Literatur
-
1
Kapikian A Z, Wyatt R G, Dolin R, Thornhill T S, Kalica A R, Chanock R M.
Visualization by immune electron microscopy of a 27-nm particle associated with acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis.
J Virol.
1972;
10
1075-1081
-
2
Gordon I, Ingraham H S, Korns R F.
Transmission of epidemic gastroenteritis to human volunteers by oral administration of fecal filtrates.
J Exp Med.
1947;
86
409-422
-
3
Reiman H A, Price A H, Hodges J H.
The cause of epidemic diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med.
1945;
59
8-9
-
4
Koch J, Schneider T, Stark K, Schreier E.
Norovirusinfektionen in Deutschland. Bundesgesundheitsblatt. Gesundheitsforschung.
Gesundheitsschutz.
2006;
49
296-309
-
5
Zingg W, Colombo C, Jucker T, Bossart W, Ruef C.
Impact of an outbreak of norovirus infection on hospital resources. Infect.
Control Hosp Epidemiol.
2005;
26
263-267
-
6
Mattner F, Sohr D, Heim A, Gastmeier P, Vennema H, Koopmans M.
Risk groups for clinical complications of norovirus infections: an outbreak investigation.
Clin Microbiol Infect.
2006;
12
69-74
-
7
Meyer E, Ebner W, Scholz R, Dettenkofer M, Daschner F D.
Nosocomial outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis and investigation of ABO histo-blood group type in infected staff and patients.
J Hosp Infect.
2004;
56
64-66
-
8
Castilho J G, Munford V, Resque H R, Fagundes-Neto U, Vinje J, Racz M L.
Genetic diversity of norovirus among children with gastroenteritis in Sao Paulo State, Brazill.
J Clin Microbiol.
2006;
44
3947-3953
-
9
Phan T G, Kuroiwa T, Kaneshi K, Ueda Y, Nakaya S, Nishimura S, Yamamoto A, Sugita K, Nishimura T, Yagyu F, Okitsu S, Muller W E, Maneekarn N, Ushijima H.
Changing distribution of norovirus genotypes and genetic analysis of recombinant GIIb among infants and children with diarrhea in Japan.
J Med Virol.
2006;
78
971-978
-
10
Hansman G S, Natori K, Shirato-Horikoshi H, Ogawa S, Oka T, Katayama K, Tanaka T, Miyoshi T, Sakae K, Kobayashi S, Shinohara M, Uchida K, Sakurai N, Shinozaki K, Okada M, Seto Y, Kamata K, Nagata N, Tanaka K, Miyamura T, Takeda N.
Genetic and antigenic diversity among noroviruses.
J Gen Virol.
2006;
87
909-919
-
11
Blanton L H, Adams S M, Beard R S, Wei G, Bulens S N, Widdowson M A, Glass R I, Monroe S S.
Molecular and epidemiologic trends of caliciviruses associated with outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in the United States, 2000 - 2004.
J Infect Dis.
2006;
193
413-421
-
12 Robert Koch-Institut .Noroviren - RKI-Ratgeber Infektionskrankheiten - Merkblätter für Ärzte. 2005 http://www. rki. de
-
13
Kaufman S S, Chatterjee N K, Fuschino M E, Morse D L, Morotti R A, Magid M S, Gondolesi G E, Florman S S, Fishbein T M.
Characteristics of human calicivirus enteritis in intestinal transplant recipients.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.
2005;
40
328-333
-
14
Lopman B A, Adak G K, Reacher M H, Brown D W.
Two epidemiologic patterns of norovirus outbreaks: surveillance in England and wales, 1992 - 2000.
Emerg Infect Dis.
2003;
9
71-77
-
15
Norovirus outbreak among evacuees from hurricane Katrina-Houston, Texas, September 2005.
MMWR.
2005;
54
1016-1018
-
16
Schmid D, Lederer I, Much P, Pichler A M, Allerberger F.
Outbreak of norovirus infection associated with contaminated flood water, Salzburg, 2005.
Euro Surveill.
2005;
10
E050616
-
17
Maurer A M, Sturchler D.
A waterborne outbreak of small round structured virus, campylobacter and shigella co-infections in La Neuveville, Switzerland, 1998.
Epidemiol Infect.
2000;
125
325-332
-
18
Evans M R, Meldrum R, Lane W, Gardner D, Ribeiro C D, Gallimore C I, Westmoreland D.
An outbreak of viral gastroenteritis following environmental contamination at a concert hall.
Epidemiol Infect.
2002;
129
355-360
-
19
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreak of acute gastroenteritis associated with Norwalk-like viruses among British military personnel-Afghanistan, May 2002.
JAMA.
2002;
287
3203-3204
-
20
Ito S, Takeshita S, Nezu A, Aihara Y, Usuku S, Noguchi Y, Yokota S.
Norovirus-associated encephalopathy.
Pediatr Infect Dis J..
2006;
25
651-652
-
21
Marionneau S, Ruvoen N, Moullac-Vaidye B, Clement M, Cailleau-Thomas A, Ruiz-Palacois G, Huang P, Jiang X, Le P endu.
Norwalk virus binds to histo-blood group antigens present on gastroduodenal epithelial cells of secretor individuals.
Gastroenterology.
2002;
122
1967-1977
-
22
Hutson A M, Atmar R L, Graham D Y, Estes M K.
Norwalk virus infection and disease is associated with ABO histo-blood group type.
J Infect Dis.
2002;
185
1335-1337
-
23
Rockx B H, Vennema H, Hoebe C J, Duizer E, Koopmans M P.
Association of histo-blood group antigens and susceptibility to norovirus infections.
J Infect Dis.
2005;
191
749-754
-
24
Huang P, Farkas T, Marionneau S, Zhong W, Ruvoen-Clouet N, Morrow A L, Altaye M, Pickering L K, Newburg D S, LePendu J, Jiang X.
Noroviruses bind to human ABO, Lewis, and secretor histo-blood group antigens: identification of 4 distinct strain-specific patterns.
J Infect Dis.
2003;
188
19-31
-
25
Gehrke C, Steinmann J, Goroncy-Bermes P.
Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate of norovirus (formerly Norwalk-like viruses), by different types of alcohol in vitro and in vivo.
J Hosp Infect.
2004;
56
49-55
-
26
Malik Y S, Maherchandani S, Goyal S M.
Comparative efficacy of ethanol and isopropanol against feline calicivirus, a norovirus surrogate.
Am J Infect Control.
2006;
34
31-35
-
27
Kampf G, Grotheer D, Steinmann J.
Efficacy of three ethanol-based hand rubs against feline calicivirus, a surrogate virus for norovirus.
J Hosp Infect.
2005;
60
144-149
-
28 Bales S, Baumann H G, Schnitzler N. Infektionsschutzgesetz, Kommentar und Vorschriftensammlung. 2. Auflage. Berlin; W. Kohlhammer Verlag 2003
Dr. med. Elisabeth Meyer
Institut für Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Breisacher Straße 115 B
79106 Freiburg
Phone: +49(0)761/270-8271
Fax: +49(0)761/270-8253
Email: elisabeth.meyer@uniklinik-freiburg.de