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DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1690215
Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted Biaryls by Small-Molecule-Catalyzed Noncanonical Polyketide Cyclizations
We gratefully acknowledge the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant Numbers BSSGI0-155902/1 and 175746), the University of Basel, and the NCCR Molecular Systems Engineering for financial support.Publikationsverlauf
Received: 12. September 2019
Accepted after revision: 07. Oktober 2019
Publikationsdatum:
22. Oktober 2019 (online)
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Abstract
The arene-forming aldol condensation is a fundamental reaction in the biosynthesis of aromatic polyketides. Precisely controlled by the polyketide synthases, the highly reactive poly-β-carbonyl substrates are diverged into numerous aromatic natural products by selective cyclization reactions; a fascinating biosynthetic strategy that sparked our interest to investigate atroposelective aldol condensations. In this Account, we contextualize and highlight the ability of small-molecule catalysts to selectively convert noncanonical hexacarbonyl substrates in a double arene-forming aldol condensation resulting in the atroposelective synthesis of tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted biaryls. The hexacarbonyl substrates were obtained by a fourfold ozonolysis enabling a late-stage introduction of all carbonyl functions in one step. Secondary amine catalysts capable of forming an extended hydrogen-bonding network triggered the noncanonical polyketide cyclization in order to form valuable biaryls in high yields and with stereocontrol of up to 98:2 er.
1 Biosynthesis of Aromatic Polyketides
2 Rotationally Restricted Aromatic Polyketides
3 3,3′-Substituted Binaphthalenes in Catalysis
4 Stereoselective Synthesis of Atropisomers
5 Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-Substituted Biaryls by the Atroposelective Arene-Forming Aldol Condensation
6 Conclusion
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References and Notes
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