Psychische Störungen in den reproduktiven Phasen der Frau: Häufigkeiten, Verlauf und Besonderheiten

Zusammenfassung

Epidemiologische Studien zeigen geschlechtsspezifische Prävalenzraten und Verläufe psychischer Störungen. So treten affektive, Angst-, somatoforme und Essstörungen bei Frauen häufiger auf als bei Männern. Andere Störungsklassen scheinen bei beiden Geschlechtern ähnlich verteilt zu sein (z. B. psychotische Störungen) bzw. bei Männern häufiger vorzukommen (z. B. Substanzstörungen).

Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die Beschreibung des Verlaufs psychischer Störungen bei Frauen in den reproduktiven Phasen (prämenstruelle Phasen, Peripartalzeit, Perimenopause) unter Berücksichtigung der hormonellen und neuroendokrinen Besonderheiten im Zusammenhang mit dem Menstruationszyklus, der Schwangerschaft und Postpartalzeit sowie der Perimenopause. Es sollen auch Empfehlungen für das geschlechtsspezifische diagnostische und therapeutische Vorgehen gegeben werden.

Abstract

Epidemiological studies indicate sex-specific differences in prevalence rates and the natural course of mental disorders. Affective, anxiety, somatoform and eating disorders are more prevalent in women than men, whereas substance use disorders occur more commonly in men, and some disorders are equally distributed in both sexes (e. g. psychotic disorders). The aim of this review is to depict the natural course of mental disorders during the reproductive stages (premenstrual phases, peripartum period, perimenopause) in women, including also neuroendocrine features associated with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, puerperium and perimenopause. Recommendations for sex-specific diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are provided.

¹ Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde; Ausgabe 07, 2010

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