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Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2002; 70(10): 520-530
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34670
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Entwicklung und aktuelle Forschungstrends der antidepressiven repetitiven transkraniellen Magnetstimulation (rTMS)

Historical Review and Recent Research Trends of the Antidepressant Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)C.  Schönfeldt-Lecuona1 , H.  Walter1 , B.  J.  Connemann1 , J.  Kassubek1 , M.  Spitzer1 , U.  Herwig1
  • 1Abteilung Psychiatrie III, Universitätsklinik Ulm (Direktor: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. M. Spitzer)
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
11. Oktober 2002 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die antidepressive Wirkung der repetitiven transkraniellen Magnetstimulation (rTMS) wurde in den letzten Jahren in zahlreichen Studien untersucht. Das Spektrum der Ergebnisse reicht von der Beurteilung der Methodik als unwirksam bis hin zu Besserungsraten um mehr als 50 %. Ein Vergleich der Ergebnisse verschiedener Arbeitsgruppen wird dadurch erschwert, dass sich die meisten Studien hinsichtlich der Stimulationsparameter, der Patientenauswahlkriterien und weiterer Designaspekte voneinander erheblich unterscheiden. Explizit pathophysiologisch begründete Parameter für eine antidepressiv wirksame Stimulation wurden bisher nicht gefunden; dies sollte Thema künftiger Untersuchungen sein, wobei unterstützend auch funktionell bildgebende Techniken herangezogen werden können. Dieser Artikel bietet eine Übersicht der bisher publizierten Studien, eine kritische Analyse der verschiedenen Stimulationsprotokolle und zeigt mögliche Zukunftsperspektiven der antidepressiven TMS auf.

Abstract

The antidepressant effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been studied intensively over the last years. Numerous studies worldwide yielded variable results ranging from ineffectivity to an efficacy rate of more than 50 % for the reduction of depressive symptoms. A comparison of the effectiveness of TMS across studies is difficult due to the variety of chosen stimulation parameters, different inclusion criteria, and different designs. The discrepancies in results could be partially in account to these factors. From a pathophysiological point of view, there are no empirically justified parameters published carrying out an antidepressant TMS. Further studies are required to find optimal stimulation parameters using complementary methods like functional imaging techniques or regarding other factors that could interfere with its efficacy. An overview of studies published in the last ten years, a critical analysis of stimulation procedures and protocols, and possible future perspectives of this method are reviewed in this article.

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Dr. med. C. Schönfeldt-Lecuona

Abteilung Psychiatrie III Universität Ulm

Leimgrubenweg 12

89075 Ulm

eMail: carlos.schoenfeldt@medizin.uni-ulm.de