Zytokine und kutane Lymphome

Zusammenfassung

Zytokine spielen als wichtige Botenstoffe des Immunsystems eine große Rolle in der Pathogenese von kutanen Lymphomen. Ihre Bedeutung resultiert aus autokrinen, parakrinen und endogenen Effekten. In zahlreichen Untersuchungen konnte die Überexpression einzelner Zytokine bei verschiedenen kutanen Lymphomen gezeigt werden. Dabei wurden auch stadienabhängige Verschiebungen im Zytokinprofil, z. B. bei der Mycosis fungoides (MF), beobachtet. Es existieren zahlreiche Hinweise, dass eine gestörte Zytokinexpression bei kutanen Lymphomen für die Tumorprogression verantwortlich ist. Dieses resultiert aus einer Stimulation der Proliferation der malignen Zellen und/oder der Unterdrückung einer adäquaten Anti-Tumor-Immunantwort. Darüber hinaus können Zytokine für eine Reihe von Immunphänomenen verantwortlich gemacht werden, wie z. B. den Epidermotropismus maligner Zellen, die Eosinophilie und die erhöhten Plasma IgE-Spiegel, welche bei Patienten mit kutanen T-ZellLymphomen in fortgeschrittenem Stadium gefunden werden. Untersuchungen zur Zytokinexpression und ihrer Rolle bei kutanen Lymphomen können die Basis für neue Therapieansätze durch Intervention in das Zytokinnetzwerk bilden.

Abstract

Due to their essential role as mediators of the immune system, cytokines play a major role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lymphomas. Their impact results from autocrine, paracrine and endogene effects. In numerous investigations, the overexpression of several cytokines has been demonstrated in different entities of cutaneous lymphomas. Stage dependent shifts of the cytokine profile have been observed, e. g. in mycosis fungoides. There are several lines of evidence that a disturbed cytokine expression may be responsible for tumor progression in cutaneous lymphomas. This results from the stimulation of malignant cell proliferation and/or the suppression of an adequate anti-tumor immune response. Moreover, cytokines seem to be responsible for some immuno-phenomena such a epidermotropism of malignant cells, eosinophilia and enhanced IgE-plasma levels, which are typical in patients with advanced cutaneous T cell lymphomas. Investigations of cytokine expression and their role in cutaneous lymphomas may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies by intervention within the cytokine network.

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