Transkranielle elektrische Hirnstimulation

Zusammenfassung

Die transkranielle elektrische Hirnstimulation durch schwachen Gleichstrom (tDCS) oder Wechselstrom (tACS, tRNS) wird klinisch und experimentell zunehmend eingesetzt, um kognitive und motorische Funktionen bei gesunden Personen und Patienten mit neurologischen Erkrankungen zu verbessern. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fokussiert auf den therapeutischen Stellenwert der Gleichstromstimulation in der Neuro-rehabilitation und bietet eine Übersicht zur Studienlage bei motorischen und nicht-motorischen Symptomen nach Schlaganfall, Aufmerksamkeits- und Bewusstseinsstörungen sowie bei Morbus Parkinson.

Abstract

Transcranial electrical brain stimulation using weak direct current (tDCS) or alternating current (tACS) is being increasingly used in clinical and experimental settings to improve cognitive and motor functions in healthy subjects and neurological patients. This review focuses on the therapeutic value of transcranial direct current stimulation for neurorehabilitation and provides an overview of studies addressing motor and non-motor symptoms after stroke, disorders of attention and consciousness as well as Parkinson’s disease.

Schlüsselwörter

nichtinvasive Hirnstimulation - Schlaganfall - Neuroplastizität - Neurorehabilitation

Keywords

noninvasive brain stimulation - stroke - neuroplasticity - neurorehabilitation

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