Judging Surgical Quality in Facial Reconstruction

Abstract

Judging surgical quality within facial reconstruction is challenging for many reasons. Factors beyond the completion of surgery influence the quality of the result, demanding the surgeon to predict and mitigate potential confounders of quality. This skill is honed over years of experience and practice. Patient satisfaction, risk profile, and the ideals within the field are central to understanding the quality of the outcome.

Keywords

surgical quality - facial reconstruction - 10,000-hour rule - function - symmetry

Publication History

Article published online:
17 December 2024

• References

• 1 Kirkman MA. Deliberate practice, domain-specific expertise, and implications for surgical education in current climes. J Surg Educ 2013; 70 (03) 309-317
• 2 Gladwell M. Outliers: The Story of Success. New York, NY: Little, Brown and Co; 2008
• 3 Kluska MS. Cosmetic surgery of the breast: “art, science & safety.”. In: Thomas M, D'silva J. eds. Manual of Cosmetic Medicine and Surgery. Vol. 2. Breast Reshaping. Singapore: Springer; 2023: 3-13
• 4 Reider B. Too much? Too soon?. Am J Sports Med 2017; 45 (06) 1249-1251
• 5 Ericsson KA. The acquisition of expert performance: an introduction to some of the issues. In: Ericsson KA. ed. The Road to Excellence. New York, NY: Psychology Press; 2014: 127-165
• 6 Aly A, Tolazzi A, Soliman S, Cram A. Quantitative analysis of aesthetic results: introducing a new paradigm. Aesthet Surg J 2012; 32 (01) 120-124
• 7 Harun NA, Adam KBC, Abdullah NA, Rusli N. Is a symmetrical face really attractive?. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2023; 52 (06) 703-709
• 8 Losquadro WD, Bared A, Toriumi DM. Correction of the retracted alar base. Facial Plast Surg 2012; 28 (02) 218-224
• 9 Millard DR. Principle 8. In: Principalization of Plastic Surgery. Boston, MA: Little Brown, & Co; 1986: 78-112
• 10 Gorney M, Harries T. The preoperative and postoperative consideration of natural facial asymmetry. Plast Reconstr Surg 1974; 54 (02) 187-191
• 11 Donabedian A, Wheeler JR, Wyszewianski L. Quality, cost, and health: an integrative model. Med Care 1982; 20 (10) 975-992
• 12 Alsarraf R. Outcomes research in facial plastic surgery: a review and new directions. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44 (04) 1210-1215
• 13 Klassen AF, Cano SJ, Scott A, Snell L, Pusic AL. Measuring patient-reported outcomes in facial aesthetic patients: development of the FACE-Q. Facial Plast Surg 2010; 26 (04) 303-309
• 14 Ottenhof MJ, Veldhuizen IJ, Hensbergen LJV. et al. The use of the FACE-Q aesthetic: a narrative review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46 (06) 2769-2780
• 15 McAllister L, Thornton JF. Facial reconstruction: the nuances of managing undesirable results. Semin Plast Surg 2024; 38 (04) 335-340