Genetik bipolar affektiver Störungen

Zusammenfassung

Bipolar affektive Störungen, die durch einen Wechsel von depressiven und manischen Krankheitsepisoden gekennzeichnet sind, zählen zu den komplex bedingten Erkrankungen. Das heißt, sowohl Umwelteinflüsse als auch Gene beeinflussen die Krankheitsdisposition und entwicklung. Die Suche nach den Vulnerabilitätsgenen konzentriert sich zurzeit auf chromosomale Regionen, für die in unabhängigen Kopplungsuntersuchungen Evidenz für das Vorhandensein solcher Gene gefunden wurde. Die Kenntnis dieser Gene wird zu einem besserenVerständnis der Pathophysiologie der Erkrankung führen und die Voraussetzungen zur Untersuchung von Gen-Umwelt-Interaktionen schaffen. Man hofft, dass die dabei erzielten Erkenntnisse die Grundlage zur Entwicklung neuer kausaler und individueller Therapien legen werden.

Summary

Bipolar affective disorder is characterised by a pathological change of mood ranging from depressive to manic episodes. The aetiology is complex, with genetic as well as environmental factors contributing to the disposition and course of the disease. The intensive search for vulnerability genes concentrates on those chromosomal regions for which independent linkage studies have repeatedly provided evidence to host those genes. Knowledge of these genes will provide a better understanding of the disorder's pathophysiology and will allow to investigate gene-environment interactions. It is hoped that these developments will lead to new rational and individualised therapies.

Key Words

bipolar disorder - manic-depression - vulnerability genes - family study - twin study - association - linkage - risk factor

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