bono D.P, Brochier M.L, Hugenholtz P.G, Kubier W, Verstraete M. (eds) Thrombo-lytische Therapie des akuten Herzinfarktes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 1987: 61-74.
- 156 Seifried E, Tanswell P, Rijken D.C, Bar-rett-Bergshoeff M.M, Capf S.u, Kluft C. Pharmacokinetics of antigen and activity of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator after infusion in healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforsch/Drug Res 1988; 38: 418-22.
- 157 Van de Werf F, Ludbrook P.A, Bergmann S.R, Tiefenbrunn A.J, Fox K.A.A. et al. Clot-selective coronary thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with evolving myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 609-13.
- 158 Verstraetee M, Capf S.u, Tanswell P, Feuerer W, Collen D. Pharmacokinetics and effects on fibrinolytic and coagulation parameters of two doses of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in healthy volunteers. Thromb Haemost 1986; 56: 1-5.
- 159 Garabedian H.D, Gold H.K, Leinbach R.C, Johns J.A, Yasuda T. et al. Comparative properties of two clinical preparations of recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 9: 599-607.
- 160 Korninger C, Collen D. Studies on the specific fibrinolytic effect of human extrinsic (tissue-type) plasminogen activator in human blood and in various animal species in vitro. Thromb Haemost 1981; 46: 561-5.
- 161 Rijken D.C, Emeis J.J. Clearance of the heavy and light polypeptide chains of human tissue-type plasminogen activator in rats. Biochem J 1986; 238: 643-6.
- 162 Bakhit C, Lewis D, Busch U, Tanswell P, Möhler M. Biodisposition and catabolism of tissue-type plasminogen activator in rats and rabbits. Fibrinolysis 1988; 2: 31-6.
- 163 Tanswell P, Schlüter M, Krause J. Pharmacokinetics and isolated liver perfusion of carbohydrate-modified recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. Fibrinolysis 1988 (in press).
- 164 Krause J. Catabolism of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), its variants, mutants and hybrids. Fibrinolysis 1988; 2: 133-42.
- 165 Sprengers E.D, Kluft C. Plasminogen activator inhibitors. Blood 1987; 69: 381-7.
- 166 Lucore C.L, Sobel B.E. Interactions of tissue-type plasminogen activation with plasma inhibitor and their pharmacologic implications. Circulation 1988; 77: 660-9.
- 167 Beebe D.P. Binding of tissue plasminogen activator to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Thromb Res 1987; 46: 241-54.
- 168 Hajjar K.A, Hamel N.M, Harpel P.C, Nachman R.L. Binding of tissue plasminogen activator to cultured human endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 1987; 80: 1712-9.
- 169 Collen D, De Cock F, Lijnen H.R. Biological and thrombolytic properties of proenzyme and active forms of human uro-kinase-II. Turnover of natural and recombinant urokinase in rabbits and squirrel monkeys. Thromb Haemost 1984; 52: 24-6.
- 170 Mentzer R.L, Budzynski A.Z, Sherry S. High-dose, brief-duration intravenous infusion of streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction: description of effects in the circulation. Am J Cardiol 1986; 57: 1220-26.
- 171 Collen D, Bounameaux H, De Cock F, Lijnen H.R, Verstraete M. Analysis of coagulation and fibrinolysis during intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1986; 73: 511-7.
- 172 Rao K.A, Pratt C, Berke A, Jaffe A, Ockene I. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) trial-phase 1:hemorrhagic manifestations and changes in plasma fibrinogen and the fibrinolytic system in patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and streptokinase. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988; 11: 1-11.
- 173 Seifried E, Transwell P, Capf Su, Feurer W, Pindur G, Heimpel H. Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA): pharmacokinetics and effects on coagulation and fibrinolytic system in healthy volunteers. Fibrinolysis, eighth International Congress on Fibrinolysis 1986; 242.
- 174 Seifried E, Pindur G, Tanswell P, Su C.A.P.F, Feuerer W, Heimpel H. Effects of intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator on the coagulation and fibrinolytic system in healthy volunteers. Blut 1986; 53: 178.
- 175 Seifried E, Tanswell P, Su C.A.P.F, Feuerer W, Rijken D.C, Kluft C. Dose linearity and differentiation of in vitro and in vivo effects of rt-PA on haemostatic parameters in healthy men. Fibrinolysis 1988; 2 Suppl 81.
- 176 Collen D, Bounameaux H, De Cock F, Lijnen H.R, Verstraete M. Analysis of coagulation and fibrinolysis during intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1986; 73: 511-7.
- 177 Miles L.A, Plow E.F. Binding and activation of plasminogen on the platelet surface. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 4303-11.
- 178 Silverstein R.L, Leung L.L.K, Harpel P.C, Nachman R.L. Platelet thrombospondin forms a trimolecular complex with plasminogen and histidine-rich gylcoprotein. J Clin Invest 1985; 75: 2065-73.
- 179 Adelman B, Michelson A.D, Greenberg J, Handin R.I. Proteolysis of platelet glycoprotein lb by plasmin is facilitated by plasmin lysine-binding regions. Blood 1986; 68: 1280-4.
- 180 Strieker R.B, Wong D, Shui D.T, Reyes P.T, Shuman M.A. Activation of plasminogen by tissue plasminogen activator on normal and thrombosthenic platelets: effect on surface proteins and platelet aggregation. Blood 1986; 68: 275-80.
- 181 Vaughan D.E, Loscalzo L. Disaggregation of platelets: a comparison of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase and urokinase (abstract). Circulation 1986; 74 Suppl II 95.
- 182 Terres W, Umnus-Schnelle Mathey D.G, Bleifeld W. Wirkungen thrombolytischer Substanzen auf Thrombozytenaggregabili-tät und Stabilität von Plättchenaggregaten. Z Kardiol 1987; 76 (Suppl. 02) 54.
- 183 Schulman S, Lockner D, Grandqvist S, Bratt G, Paul C, Nyman D. A comparative randomized trial of low-dose versus high-dose streptokinase in deep vein thrombosis of the thigh. Thromb Haemost 1984; 51: 261-5.
- 184 Bauer P.I, Machovich R, Buki K.G, Csonka E, Koch S.A, Horvath I. Interaction of plasmin with endothel cells. Biochem J 1984; 218: 119-24.
- 185 Marder V.J, Sherry S. Thrombolytic therapy: current status. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 1512-8.
- 186 Conard J, Samama M.M. Theoretic and practical considerations on laboratory monitoring of thrombolytic therapy. Semin Thromb Haemost 1987; Vol 13, 2: 212-22.
- 187 Verstraete M, Bounameaux H, De Cock F, Van der Werf F, Collen D. Pharmacokinetics and systemic fibrinogenolytic effects of recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in humans. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 1985; 235: 506-12.
- 188 Gold H.K, Fallon J.T, Vasuda T, Leinbach R.C, Khaw B.A, Newell J.B, Guerrero J.L, Vislosky F.M, Hoyng C.F, Grossbard E, Collen D. Coronary thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator. Circulation 1984; 70: 700-7.
- 189 Seifried E, Tanswell P. Comparison of specific antibody, D-Phe-Pro-Arg-CH2Cl and aprotinin for prevention of in vitro effects of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator on hemostasis parameters. Thromb Haemost 1987; 58: 921-6.
- 190 Seifried E. Tissue-type Plasminogenaktiva-tor. Habilitationsschrift 1987.
- 191 Clauss A. Gerinnungsphysiologische Schnellmethode zur Bestimmung des Fibrinogens. Acta Haematol (Basel) 1957; 17: 237-46.
- 192 Rampling M.W, Gaffney P.J. The sulfate precipitation method for fibrinogen measurement: its use on small samples in the presence of fibrinogen degradation products. Clin Chim Acta 1976; 67: 43-52.
- 193 Nieuwenhuizen W. Persönliche Mitteilung.
- 194 Soria J, Soria C, Bertrand O, Dunn F, Samama M, Bachmann F. The amidolytic activity of the SK-plasminogen complex is enhanced by a potentiator which is generated in the presence of vascular plasminogen activator. Role of fibrinogen degradation products. Thromb Haemost 1982; 17: 193-7.
- 195 Nieuwenhuizen W. Plasma assays of fibri-nogen/fibrin degradation products and their clinical relevance. In: Proceedings of the Fibrinogen/Fibrin Workshop, Renfrew, Scottland, 6.–8. April 1987. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science; 1987
- 196 Seifried E, Tanswell P, Rijken D.C, Kluft C, Hoegee E, Nieuwenhuizen W. Fibrin degradation products are not specific markers for thrombolysis in myocardial infarction. Lancet 1987; II: 333-4.
- 197 Seifried E, Tanswell P, Ellbrück D, Haerer W, Schmidt A. Pharmacokinetics and haemostatic status during consecutive infusions of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with acute myocardial infarction. (Manuscript submitted).
- 198 Collen D, Stassen J.M, Stump D.C, Verstraete M. In vivo synergism of thrombolytic agents. Circulation 1986; 74: 838-42.
- 199 Ziskind A.A, Gold H.K, Yasuda T, Kanke M, Guererro J.L. et al. Coronary thrombolysis in dogs with synergistic combinations of human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and single chain uro-kinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA). Clin Res 1987; 35: 337A.
- 200 Collen D, De Cock F, Demarsin E, Lijnen H.R, Stump D.C. Absence of synergism between tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) and urokinase on clot lysis in a plasma milieu in vitro. Thromb Haemost 1986; 56: 35-9.
- 201 Gurewich V, Pannell R. Synergism of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) on clot lysis in vitro and a mechanism for this effect. Thromb Haemost 1987; 57: 372.
- 202 Lijnen H.R, Zamarron C, Blaber M, Winkler M.E, Collen D. Activation of plasminogen by pro-urokinase. 1. Mechanism. Biol Chem 1986; 261: 1253-8.
- 203 Collen D, Stump D.C, van de Werf F. Coronary thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction by intravenous infusion of synergic thrombolytic agents. Am Heart J 1986; 112: 1083-4.
- 204 Collen D, van de Werf F. Coronary arterial thrombolysis with low dose synergistic combinations of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (rscu-PA) for acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1987; 60: 431-4.
- 205 Topol E.J, Califf R.M, George B.S, Kereiakis D.J. Rothbaum, et al. Coronary arterial thrombolysis with combined infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1988; 77: 1100-7.
- 206 Collen D. Synergism, mutants and hybrids of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA): potential for thrombolytic therapy. Abstract no. 926. Thromb Haemost 1987; 58: 254.
- 207 Gheysen D, Lijnen H.R, Pierard L, de Foresta F, Demarsin E. et al. Characterization of a recombinant fusion protein of the finger domain of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) with a truncated single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 1987; 262: 11779-84.
- 208 Nelles L, Lijnen H.R, Collen D, Holmes W.E. Characterization of a fusion protein consisting of amino acids 1 to 263 of tissue-type plasminogen activator and amino acids 144 to 411 of urokinase-type plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 1987; 262: 10855-62.
- 209 Pierard L, Jacobs P, Gheysen D, Hoylaerts M, Andre B. et al. Mutant and chimeric recombinant plasminogen activators: production in eukaryotic cells and preliminary characterization. J Biol Chem 1987; 262: 11771-8.
- 210 Larsen G.R, Metzger M, Blue Y, Henderson K. Pharmacokinetics of genetically modified t-PA in the rat. Abstract 1815. Thromb Haemost 1987; 57: 491.
- 211 Collen D, Stassen J.M, Larsen G. Pharmacokinetics and thrombolytic properties of deletion mutants of human tissue-type plasminogen activator in rabbits. Blood 1988; 71: 216-9.
- 212 Browne M.J, Carey J.E, Chapman C.G, Tyrrell A.W.R, Entwisle C. et al. A tissue-type plasminogen activator mutant with prolonged clearance in vivo: effect of removal of the growth factor domain. J Biol Chem 1988; 263: 1599-602.
- 213 Fu K.P, Lee S, Hum W.T, Kalyan N, Rappaport R. et al. Disposition of a novel recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, Δ 2-89 TPA, in mice. Thromb Res 1988; 50: 33-41.
- 214 Nelles L, Lijnen H.R, Collen D, Holmes W.E. Characterization of recombinant human single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator mutants produced by site specific mutagenesis of Lys158 . J Biol Chem 1987; 262: 5682-9.
- 215 Runge M.S, Bode C, Matsueda G.R, Haber E. Tissue-type plasminogen activator antifibrin monoclonal antibody conjugate enhances clot-lysis in plasma. Circulation 1986; 74: 111-246.
- 216 Runge M.S, Bode C, Matsueda G.R, Haber E. Conjugation to an antifibrin monoclonal antibody enhances the fibrinolytic potency of tissue plasminogen activator in vivo. Biochemistry 1988; 27: 1153-7.
- 217 Bode C, Runge M.S, Matsueda G.R, Gold H.K, Haber C. Can intrinsic tissue-type plasminogen activator be concentrated at the site of a thrombus?. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 9: 81A.
- 218 Haber E, Runge M, Bode C, Branscomb B, Schnee J. et al. Antibody targeted fibrinolysis. Abstract no 924. Thromb Haemost 1987; 58: 253.
- 219 Bode C, Matsueda G.R, Hui K.Y, Haber E. Antibody-directed urokinase: a specific fibrinolytic agent. Science 1985; 229: 765-7.
- 220 Silverstein R.L, Leung L.K, Nachmann R.L. Thrombospondin: A versatile multifunctional glycoprotein. Arteriosclerosis 1986; 6: 245-53.