Zusammenfassung
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) hat eine pathophysiologische und prognostische Bedeutung bei der pulmonal arteriellen Hypertonie (PAH). Der Endothelin-Rezeptor-Antagonist Bosentan spielt derzeit eine zentrale Rolle in der Therapie der PAH. Es verbessert die Belastungskapazität, die Hämodynamik, den klinischen Zustand und die rechtsventrikuläre Funktion. Die Überlebensraten im Bereich von 2 - 3 Jahren sind vielversprechend. Bei etwa 10 % der Patienten kommt es unter Bosentan zum Transaminasen-Anstieg, der nach Dosisreduktion bzw. Absetzen der Medikation reversibel ist. Dennoch sind bei allen Patienten unter Bosentan 4-wöchige Transaminasen-Kontrollen erforderlich. Bosentan wird heute in fast allen Leitlinien neben Sildenafil oder Prostazyklin-Analoga als gleichberechtigte First-line-Therapie in der funktionellen NYHA-Klasse III und eingeschränkt auch in der funktionellen Klasse IV der PAH aufgeführt.
Summary
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is of significance in the pathophysiology and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Bosentan, an endothelin-receptor antagonist, currently plays a central role in the treatment of PHT, because it improves exercise capacity, hemodynamics, clinical symptoms and right ventricular function, achieving a survival duration of 2- 3 years. Bosentan causes an increase of transaminases in about 10% of patients, but this effect is reversible on dosage reduction or discontinuing the medication. However, transaminases should be measured every 4 weeks while patients are on bosentan. Almost all current guidelines list bosentan as of equal value to sildenafil or prostacyclin analogues in the first-line treatment of patients in NYHA functional class III and also, with narrower indications, of those in class IV.
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Prof. Dr. med. Marius M. Hoeper
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Abteilung Pneumologie
30623 Hannover
Email: hoeper.marius@mh-hannover.de