Zusammenfassung
Patientenberichte Wir berichten über
zwei Knaben, ein Frühgeborenes (Gestationsalter 31 SSW, Geburtsgewicht
1420 g) und ein Reifgeborenes (Gestationsalter 38 SSW, Geburtsgewicht
3680 g) mit Ornithintranscarbamylase(OTC)-Mangel. Beide erlitten nach
initial guter Anpassung im Rahmen der postnatalen Katabolie am 2. bzw. 4.
Lebenstag (LT) metabolische Krisen bis zur Beatmungspflichtigkeit. Nach
Diagnose der Hyperammonämie (NH3
> 1000 μmol/l) erfolgten der Nachweis des für den
OTC-Mangel typischen Aminosäure-Musters im Serum sowie einer exzessiv
erhöhten Orotsäure-Ausscheidung im Urin. Neben Infusionstherapie
(Insulin-Glukose- und Fettinfusion, Na-Benzoat, Arginin-HCl, L-Carnitin) wurde
zur Senkung des NH3 -Spiegels bei dem Frühgeborenen
zunächst eine Austauschtransfusion durchgeführt, nach klinischer
Stabilisierung Versorgung mit zentralvenösen Kathetern,
Hämofiltration und -dialyse. Das Kind verstarb nach schweren Kreislauf-
und Gerinnungsstörungen am 14. LT. Der reifgeborene Knabe tolerierte die
effektive Hämofiltration und wurde am 26. LT unter spezifischer Therapie
nach Hause entlassen.Schlussfolgerung Entscheidend
für die Prognose des OTC-Mangels sind der Zeitpunkt der Diagnosestellung
sowie der Einfluss zusätzlicher Risikofaktoren. Die unmittelbaren
Behandlungsziele (Stabilisierung der Vitalfunktionen, Senkung des
NH3 -Spiegels, Steuerung der Ernährung) sind nur in
Zusammenarbeit zwischen Neonatologie, Stoffwechselbereich, pädiatrischer
Nephrologie und Kinderchirurgie zu realisieren.
Patient reports We report on a male preterm
infant (gestational age 31 weeks, birth weight 1420 g) and a male term
infant (gestational age 38 weeks, birth weight 3680 g) with ornithine
transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency. After inconspicuous cardiopulmonary
adjustment, both entered a state of metabolic crisis with respiratory
insufficiency and ventilatory requirement at the 2nd and 4th day of life,
respectively. Diagnosis of hyperammonemia (NH3
> 1000 μmol/l) was followed by the detection of a plasma
amino acid pattern that is typical for OTC-deficiency and an excessive orotic
aciduria. Beside intravenous treatment (insulin-glucose-infusion, lipid
infusion, sodium benzoate, arginine, L-carnitine), the preterm infant received
an exchange transfusion and was supplied with central venous catheters,
hemofiltration and hemodialysis. He died after severe disturbances of
circulation and coagulation at the 14th day. The male term infant tolerated the
effective hemofiltration and was dicharged home with specific therapy at day
26.Conclusions Time of diagnosis and influence of
additional risk factors are decisively for the prognosis of OTC-deficiency. The
immediate aims of therapy (stabilization of vital functions, reduction of
plasma ammonium, control of nutrition) can only be realized in cooperation
between neonatology, division of metabolism, pediatric nephrology and pediatric
surgery.
Schlüsselwörter
Hyperammonämie - Ornithin-Transcarbamylase-Mangel - OTC-Mangel
Key words
Hyperammonemia - ornithine-transcarbamylase-deficiency - OTC-deficiency
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Dr. med. Axel Hübler
Abteilung Neonatologie und Pädiatrische
Intensivmedizin Klinik für Kinder- und
Jugendmedizin Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Kochstraße 2
07740 Jena
Phone: 0 36 41 -
93 82 59
Fax: 0 36 41 -
93 80 75