Scope and Limitations of the Scandium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Chiral Allylboronates to Aldehydes

Abstract

Scandium triflate catalyzes the addition of camphor-derived allyl-, methallyl-, and crotylboronates to aldehydes to provide homoallylic alcohols with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity. Aromatic, aliphatic, and propargylic aldehydes can be used successfully in this system. Additional advantages of the camphor-diol allylboronates are their ease of synthesis, their availability in both enantiomeric forms, and their stability towards silica gel chromatography. The usefulness of this methodology is further demonstrated by the gram-scale synthesis of various homoallylic alcohols of high enantiomeric excess and by the concise synthesis of the phero­mone (4S)-2-methyloctan-4-ol.

• 1 Introduction

• 2 Results and Discussion

• 2.1 Optimization

• 2.2 Substrate Scope

• 2.3 Synthetic Applications

• 2.4 Mechanistic Considerations

• 3 Conclusion

Key words

allylations - chiral auxiliaries - crotylations - Lewis acids - scandium

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10

For a notable exception using silicon reagents see ref. 9.