Facts and Fiction about Sulfur Metabolism in Relation to Plant-Pathogen Interactions

E. Bloem; S. Haneklaus; I. Salac; P. Wickenhäuser; E. Schnug

doi:10.1055/s-2007-965420

Plant Biology, Table of Contents

Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2007; 9(5): 596-607
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965420

Review Article

Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart KG · New York

Facts and Fiction about Sulfur Metabolism in Relation to Plant-Pathogen Interactions

E. Bloem¹ , S. Haneklaus¹ , I. Salac¹ , P. Wickenhäuser¹ , E. Schnug¹

¹Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL), Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

Abstract

Sulfur deficiency developed into a widespread nutrient disorder in the 1980s because of the drastic decrease of SO₂ emissions in western Europe after Clean Air Acts came into force. It was observed that not only the yield and quality of agricultural crops were negatively affected by sulfur deficiency but also their health status. Since the mid 1990s the physiological background of this latter phenomenon in the sulfur metabolism has been studied by different researchers. From 2001 until 2006, field trials with different varieties of oilseed rape were conducted in Germany, and also from 2001 until 2003 in Scotland, to investigate the underlying mechanisms of sulfur-induced resistance and to develop fertiliser strategies which increase the health status of crops and minimise the requirement for chemical fungicides. A comprehensive disease assessment was conducted and a range of different sulfur-containing metabolites and enzymes were analysed in relation to sulfur nutrition and fungal diseases. H₂S emissions from field-grown crops under different sulfur nutritional status were studied for the first time and a positive relationship was observed. Besides S fertilisation, fungal infection increased H₂S emissions, too. The studies deliver new insight into the complex of sulfur-induced resistance but many questions still remain open. This contribution will show different possible strategies to solve some of the open questions.

Key words

Sulfur-induced resistance (SIR) - H₂S - cysteine - glutathione - fungal pathogens.

Full Text

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E. Bloem

Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL)

Bundesallee 50

38116 Braunschweig

Germany

Email: elke.bloem@fal.de

Guest Editor: T. Rausch