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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2022; 35(01): 001-009
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735290
Original Research

Effect of Stem Positioning on Biomechanical Performance of a Novel Cementless Short-Stem Canine Total Hip Implant

Natalie Jean Worden 
1   Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
,
Kristian J. Ash
1   Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
,
Nathaniel R. Ordway 
2   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
,
Mark Miller
2   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
,
Kenneth A. Mann
2   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
,
Gretchen M. VanDeventer
1   Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
,
Dominick M. Valenzano
1   Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
,
Mitsunori Kayano
3   Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
,
Mizuki Tomihari
3   Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
,
Kei Hayashi
1   Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of stem positioning on the biomechanical performance of a novel, collared, short-stem total hip implant under compression and torsion ex vivo.

Study Design Six canine cadaveric femurs were implanted with a collared short-stem femoral implant. Canal flare index (CFI), stem angle, absolute and relative cut heights and relative size were measured radiographically and used as independent variables. Biomechanical performance of the construct was evaluated using physiologic loading (loading) and supraphysiologic loading (failure) protocols.

Results During loading protocols, compressive stiffness was influenced by absolute cut height (p = 0.018). During failure protocols, peak torque was influenced by CFI (p = 0.004) and craniocaudal relative size (p = 0.005). Peak load and torsional stiffness were not impacted by any of the radiographic variables (p > 0.05). Three of six femurs developed longitudinal fractures originating at the medial calcar at the time of failure.

Conclusion The biomechanical performance of the collared short-stem implant was positively impacted by preserving more of the femoral neck, having a higher CFI and using a smaller implant size relative to the femoral neck isthmus.

Keywords

total hip - short stem - implant - biomechanics - dogs

Authors' Contributions

K.J.A., N.J.W., N.R.O, M.A.M, K.A.M., G.M.V., K.H. conceptualized the study. K.J.A., N.J.W., N.R.O, M.A.M, K.A.M., D.M.V., K.H. designed the study. K.J.A., N.J.W., N.R.O, M.A.M, K.A.M., G.M.V. acquired the data. K.J.A., N.J.W., N.R.O, M.A.M, K.A.M., M.K., M.T., K.H. did data analysis and interpretation. All authors drafted, revised and approved the submitted manuscript. They are publically accountable for relevant content.




Publication History

Received: 09 August 2020

Accepted: 12 July 2021

Article published online:
21 September 2021

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