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Rofo 2017; 189(08): 728-739
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-108550
Review
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Diagnostik und Differenzialdiagnostik des Hydrozephalus beim Erwachsenen

Article in several languages: English | deutsch
Sönke Langner
1   Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitymedicine Greifswald
,
Steffen Fleck
2   Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
,
Jörg Baldauf
2   Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
,
Birger Mensel
1   Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitymedicine Greifswald
,
Jens Peter Kühn
1   Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitymedicine Greifswald
,
Michael Kirsch
1   Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitymedicine Greifswald
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

19 December 2016

15 March 2017

Publication Date:
16 May 2017 (online)

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Widmung

Professor Hosten zum 60. Geburtstag

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Bei einem „Hydrozephalus“ kommt es durch ein Missverhältnis zwischen Liquorproduktion und -resorption oder ein Abflusshindernis zu einer Dilatation der Ventrikel und einem konsekutiven Anstieg des Hirndrucks. Die Bildgebung ist von zentraler Bedeutung, um die Diagnose zu bestätigen, die Ursache zu identifizieren und die Therapie planen zu können.

Methode Der Übersichtsartikel stellt die verschiedenen Formen des Hydrozephalus und deren bildmorphologische Charakteristika vor, beschreibt die zur Verfügung stehenden Untersuchungstechniken sowie mögliche Differenzialdiagnosen der einzelnen Erkrankungen.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung Für die Diagnose und Differenzialdiagnose des Hydrozephalus ist die Bildgebung von zentraler Bedeutung. Untersuchungsmethode der Wahl ist die MRT wobei in Notfallsituationen die initiale Diagnostik häufig mit CT erfolgt.

Kernaussagen 

  • Ein Hydrocephalus occlusus ist durch eine Blockade des Liquorabflusses bedingt.

  • Ein Hydrocephalus malresorptivus ist durch eine Störung der Liquorresorption bedingt.

  • Das MR-Untersuchungsprotokoll sollte immer sagittale hochauflösende T2-gewichtete Aufnahmen umfassen.

  • Bei Verdacht auf ein entzündliches oder tumoröses Geschehen ist die Kontrastmittelgabe obligat.

Zitierweise

  • Langner S, Fleck S, Baldauf J et al. Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus in Adults. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2017; 189: 728 – 739

Key words

hydrocephalus - brain - MR imaging
 

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