Psychotherapie bei Kokainabhängigkeit

Zusammenfassung

Psychotherapeutische Ansätze in der Suchtbehandlung sind weit verbreitet, aber bisher wenig wissenschaftlich evaluiert worden. Es werden zunächst therapeutische Settings und Ansätze als auch Qualitäten der Therapeuten beschrieben, die sich in der Psychotherapie bewährt haben. Anschließend werden drei verhaltenstherapeutische Modelle für Kokainabhängigkeit dargestellt: individuelle Drogenberatung, kognitive Verhaltenstherapie, gemeindenahes Verstärkermodell. Zuletzt werden die vier Interventionen der NIDA-Kokain-Therapiestudie evaluiert, die alle zu einer Reduzierung des Konsums und Verbesserungen in anderen Bereichen führten.

Abstract

Psychotherapeutic interventions are frequently used in addiction treatment, however they have been seldomly evaluated. This paper presents therapeutic settings and techniques as well as qualities of therapists, that have shown to be effective. It further describes three behavioral models for cocaine dependence: individual drug counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, community reinforcement approach. Then the four interventions in the NIDA-cocaine-treatment study are evaluated, which all led to a reduction of cocaine use and improvements in other areas.

Schlüsselwörter

Psychotherapie - Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie - Kokainabhängigkeit

Key words

Psychotherapy - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - Cocaine Dependence

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