Microlitiasis testicular como factor de riesgo de Cáncer testicular - Estudio de casos y controles

Hugo López-Ramos; Mauricio Medina-Rico; Sofía Manjarrés; Maria Camila Usubillaga; Daniela Sierra

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1688464

Revista Urología Colombiana / Colombian Urology Journal, Table of Contents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Revista Urología Colombiana / Colombian Urology Journal 2020; 29(01): 039-042
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688464

Original Article | Artículo Original

Urologic Oncology/Urología Oncológica

Sociedad Colombiana de Urología. Publicado por Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Microlitiasis testicular como factor de riesgo de Cáncer testicular - Estudio de casos y controles

Testicular Microlithiasis: A Risk Factor for Testicular Cancer – A Case Control Study

Hugo López-Ramos

¹Departamento de Urología. Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia

,

Mauricio Medina-Rico

²Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística. Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia

,

Sofía Manjarrés

³Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia

,

Maria Camila Usubillaga

⁴Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia

,

Daniela Sierra

⁵Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Resumen

Introducción Con una prevalencia entre el 1,5% y el 5,6%, la microlitiasis testicular es un hallazgo incidental. Aunque se ha propuesto una posible asociación entre la microlitiasis testicular y el cáncer testicular dicha relación no ha sido comprobada.

Objetivos Establecer la relación entre microlitiasis testicular y cáncer testicular.

Métodos Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles con la base de datos de un hospital de la ciudad de Bogotá de pacientes atendidos entre 2007 y 2017. Tanto casos como controles debían tener entre 5 y 35 años de edad, sin otros antecedentes que aumentaran el riesgo de cáncer testicular (criptorquidia, antecedente de cáncer testicular contralateral). Los casos debían tener reporte ecográfico y patológico del cáncer testicular así como una historia clínica completa de valoración por Urología. Los controles fueron pacientes que consultaron por otros cuadros de molestia testicular a quienes se les descartó ecográficamente la presencia de cáncer.

Resultados Se identificaron 24 casos y 96 controles. Al momento de calcular los riesgos relativos indirectos, se obtuvieron un OR crudo de 7,86 (95% CI 2,3 - 26,86) y un OR ajustado por tabaquismo de 10,66 (95% IC 3,29 - 34,55). Al ajustar por edad, historia de cáncer familiar y antecedente de varicocele, no se encontraron diferencias.

Conclusión Existe una aparente asociación entre microlitiasis testicular y cáncer testicular. A pesar de eso, estudios con tamaños de muestra más grande serían beneficiosos. Así mismo, al no poder determinar la existencia de una asociación temporal que permita hablar de causalidad entre las dos condiciones, esos resultados deben tomarse con cautela.

Abstract

Introduction Testicular microliathiasis is an incidental finding with a prevalence that varies between 1,5% and 5,6%. Although a possible association between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer has been proposed, this relationship has not been proven.

Objective To establish the association between testicular microlithiasis and testis cancer.

Methods A case-control study was conducted with the database of a hospital in the city of Bogotà, Colombia, of patients treated between 2007 and 2017. Both cases and controls should be between 5 and 35 years of age, with no other history that would increase the risk of testicular cancer (cryptorchidism, antecedent of contralateral testicular cancer). The cases had to have an ecographic and pathological report of testicular cancer as well as a complete clinical history of assessment by Urology. Likewise, the control group were patients who attended during the same period, with other testicular problems, such as: hydrocele, varicocele or inguinal hernia and with ultrasound findings that ruled out testicular cancer.

Results We identified 24 cases and 96 controls. We found a crude OR of 7.86 (95% CI 2.3–26.86) and an OR adjusted for smoking of 10.66 (95% CI 3.29–34, 55). When adjusting for age, family cancer history and varicocele history, no differences were found.

Conclusion There is an apparent association between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer. Despite this, studies with larger sample sizes would be beneficial. Likewise, since it cannot determine the existence of a temporary association that allows to speak of causality between the two conditions, these results must be taken with caution.

Palabras clave

cáncer testicular - neoplasias testiculares - enfermedades testiculares - microlitiasis testicular - odds ratio - factor de riesgo

Keywords

testicular cancer - testicular neoplasm - testiculares diseases - testicular microlithiasis - odds ratio - risk factor

Full Text

References

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