Zusammenfassung
Der biochirurgische Einsatz von Maden eignet sich zur Therapie von infizierten und
nekrotischen, akuten sowie chronischen Wunden. Bei dieser Behandlungsform werden ein
rasches Wunddebridement und eine antimikrobielle Wirkung erzielt sowie die Bildung
von Granulationsgewebe und Epithel stimuliert. Unsere Erfahrungen zeigen, dass die
Biotherapie in der Gynäkologie erfolgreich eingesetzt werden kann. Insbesondere an
Lokalisationen, wo die Versorgung mit Hydrokolloidverbänden problematisch ist, kann
die Applikation eines madengefüllten Nylonsäckchens (Biobag) versucht werden. Auch
ist die Anwendung der Biochirurgie an vorbestrahltem Gewebe und während Chemotherapie
möglich. Gerade bei Wundinfektionen mit Streptokokken und Staphylokokken verspricht
die Biomadentherapie einen guten Erfolg. Die Akzeptanz der Patienten ist nach entsprechender
Aufklärung sehr groß. Die beobachtete, äußerst rasche Wundheilung unter Einfluss der
Maden soll dazu anregen, bei entsprechender Indikation einen biochirurgischen Therapieversuch
zu wagen.
Abstract
Ancient societies recognised beneficial effects of certain fly larvae on wound healing.
Nowadays, biosurgery with living maggots has proven very useful in the therapy of
infected, necrotic, acute and chronic wounds. The larvae cause a rapid and selective
wound debridement, a disinfective effect and rapid formation of granulation tissue
and epithelium. In our hospital, we gathered experience in wounds caused by gynecological
surgery. Here, maggot therapy has been used locations - e. g. perineal - which are
difficult to provide with hydrocolloid wound dressings. Maggots can clear wounds of
staphylococci and streptococci populations, are successful in wounds caused by radiation
therapy and can be used after chemotherapy. Patient acceptance is very high and psychological
stress has been rare. Maggot therapy is a cheap, safe and highly effective treatment
of wounds. Therefore, we want to encourage the use of biosurgery in suitable wounds.
Schlüsselwörter
Biochirurgie - Madentherapie - Vulvektomie - chronische Wunde
Key words
biosurgery - maggot therapy - vulvectomy - chronical wound
Literatur
- 1
Baer W S.
The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with the maggot (larva of the blowfly).
J Bone Jt Surg.
1931;
13
438
- 2
Barnard D R.
Skeletal-muscular mechanisms of the larva of Lucilia sericata in relation to feeding
habit.
Pan-Pac Entomol.
1977;
53
223-229
- 3
Bonn D.
Maggot therapy: an alternative of wound infection.
Lancet.
2000;
356
1174
- 4
Brookes V J.
Partial purification of a proteolytic enzyme from an insect Phormia regina.
Biochem Biophysics Acta.
1961;
46
13-21
- 5
Buchman J, Blair J E.
Maggots and their use in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
Surg Gynecol Obstet.
1932;
55
177-190
- 6
Casu R E, Pearson R D, Jarmey J M, Cadogan L C, Riding G A, Tellam R L.
Excretory/secretory chymotrypsin from Lucilia cuprina: purification, enzymatic specifity
and amino acid sequence deduced from mRNA.
Insect Mol Biol.
1994;
3
201-211
- 7
Courtenay M, Church J, Ryan T.
Larva therapy in wound management.
J Roy Soc Med.
2000;
93
72-74
- 8
Dissemond J, Koppermann M, Esser T, Schultewolter T, Goos M, Wagner S N.
Therapie eines Methicillin-resistenten Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) im Rahmen einer
Behandlung eines chronischen Ulkus mittels Biochirurgie.
Hautarzt.
2002;
53
608-612
- 9
Dunbar G K.
Notes on the Ngemba tribe of the Central Darling river of Western New South Wales.
Mankind.
1944;
3
177-180
- 10
Erdmann G, Khali S.
Isolation and identification of two antibacterial agents produced by a strain of Proteus
mirabilis isolated from larvae of the screwworm.
J Med Entomol.
1986;
23
208-211
- 11
Fleischmann W, Russ M, Moch D, Marquardt C.
Biochiurgie - sind Fliegenmaden die besseren Chirurgen?.
Chirurg.
1999;
70
1340-1346
- 12
Fraser A, Ring R A, Stewart R K.
Intestinal proteinases in an insect, Calliphora vomitoria.
Nature.
1961;
4806
999-1000
- 13
Grassberger M, Fleischmann W.
The Biobag - A new device for the application of medical maggots.
Dermatology.
2002;
204
306
- 14
Messer F C, Mc Clellan R.
Surgical maggots. A study of their functions in wound healing.
J Lab Clin Med.
1935;
20
1219-1226
- 15
Murdoch F F, Smart T L.
A method of producing sterile blowfly larvae for surgical use.
US Naval Med Bull.
1931;
29
406
- 16
Prete P E.
Growth effects of phaenicia sericata larval extracts on fibroblasts: mechanisms for
wound healing by maggot therapy.
Life Sciences.
1997;
60
505-510
- 17 Probst W, Vasel-Biergans A. Wundmanagement. 1. Aufl. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft,
Stuttgart 2004; 238-244
- 18
Robinson W.
Ammonium bicarbonate secreted by surgical maggots stimulates healing in purulent wounds.
Am J Surg.
1940;
47
111-115
- 19
Robinson W.
The healing properties of allantoin and urea discovered through the use of maggots
in human wounds.
Annu Rep Smithson Inst.
1937;
451-461
- 20
Sherman R A, Hall J R, Thomas S.
Medicinal maggots: an ancient remedy for some contemporary afflictions.
Annu Rev Entomol.
2000;
45
55-81
- 21
Sherman R A, Shimoda K J.
Presurgical maggot debridement of soft tissue wounds is associated with decreased
rates of postoperative infection.
Clin Infect Dis.
2004;
39
1067-1070
- 22
Sherman R A, Wyle F A, Thrupp L.
Effects of seven antibiotics on the growth and development of Phaenicia sericata (Diptera:
Calliphoridae) larvae.
J Med Entomol.
1995;
32
646-649
- 23
Sherman R A.
Maggot therapy in modern medicine.
Infect Med.
1998;
15
651-656
- 24
Steenvoorde P, Budding T, Oskam J.
Determining pain levels in patients treated with maggot debridement therapy.
J Wound Care.
2005;
14
485-488
- 25
Steenvoorde P, Jukema G N.
The antimicrobial activity of maggots: in-vivo results.
J Tissue Viability.
2004;
14
97-101
- 26
Thomas S, Andrews A M, Nigel P. et al .
The antimicrobial activity of maggot secretion: a result of preliminary study.
J Tiss Viab.
1999;
9
127-132
- 27
Weil G C, Simon R J, Sweadner W R.
A biological, bacteriological and clinical study of larval and maggot therapy in the
treatment of acute and chronic pyogenic infections.
Am J Surg.
1933;
19
36-48
- 28
Wollina U, Liebhold K, Schmidt W -D, et a l..
Biosurgery supports granulation and debridement in chronic wounds - clinical data
and remittance spectoscopy measurement.
Internat J Dermatol.
2002;
41
635-639
Dr. med. D. Brüggmann
Zentrum für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe · Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg
GmbH, Standort Gießen
Klinikstraße 32
35392 Gießen
Germany
Phone: +49/6 41/9 94 52 00
Fax: +49/6 41/9 94 52 29
Email: doerthe.brueggmann@gyn.med.uni-giessen.de