Effects of different desensitizing agents on bleaching treatments

Lam Hoi Po; Nairn Wilson

doi:10.4103/2278-9626.134829

European Journal of General Dentistry, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · European Journal of General Dentistry 2014; 3(02): 93-99
DOI: 10.4103/2278-9626.134829

Review Article

Effects of different desensitizing agents on bleaching treatments

Lam Hoi Po

Private Practitioner, Hong Kong, UK

,

Nairn Wilson

¹Department of Dentistry, King′s College London, Dental Institute, London, UK

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

als PDF herunterladen

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to bring together and summarize the available information on the effects of different desensitizing agents on bleaching treatments. Information from all scientific papers and reviews identified in the Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science and PubMed using the search terms: Bleaching, whitening, brightening or color and desensitizing, fluoride, potassium nitrate, or amorphous calcium phosphate was included in the data collected and synthesized to produce the summary of findings and recommendations. The use of desensitizing agents in bleaching treatments may limit or control sensitivity, promote remineralization, increase enamel microhardness, and enhance the efficacy of the bleaching treatment. The use of desensitizing agents may exert a positive influence on the outcome of bleaching treatments.

Keywords

Bleaching treatments - desensitizing agents - enamel microhardness - remineralization - sensitivity

PDF (638 kb)

Referenzen

References
1 Matis BA, Wang Y, Eckert GJ, Cochran MA, Jiang T. Extended bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: A 5-year study. Oper Dent 2006;31:643-51.
2 Mokhlis GR, Matis BA, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. A clinical evaluation of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide whitening agents during daytime use. J Am Dent Assoc 2000;131:1269-77.
3 Al-Musa H. Clinical evaluation of bleaching agents of different concentrations. Smile Dent J 2008;3:24-7.
4 Shannon H, Spencer P, Gross K, Tira D. Characterization of enamel exposed to 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agents. Quintessence Int 1993;24:39-44.
5 McCracken MS, Haywood VB. Demineralization effects of 10 percent carbamide peroxide. J Dent 1996;24:395-8.
6 van der Reijden WA, Buijs MJ, Damen JJ, Veerman EC, ten Cate JM, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Influence of polymers for use in saliva substitutes on de- and remineralization of enamel in vitro. Caries Res 1997;31:216-23.
7 Haywood VB, Leech T, Heymann HO, Crumpler D, Bruggers K. Nightguard vital bleaching: Effects on enamel surface texture and diffusion. Quintessence Int 1990;21:801-4.
8 Yap AU, Wattanapayungkul P. Effects of in-office tooth whiteners on hardness of tooth-colored restoratives. Oper Dent 2002;27:137-41.
9 Tam L. Effect of potassium nitrate and fluoride on carbamide peroxide bleaching. Quintessence Int 2001;32:766-70.
10 Browning WD, Chan DC, Myers ML, Brackett WW, Brackett MG, Pashley DH. Comparison of traditional and low sensitivity whiteners. Oper Dent 2008;33:379-85.
11 Haywood VB, Caughman WF, Frazier KB, Myers ML. Tray delivery of potassium nitrate-fluoride to reduce bleaching sensitivity. Quintessence Int 2001;32:105-9.
12 Kose C, Reis A, Baratieri LN, Loguercio AD. Clinical effects of at-home bleaching along with desensitizing agent application. Am J Dent 2011;24:379-82.
13 Browning WD, Chan DC, Frazier KB, Callan RS, Blalock JS. Safety and efficacy of a nightguard bleaching agent containing sodium fluoride and potassium nitrate. Quintessence Int 2004;35:693-8.
14 Munoz CA, Dunn JR, Sy-Munoz J, Li Y, Kim J. Clinical evaluation of a combined in-office and at-home applied bleaching agent. J Dent Res 1999;78:144.
15 Kishore A, Mehrotra KK, Saimbi CS. Effectiveness of desensitizing agents. J Endod 2002;28:34-5.
16 Gallo JR, Burgess JO, Ripps AH, Bell MJ, Mercante DE, Davidson JM. Evaluation of 30% carbamide peroxide at-home bleaching gels with and without potassium nitrate - A pilot study. Quintessence Int 2009;40:e1-6.
17 Basting RT, Rodrigues AL Jr, Serra MC. The effects of seven carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on enamel microhardness over time. J Am Dent Assoc 2003;134:1335-42.
18 Tay LY, Kose C, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Assessing the effect of a desensitizing agent used before in-office tooth bleaching. J Am Dent Assoc 2009;140:1245-51.
19 Cunha AG, De Vasconcelos AA, Borges BC, Vitoriano Jde O, Alves-Junior C, Machado CT, et al. Efficacy of in-office bleaching techniques combined with the application of a casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate paste at different moments and its influence on enamel surface properties. Microsc Res Tech 2012;75:1019-25.
20 Reis A, Dalanhol AP, Cunha TS, Kossatz S, Loguercio AD. Assessment of tooth sensitivity using a desensitizer before light-activated bleaching. Oper Dent 2011;36:12-7.
21 Gerlach RW, Zhou X, McClanahan SF. Comparative response of whitening strips to a low peroxide and potassium nitrate bleaching gel. Am J Dent 2002;15 Spec No:19A-23.
22 Grobler SR, Majeed A, Hayward R, Rossouw RJ, Moola MH, van W Kotze TJ. A clinical study of the effectiveness of two different 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching products: A 6-month followup. Int J Dent 2011;2011:167525.
23 Haywood VB, Cordero R, Wright K, Gendreau L, Rupp R, Kotler M, et al. Brushing with a potassium nitrate dentifrice to reduce bleaching sensitivity. J Clin Dent 2005;16:17-22.
24 Basting RT, Amaral FL, França FM, Flório FM. Clinical comparative study of the effectiveness of and tooth sensitivity to 10% and 20% carbamide peroxide home-use and 35% and 38% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching materials containing desensitizing agents. Oper Dent 2012;37:464-73.
25 Leonard RH Jr, Smith LR, Garland GE, Caplan DJ. Desensitizing agent efficacy during whitening in an at-risk population. J Esthet Restor Dent 2004;16:49-55.
26 Matis BA, Mousa HN, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. Clinical evaluation of bleaching agents of different concentrations. Quintessence Int 2000;31:303-10.
27 Miles PG, Pontier JP, Bahiraei D, Close J. The effect of carbamide peroxide bleach on the tensile bond strength of ceramic brackets: An in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994;106:371-5.
28 Ray S, Londhe S, Mitra R, Chopra SS. Are bleaching and desensitizing agents contraindication for patients seeking orthodontic treatment? Orthodontics (Chic.) 2012;13:e181-7.
29 Smith LR, Leonard RH, Eagle JC, Murdock WC, Garland GE, Caplan DJ. Efficacy of desensitizing gel in reducing tooth sensitivity during whitening. J Dent Res 2001;80:247.
30 Barros-Matoso F, de Souza-Gabriel AE, Furtado-Messias DC, de Sousa-Neto MD, Alfredo E. Microhardness of intracoronal dentin exposed to bleaching and fluoride treatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;112:e1-5.
31 Attin T, Kielbassa AM, Schwanenberg M, Hellwig E. Effect of fluoride treatment on remineralization of bleached enamel. J Oral Rehabil 1997;24:282-6.
32 Borges AB, Samezima LY, Fonseca LP, Yui KC, Borges AL, Torres CR. Influence of potentially remineralizing agents on bleached enamel microhardness. Oper Dent 2009;34:593-7.
33 Borges AB, Yui KC, D′Avila TC, Takahashi CL, Torres CR, Borges AL. Influence of remineralizing gels on bleached enamel microhardness in different time intervals. Oper Dent 2010;35:180-6.
34 da Costa JB, Mazur RF. Effects of new formulas of bleaching gel and fluoride application on enamel microhardness: An in vitro study. Oper Dent 2007;32:589-94.
35 Lewinstein I, Fuhrer N, Churaru N, Cardash H. Effect of different peroxide bleaching regimens and subsequent fluoridation on the hardness of human enamel and dentin. J Prosthet Dent 2004;92:337-42.
36 de Oliveira R, Paes Leme AF, Giannini M. Effect of a carbamide peroxide bleaching gel containing calcium or fluoride on human enamel surface microhardness. Braz Dent J 2005;16:103-6.
37 Tanizawa Y. Reaction characteristics of a tooth-bleaching agent containing H2O2 and NaF: In vitro study of crystal structure change in treated hydroxyapatite and chemical states of incorporated fluorine. J Cosmet Sci 2005;56:121-34.
38 Cavalli V, Rodrigues LK, Paes-Leme AF, Brancalion ML, Arruda MA, Berger SB, et al. Effects of bleaching agents containing fluoride and calcium on human enamel. Quintessence Int 2010;41:e157-65.
39 Leandro GA, Attia ML, Cavalli V, do Rego MA, Liporoni PC. Effects of 10% carbamide peroxide treatment and sodium fluoride therapies on human enamel surface microhardness. Gen Dent 2008;56:274-7.
40 Attin T, Kocabiyik M, Buchalla W, Hannig C, Becker K. Susceptibility of enamel surfaces to demineralization after application of fluoridated carbamide peroxide gels. Caries Res 2003;37:93-9.
41 Attin T, Betke H, Schippan F, Wiegand A. Potential of fluoridated carbamide peroxide gels to support post-bleaching enamel re-hardening. J Dent 2007;35:755-9.
42 Hellwig E, Attin T, Kielbassa AM, Schaller HG. Fluoride uptake in enamel after different tooth bleaching procedures. J Dent Res 1995;74:401-5.
43 Attin T, Dumont B, Buchalla W. Fluoride uptake in caries, eroded and sound enamel after application of a 2000 ppm fluoride solution. Br Dent J 2000;55:455-62.
44 Chen HP, Chang CH, Liu JK, Chuang SF, Yang JY. Effect of fluoride containing bleaching agents on enamel surface properties. J Dent 2008;36:718-25.
45 Paes Leme AF, Tabchoury CP, Zero DT, Cury JA. Effect of fluoridated dentifrice and acidulated phosphate fluoride application on early artificial carious lesions. Am J Dent 2003;16:91-5.
46 Burgmaier GM, Schulze IM, Attin T. Fluoride uptake and development of artificial erosions in bleached and fluoridated enamel in vitro. J Oral Rehabil 2002;29:799-804.
47 Bizhang M, Seemann R, Duve G, Römhild G, Altenburger JM, Jahn KR, et al. Demineralization effects of 2 bleaching procedures on enamel surfaces with and without post-treatment fluoride application. Oper Dent 2006;31:705-9.
48 Attin T, Albrecht K, Becker K, Hannig C, Wiegand A. Influence of carbamide peroxide on enamel fluoride uptake. J Dent 2006;34:668-75.
49 Ferreira Sda S, Araújo JL, Morhy ON, Tapety CM, Youssef MN, Sobral MA. The effect of fluoride therapies on the morphology of bleached human dental enamel. Microsc Res Tech 2011;74:512-6.
50 Martin JM, de Almeida JB, Rosa EA, Soares P, Torno V, Rached RN, et al. Effect of fluoride therapies on the surface roughness of human enamel exposed to bleaching agents. Quintessence Int 2010;41:71-8.
51 Chuang SF, Chen HP, Chang CH, Liu JK. Effect of fluoridated carbamide peroxide gels on enamel microtensile bond strength. Eur J Oral Sci 2009;117:435-41.
52 Metz MJ, Cochran MA, Matis BA, Gonzalez C, Platt JA, Pund MR. Clinical evaluation of 15% carbamide peroxide on the surface microhardness and shear bond strength of human enamel. Oper Dent 2007;32:427-36.
53 Giannini M, Silva AP, Cavalli V, Paes Leme AF. Effect of carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agents containing fluoride or calcium on tensile strength of human enamel. J Appl Oral Sci 2006;14:82-7.
54 Armênio RV, Fitarelli F, Armênio MF, Demarco FF, Reis A, Loguercio AD. The effect of fluoride gel use on bleaching sensitivity: A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:592-7.
55 Jorgensen MG, Carroll WB. Incidence of tooth sensitivity after home whitening treatment. J Am Dent Assoc 2002;133:1076-82.
56 Betke H, Kahler E, Reitz A, Hartmann G, Lennon A, Attin T. Influence of bleaching agents and desensitizing varnishes on the water content of dentin. Oper Dent 2006;31:536-42.
57 Giniger M, Spaid M, MacDonald J, Felix H. A 180-day clinical investigation of the tooth whitening efficacy of a bleaching gel with added amorphous calcium phosphate. J Clin Dent 2005;16:11-6.
58 Walsh LJ, Wang WS. Cakar A, Devani C, Tran KK, Hall A. Effect of CPP-ACP versus potassium nitrate on cervical dentinal hypersensitivity. J Dent Res 2006;85 (spec Iss A):Abstract 947.
59 Borges BC, de Vasconselos AA, Cunha AG, Pinheiro FH, Machado CT, dos Santos AJ. Preliminary clinical reports of a novel night-guard tooth bleaching technique modified by casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CCP-ACP). Eur J Esthet Dent 2011;6:446-53.
60 Grobler SR, Majeed A, Moola MH, Rossouw RJ, van Wyk Kotze T. In vivo spectrophotometric assessment of the tooth whitening effectiveness of nite white 10% with amorphous calcium phosphate, potassium nitrate and fluoride, over a 6-month period. Open Dent J 2011;5:18-23.
61 Matis BA, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ, Matis JI. In vivo study of two carbamide peroxide gels with different desensitizing agents. Oper Dent 2007;32:549-55.
62 Bayrak S, Tunc ES, Sonmez IS, Egilmez T, Ozmen B. Effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application on enamel microhardness after bleaching. Am J Dent 2009;22:393-6.
63 Tschoppe P, Neumann K, Mueller J, Kielbassa AM. Effect of fluoridated bleaching gels on the remineralization of predemineralized bovine enamel in vitro. J Dent 2009;37:156-62.
64 Giniger M, Macdonald J, Ziemba S, Felix H. The clinical performance of professionally dispensed bleaching gel with added amorphous calcium phosphate. J Am Dent Assoc 2005;136:383-92.
65 Mathew M, Takagi S. Structures of biological minerals in dental research. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2001;106:1035-44.
66 Singh RD, Ram SM, Shetty O, Chand P, Yadav R. Efficacy of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate to prevent stain absorption on freshly bleached enamel: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2010;13:76-9.
67 de Vasconcelos AA, Cunha AG, Borges BC, Machado CT, dos Santos AJ. Tooth whitening with hydrogen/carbamide peroxides in association with a CPP-ACP paste at different proportions. Aust Dent J 2012;57:213-9.
68 Manton DJ, Bhide R, Hopcraft MS, Reynolds EC. Effect of ozone and Tooth Mousse on the efficacy of peroxide bleaching. Aust Dent J 2008;53:128-32.
69 Borges BC, Borges JS, de Melo CD, Pinheiro IV, Santos AJ, Braz R, et al. Efficacy of a novel at-home bleaching technique with carbamide peroxides modified by CPP-ACP and its effect on the microhardness of bleached enamel. Oper Dent 2011;36:521-8.
70 Khoroushi M, Mazaheri H, Manoochehri A. Effect of CPP-ACP application on flexural strength of bleached enamel and dentin complex. Oper Dent 2011;36:372-9.
71 Ziebolz D, Hannig C, Attin T. Influence of a desensitizing agent on efficacy of a paint-on bleaching agent. Am J Dent 2008;21:77-82.
72 Hannig C, Weinhold HC, Becker K, Attin T. Diffusion of peroxides through dentine in vitro with and without prior use of a desensitizing varnish. Clin Oral Investig 2011;15:863-8.
73 da Costa Soares MU, Araújo NC, Borges BC, Sales Wda S, Sobral AP. Impact of remineralizing agents on enamel microhardness recovery after in-office tooth bleaching therapies. Acta Odontol Scand 2013;71:343-8.
74 Gjorgievska E, Nicholson JW. Prevention of enamel demineralization after tooth bleaching by bioactive glass incorporated into toothpaste. Aust Dent J 2011;56:193-200.
75 de Oliveira R, Basting RT, Rodrigues JA, Rodrigues AL Jr, Serra MC. Effects of a carbamide peroxide agent and desensitizing dentifrices on enamel microhardness. Am J Dent 2003;16:42-6.