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Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2006; 8(1): 143-154
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872815
Research Paper

Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart KG · New York

Developmental Anatomy and Morphology of the Ovule and Seed of Heliconia (Heliconiaceae, Zingiberales)

D. G. Simão1 , 2 , V. L. Scatena1 , F. Bouman3
  • 1Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal 199, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
  • 2Present address: Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Caixa Postal 593, 38400-092 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
  • 3Hugo de Vries Laboratory, IBED, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Further Information

Publication History

Received: April 28, 2005

Accepted: August 1, 2005

Publication Date:
22 December 2005 (online)

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Abstract

The developmental anatomy and morphology of the ovule and seed in several species of Heliconia were investigated as part of an embryological study of the Heliconiaceae and to provide a better understanding of their relationships with the other families of the Zingiberales. Heliconia species have an ovule primordium with an outer integument of both dermal and subdermal origin. The archesporial cell is divided into a megasporocyte and a single parietal cell, which in turn are divided only anticlinally to form a single parietal layer, disintegrating later during gametogenesis. The embryo sac was fully developed prior to anthesis. In the developing seed, the endosperm was nuclear, with wall formation in the globular stage; a nucellar pad was observed during embryo development, but later became compressed. The ripe fruit contained seeds enveloped by a lignified endocarp that formed the pyrenes, with each pyrene having an operculum at the basal end; the embryo was considered to be differentiated. Most of these characteristics are shared with other Zingiberales, although the derivation of the operculum from the funicle and the formation of the main mechanical layer by the endocarp are unique to the Heliconiaceae.

Key words

Embryo - Heliconia - megagametogenesis - megasporogenesis - pyrene - Zingiberales

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D. G. Simão

Instituto de Biologia
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

Caixa Postal 593

38400-092 Uberlândia, MG

Brazil

Email: dgsimao@gmail.com

Editor: S. Renner

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