Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Ziel der Studie war, die veränderten mikrovaskulären Eigenschaften von Hirntumoren mit der Perfusionssonografie (Perfusion Harmonic Imaging, PHI) im Vergleich zur etablierten Perfusions-MRI (pMRI) zu beurteilen. Material und Methoden: Fünfundzwanzig Patienten mit Hirntumoren wurden mit transtemporaler PHI und 14 dieser Patienten zusätzlich mit pMRI untersucht. Anhand beider Methoden wurden Zeitintensitätskurven von Tumor und Hirngewebe errechnet (Regions of interest, ROI) und die nachstehenden Parameter zwischen diesen beiden Regions of Interest und zwischen den beiden Methoden verglichen: Zeit bis zur Maximalintensität (TTP [s]), die Ratio der Maximalintensität (PI-Ratio), die Ratio der Anstiegssteilheit (PG-Ratio) und die Ratio der Fläche unter der Kurve (AUC-Ratio) jeweils von Tumor/Hirngewebe. Als Signifikanzniveau wurde p < 0,05 gewählt. Ergebnisse: Vier von 25 Patienten wurde wegen eines unzureichenden Knochenfensters oder ungünstiger Tumorlokalisation ausgeschlossen. Im nativen B-mode zeigte sich bei 86 % der Patienten eine fokale abnorme Echogenität. Die Kontrastmittelgabe führte bei allen Patienten zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der Echogenität mit hierzu korrespondierenden Zeitintensitätskurven. Sowohl PHI als auch pMRI zeigten signifikante Unterschiede der PI, der PG und der AUC im Vergleich von Tumor und Hirngewebe (PHI: p < 0,001 / < 0,001 / < 0,001; pMRI: p < 0,05 / < 0,05 < 0,001); während sich für die TTP kein Unterschied ergab. Der Vergleich von PHI- und pMRI-Daten zeigte keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen beiden Methoden für drei der vier untersuchten Parameterratios. Schlussfolgerung: PHI ist eine neue, vielversprechende Methode zur Beurteilung mikrovaskulärer Charakteristika und der pathologisch veränderten Perfusion von Hirntumoren, die sich in dieser Untersuchung der pMRI in Grenzen vergleichbar zeigte. In weiteren Studien sollte die klinische Einsetzbarkeit der PHI insbesondere bei Therapiestudien getestet werden.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of perfusion harmonic imaging (pHI) for assessing microvascular characteristics of brain tumors and to compare this ultrasound technique to perfusion MRI (pMRI). Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients with brain tumors underwent transtemporal pHI and fourteen of these patients underwent additional pMRI. Time-intensity curves of two different regions of interest (ROIs; (1) enhancing tumor; (2) healthy brain) were calculated off-line, and the following parameters were compared between the two ROIs and the two methodologies: time-to-peak intensity (TTP [sec]), the ratios of the peak intensities (PI ratio), the ratios of the positive slope gradient (PG ratio) and the ratios of the area under the curve (AUC ratio). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Four of 25 patients were excluded due to bone window insufficiency or unfavorable tumor location. Focal abnormal echogenicity was detected in native B-mode in 86 % of the patients. Contrast agent administration led to remarkable echo enhancement in the tumor in all patients with corresponding time-intensity curves. Both pHI and pMRI showed significant differences with respect to the mean PI, PG and AUC (pHI: p < 0.001 / < 0.001 / < 0.001; pMRI: p < 0.05 / < 0.05 / < 0.001) when comparing tumor to healthy brain. The TTP was not significantly different in tumor and brain tissue. Comparison of pHI and pMRI data did not show any significant differences for three of four parameter ratios between both methodologies. Conclusion: PHI provides a new technique for assessing microvascular characteristics of brain tumors reflecting their abnormal perfusion. Overall comparison of this methodology to pMRI demonstrated encouraging results. Further studies should address the clinical potential of pHI especially in view of microvascular response to anti-angiogenic treatment.
Key words
brain tumor - contrast media - perfusion imaging - transcranial sonography - microcirculation
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Judith U. Harrer
Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital
Pauwelsstr 30
52080 Aachen
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eMail: judith.harrer@web.de