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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1079108
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Anästhesie und Bodybuilding – Risiken des Medikamentenmissbrauchs
Anesthesia and BodybuildingPublication History
Publication Date:
08 May 2008 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Der deutliche Trend zur Körpergestaltung und Körperformung in den westlichen Industriegesellschaften macht es zunehmend wahrscheinlicher, dass man als Anästhesist in die Versorgung von Bodybuildern involviert wird. Diese Patienten konsumieren recht häufig androgene anabole Steroide, Wachstumshormon oder andere Medikamente und Substanzen, die den Muskelzuwachs verbessern sollen. Kardiovaskuläre, hepatische, psychiatrische, hormonelle und infektiöse Nebenwirkungen oder Komplikationen sind häufig, werden aber selten von professionellem medizinischen Personal überwacht. Das Risiko bei der Durchführung einer Anästhesie ist nicht exakt bekannt, scheint aber von kardiovaskulären Risiken wie Myokardischämien und Arrhythmien determiniert zu sein.
Abstract:
A strong tendency toward body enhancement and body forming in western industrial societies makes it more likely for each anesthesiologist to get involved in the care of bodybuilders. These patients quite frequently consume androgenic anabolic steroids, human growth hormone and other drugs or substances which are believed to accelerate muscle gain. Cardiovascular, hepatic, psychiatric, hormonal and infectious side effects or complications are common and rarely monitored by health care professionals. The anesthesia risk is not exactly known but seems to be determined mainly by cardiovascular events like myocardial ischemia and dysrhythmias.
Schlüsselworte:
Bodybuilding - Anästhesie - Anabole Steroide - Wachstumshormon - Doping
Keywords:
bodybuilding - anesthesia - anabolic steroids - human growth hormone - doping
Kernaussagen
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Doping ist auch unter jugendlichen Bodybuildern im Freizeitbereich ein relevantes Problem.
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Kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen sind unter der Einnahme von androgenen anabolen Steroiden häufig. Auch Leber, Psyche und hormonelle Regelkreise werden beeinflusst.
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Neben der eigentlichen Dopingsubstanz werden weitere Medikamente zur Behandlung von dopinginduzierten Nebenwirkungen eingenommen.
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Ein häufig bestehendes Schlafapnoe–Syndrom und ein arterieller Hypertonus können bereits durch Anamnese und körperliche Untersuchung diagnostiziert werden.
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Auch bei scheinbar gesunden und leistungsfähigen Patienten sollte zusätzlich zum EKG eine Echokardiografie durchgeführt werden.
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Vor Durchführung einer Anästhesie sollten der Hämatokrit, Thrombozyten, Elektrolyte, Transaminasen, die cholestaseanzeigenden Enzyme, TSH und die Glukosekonzentration bestimmt werden.
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Wegen des Risikos einer vorbestehenden, steroidinduzierten Nebennierenrindeninsuffizienz sollte bei Bodybuildern auf den Einsatz von Etomidate verzichtet werden.
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Bodybuilder können allein durch die Lagerung auf dem Operationstisch Kompartmentsyndrome erleiden.
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Ergänzendes Material
- Supporting Information_Literature
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Dr. med. Frank Hokema
Dr. med. Uta–Carolin Pietsch
Prof. Dr. med. Dagmar Führer–Sakel
Prof. Dr. med. Udo Kaisers
Email: frank.hokema@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Email: uta-carolin.pietsch@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Email: dagmar.fuehrer@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Email: udo.kaisers@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
- Literaturverzeichnis