Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-957198
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Therapie der pulmonal arteriellen Hypertonie: Endothelin-Rezeptor-Antagonisten
Treatment of pulmonary hypertension: endothelin-receptor antagonistsPublication History
eingereicht: 3.4.2006
akzeptiert: 20.7.2006
Publication Date:
30 November 2006 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) hat eine pathophysiologische und prognostische Bedeutung bei der pulmonal arteriellen Hypertonie (PAH). Der Endothelin-Rezeptor-Antagonist Bosentan spielt derzeit eine zentrale Rolle in der Therapie der PAH. Es verbessert die Belastungskapazität, die Hämodynamik, den klinischen Zustand und die rechtsventrikuläre Funktion. Die Überlebensraten im Bereich von 2 - 3 Jahren sind vielversprechend. Bei etwa 10 % der Patienten kommt es unter Bosentan zum Transaminasen-Anstieg, der nach Dosisreduktion bzw. Absetzen der Medikation reversibel ist. Dennoch sind bei allen Patienten unter Bosentan 4-wöchige Transaminasen-Kontrollen erforderlich. Bosentan wird heute in fast allen Leitlinien neben Sildenafil oder Prostazyklin-Analoga als gleichberechtigte First-line-Therapie in der funktionellen NYHA-Klasse III und eingeschränkt auch in der funktionellen Klasse IV der PAH aufgeführt.
Summary
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is of significance in the pathophysiology and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Bosentan, an endothelin-receptor antagonist, currently plays a central role in the treatment of PHT, because it improves exercise capacity, hemodynamics, clinical symptoms and right ventricular function, achieving a survival duration of 2- 3 years. Bosentan causes an increase of transaminases in about 10% of patients, but this effect is reversible on dosage reduction or discontinuing the medication. However, transaminases should be measured every 4 weeks while patients are on bosentan. Almost all current guidelines list bosentan as of equal value to sildenafil or prostacyclin analogues in the first-line treatment of patients in NYHA functional class III and also, with narrower indications, of those in class IV.
Literatur
- 1 Barst R J, Ivy D, Dingemanse J. et al . Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of bosentan in pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003; 73 372-382
- 2 Barst R J, Langleben D, Badesch D. Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension with the selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist sitaxsentan. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47 2049-2056
- 3 Channick R N, Simonneau G, Sitbon O. et al . Effects of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet. 2001; 358 1119-1123
- 4 Fattinger K, Funk C, Pantze M. et al . The endothelin antagonist bosentan inhibits the canalicular bile salt export pump: a potential mechanism for heaptic adverse reactions. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001; 69 223-231
- 5 Galié N. et al . Eur J Clin Invest. 1996; 26 A48
- 6 Galie N, Badesch D, Oudiz R. Ambrisentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005; 46 529-535
- 7 Galie N, Beghetti M, Gatzoulis M A. Bosentan therapy in patients with eisenmenger syndrome: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Circulation. 2006; 114 48-54
- 8 Galie N, Hinderliter A L, Torbicki A. et al . Effects of the oral endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan on echocardiographic and doppler measures in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003; 41 1380-1386
- 9 Hoeper M M, Halank M, Marx C. et al . Bosentan therapy for portopulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2005; 25 502-508
- 10 McLaughlin V V, Sitbon O, Badesch D B. et al . Survival with first-line bosentan in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2005; 25 244-249
- 11 Murphey L M, Hood E H. Bosentan and warfarin interaction. Ann Pharmacother. 2003; 37 1028-1031
- 12 Paul G A, Gibbs J S, Boobis A R, Abbas A, Wilkins M R. Bosentan decreases the plasma concentration of sildenafil when coprescribed in pulmonary hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005; 60 107-112
- 13 Rubens C, Ewert R, Halank M. et al . Big endothelin-1 and endothelin-1 plasma levels are correlated with the severity of primary pulmonary hypertension. Chest. 2001; 120 1562-1569
- 14 Rubin L J, Badesch D B, Barst R J. et al . Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346 896-903
- 15 Segal E S, Valette C, Oster L. et al . Risk management strategies in the postmarketing period: safety experience with the US and European bosentan surveillance programmes. Drug Saf. 2005; 28 971-980
- 16 Sitbon O, Gressin V, Speich R . et al . Bosentan for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004; 170 1212-1217
- 17 Sitbon O, McLaughlin V V, Badesch D B. et al . Survival in patients with class III idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension treated with first line oral bosentan compared with an historical cohort of patients started on intravenous epoprostenol. Thorax. 2005; 60 1025-1030
- 18 Weber C, Banken L, Birnboeck H, Schulz R. Effect of the endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin. J Clin Pharmacol. 1999; 39 847-854
Prof. Dr. med. Marius M. Hoeper
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Abteilung Pneumologie
30623 Hannover
Email: hoeper.marius@mh-hannover.de