Seminars in Plastic Surgery 2019; 33(02): 138-142
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1685474
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Complications and Treatment of Delayed or Inadequately Treated Nasoorbitoethmoid Fractures

Peter S. Han
1  Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
,
Yohanan Kim
1  Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
,
Alan S. Herford
2  Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
,
Jared C. Inman
1  Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
26 April 2019 (online)

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Abstract

Delayed or improper repair of nasoorbitoethmoid (NOE) fractures can lead to debilitating outcomes including diplopia, epiphora, nasal obstruction, facial asymmetry, and poor cosmesis. As such, NOE fractures should be repaired promptly and properly to prevent these unwanted sequelae. Treating patients with delayed, untreated, or inadequately reduced NOE fractures is challenging due to scarring and contracture. Saddle nose deformity, telecanthus, enophthalmos, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and soft-tissue scarring are often encountered in the secondary management of NOE fractures and should be addressed in the overall context of reestablishing facial symmetry and function.

Keywords

Nasoorbitoethmoid fractures - fractures - revision

Financial Support

None.


Author Contributions

All authors contributed substantially to, and approve of, this manuscript.