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Aktuelle Neurologie 2007; 34(4): 230-239
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970792
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Angehörige von Schlaganfallpatienten

The Relatives of Stroke PatientsA.  Schlote1 , 2 , M.  Richter1 , 2
  • 1Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg
  • 2Institut für Neurologisch-Neurochirurgische Rehabilitationsforschung (INNRF), Magdeburg
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Publication History

Publication Date:
09 May 2007 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Angehörige sind ein wesentlicher Faktor im Rehabilitationsprozess nach Schlaganfall. Neben der sozialen Unterstützung, die sie dem Patienten geben, ersparen sie dem Gesundheitssystem Kosten durch die informelle Pflege, die sie häufig leisten. Die Folgen des Schlaganfalls können sich stark auf das Leben der Angehörigen auswirken. Diese stehen in den verschiedenen Rehabilitationsphasen unterschiedlichen Belastungen gegenüber. Nach Entlassung des Patienten in die häusliche Umgebung müssen sie diesen häufig auch in praktischen Belangen des täglichen Lebens unterstützen. Hierdurch kann die persönliche Freizeit stark eingeschränkt werden. Je nach Beeinträchtigung des Patienten kann die familiäre Kommunikation und Interaktion gestört sein - und das Familiengefüge aus dem Gleichgewicht geraten. Diese Belastungen schlagen sich auf den emotionalen Zustand der Angehörigen, ihre Lebensqualität sowie langfristig betrachtet auch auf ihren körperlichen Gesundheitszustand nieder. Um Angehörige zu unterstützen, wird nach geeigneten Interventionen geforscht. Bislang konnten jedoch kaum überzeugende und abschließende Effektivitätsnachweise erbracht werden. Einer reinen Informationsvermittlung scheinen Edukationsprogramme sowie individuelle Beratungen und spezifische Trainings überlegen zu sein. Auch Unterstützungsansätze, die verschiedene Komponenten verbinden, scheinen geeignet, um die Belastung der Angehörigen zu lindern.

Abstract

Contributions by relatives are an important factor in the process of stroke rehabilitation. Besides giving social support, they save costs for the health system by supplying informal care. Stroke-related changes may have a great impact upon the relatives' life situations, and cause various forms of strain depending on the phase of the rehabilitation process. When the patient is discharged home, relatives must often give support in many practical aspects of daily life, thereby limiting and reducing their own leisure activities. Depending upon the patient's handicaps, communication and interaction within the family may be disturbed and the family structure dysbalanced. These burdens and strains have negative effects upon relatives' emotional state, their quality of life and their physical health. In order to give relatives better support, various intervention programs have been investigated. However, proof of their effectiveness is largely lacking. Education programs, individual advice and coaching and task-specific training seem to be superior to the mere passing on of information. Support strategies that combine various components also seem suitable to reduce relatives' strain.

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Dr. rer. nat. Andrea Schlote

Institut für Neurologisch-Neurochirurgische Rehabilitationsforschung

Klewitzstraße 7

39112 Magdeburg

Email: schlote@innrf.de