Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 2022; 12(02): 145-149
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736278
Original Article

Compliance of Diabetic Clients: Effect of Nurse-Led Home Care Interventions and Monitoring

K. C. Leena 
1   Yenepoya Nursing College, Yenepoya (deemed to be) University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Irene Alvares
2   Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Sonia Karen Liz Sequeira
2   Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Priya Sweety Pereira
2   Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
N. C. Deepika
2   Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Hazel Asha Sequeira
2   Father Muller College of Nursing, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objectives Type 2 diabetes impacts greatly on quality of life. Health-care providers must focus on efforts to detect, treat, and manage clients through supportive educative approach. This study aims to measure effectiveness of nurse-led home care interventions.

Materials and Methods This study among 103 diabetic subjects measured baseline blood pressure (BP), weight, and blood glucose levels. Information on compliance was obtained using a rating scale consisting of domains: dietary habits, exercise, rest, sleep, symptom management, prevention of complications, medication, and follow-up. Individualized comprehensive nursing interventions (education, testing, counselling) were provided, that were reinforced two times a week for 4 weeks, with minimum 7 home visits carried out by the researchers who are registered nurses and teaching faculty along with six interns of BSc nursing program. Post-tests were obtained at second and fourth weeks after start of intervention.

Results Significant improvement in blood sugar (p < 0.05), systolic BP (p < 0.001), and diastolic BP (p < 0.001) was observed. There was no change in body mass index (BMI) (p > 0.05). Post-hoc analysis found significant difference between pre-, post1- and post2-measures. Significant association was found between dietary habits and BMI (p < 0.05) and diastolic BP (p < 0.05). Compliance improved from 29 (28.2%) to 47(45.6%), partially compliant from 55 (53.4%) to 45 (43.7%) and noncompliant 19 (18.4%) to 11 (10.7%), with a clear improvement in each of the domains of compliance.

Conclusion Individualized comprehensive interventions delivered at the natural environment of families by registered nurses effectively improve compliance to diabetes management.

Keywords

nurse-led interventions - home care nursing - diabetes - visiting nurses - compliance


Publication History

Article published online:
24 October 2021

© 2021. Nitte (Deemed to be University). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 IDF Diabetes Atlas Group. Update of mortality attributable to diabetes for the IDF Diabetes Atlas: estimates for the year 2013. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2015; 109 (03) 461-465
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Jose R, Augustine P, Nujum Z. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and pre diabetes in Neyyattinkara Taluk of South Kerala. Academic Medical Journal of India 2013; 1 (01) 1-7
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M. et al; ICMR–INDIAB Collaborative Study Group. Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) in urban and rural India: phase I results of the Indian Council of Medical Research-INdia DIABetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study. Diabetologia 2011; 54 (12) 3022-3027
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Arogyaworld.org. Published 2021. Accessed August 9, 2021 at: http://www.arogyaworld.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/ArogyaWorld_IndiaDiabetes_FactSheets_CGI2013_web.pdf
  • 5 Padmanabha U, Nalam U, Badiger S, Nagarajaiah P. Prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the rural population of Mangalore, South India. Natl J Community Med 2021; 8 (08) 456-461 Accessed Aug 9, 2021
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Chandra P, Gogate B, Gogate P, Thite N, Mutha A, Walimbe A. Economic burden of diabetes in urban Indians. Open Ophthalmol J 2014; 8 (01) 91-94
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Okoh BAN, Jaja T. Knowledge and awareness of diabetes among adolescents in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. African Journal of Diabetes Medicine 2021; 22 (02) 18-20
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Khan N, Gomathi KG, Shehnaz SI, Muttappallymyalil J. Diabetes mellitus-related knowledge among university students in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2012; 12 (03) 306-314
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Bodenheimer T, Lorig K, Holman H, Grumbach K. Patient self-management of chronic disease in primary care. JAMA 2002; 288 (19) 2469-2475
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Carbone ET, Rosal MC, Torres MI, Goins KV, Bermudez OI. Diabetes self-management: perspectives of Latino patients and their health care providers. Patient Educ Couns 2007; 66 (02) 202-210
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Rajasekharan D, Kulkarni V, Unnikrishnan B, Kumar N, Holla R, Thapar R. Self-care activities among patients with diabetes attending a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore Karnataka, India. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2015; 5 (01) 59-64
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Robinson KM. Family caregiving: who provides the care, and at what cost?. Nurs Econ 1997; 15 (05) 243-247
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Azinge N. Healthy adolescents' knowledge of diabetes mellitus in a semi-urban community in South-South Nigeria. Orient Journal of Medicine 2020; 25 (3–4): 126-130
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Rothman RL, Mulvaney S, Elasy TA. et al. Self-management behaviors, racial disparities, and glycemic control among adolescents with type 2 diabetes. Pediatrics 2008; 121 (04) e912-e919
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Duff EM, O'Connor A, McFarlane-Anderson N, Wint YB, Bailey EY, Wright-Pascoe RA. Self-care, compliance and glycaemic control in Jamaican adults with diabetes mellitus. West Indian Med J 2006; 55 (04) 232-236
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Tan MY, Magarey J. Self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control. Patient Educ Couns 2008; 72 (02) 252-267
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Azami G, Soh KL, Sazlina SG. et al. Effect of a nurse-led diabetes self-management education program on glycosylated hemoglobin among adults with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018: 4930157
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Hayes E, McCahon C, Panahi MR, Hamre T, Pohlman K. Alliance not compliance: coaching strategies to improve type 2 diabetes outcomes. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 2008; 20 (03) 155-162
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Bhattacharya N, Biswas R, Das MK, Chatterjee PS. A study of compliance status of diabetes mellitus patients. Indian J Public Health 2005; 49 (01) 34-35
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Melko C, Terry P, Camp K, Xi M, Healey M. Diabetes health coaching improves medication adherence: a pilot study. Am J Lifestyle Med 2009; 4 (02) 187-194
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar