Lungenresektion nach definitiver und neoadjuvanter Radiochemotherapie im Stadium IIIA/B des lokal fortgeschrittenen nicht kleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms: eine retrospektive Analyse

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Der prognostische Stellenwert von „Salvage“-Resektionen nach definitiver Radiochemotherapie im Vergleich zur kurativen Lungenresektion nach Induktionstherapie bei lokal fortgeschrittenem nicht kleinzelligem Lungenkarzinom im Stadium IIIA/B wurde bislang nur selten untersucht. Ziel unserer retrospektiven Datenanalyse war, die perioperativen Ergebnisse, das postoperative und rezidivfreie Überleben nach beiden Verfahren zu vergleichen und mögliche relevante Prognosefaktoren zu identifizieren.

Patienten und Methoden Im Zeitraum von Juni 2008 bis Mai 2017 wurden 43 Patienten mit Resektion nach Induktionstherapie (Gruppe 1) und 14 nach definitiver Radiochemotherapie (Gruppe 2) identifiziert. Die retrospektive Datenanalyse erfasste demografische Faktoren, Tumorstadium und Lokalisation, das initiale Therapieregime, die präoperative Regression, die perioperative Mortalität und Letalität, das postoperative und rezidivfreie Überleben.

Ergebnisse In Gruppe 2 wurde eine signifikant höhere Gesamtstrahlendosis appliziert (p = 0,00) und ein signifikant längeres Zeitintervall zwischen der Radiochemotherapie und Lungenresektion (p = 0,02) festgestellt. Zusätzlich wurde ein signifikant höherer perioperativer Blutverlust und häufigere Bluttransfusionen beobachtet (p = 0,003 bzw. p = 0,005). Die perioperative Morbidität und Letalität waren nach beiden Verfahren statistisch vergleichbar (p = 0,72 bzw. 0,395). Das 5-Jahres-Überleben postoperativ betrug in Gruppe 1 55% bzw. Gruppe 2 48% (log-rank p = 0,353). Das rezidivfreie Überleben nach 5 Jahren war in Gruppe 1 53% bzw. in Gruppe 2 42% (log-rank p = 0,180). In Gruppe 2 trat häufiger diffuse Metastasierung auf, während in Gruppe 1 Oligometastasierung beobachtet wurde.

Schlussfolgerung Die Prognose nach Salvage-Resektion erscheint vergleichbar mit den Ergebnissen der kurativen Resektion nach Induktionstherapie. Diffuse Fernmetastasierung wird häufig beobachtet. Eine strenge Patientenselektion ist erforderlich.

Abstract

Background The outcomes of so called “salvage” resections after definitive chemoradiation vs. curative resections after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (IT-resection) in patients with stage IIIA/B locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer have rarely been compared. The aim of our study was to compare perioperative results, postoperative and recurrence-free survival and to identify relevant prognostic survival factors for both therapy strategies.

Patients and Methods Between June 2008 and May 2017, 43 patients underwent pulmonary resection following induction therapy (group 1) and 14 patients underwent salvage resection after definitive chemoradiation (group 2). Retrospective analysis was performed of demographic factors, tumour stage and location, initial therapy, preoperative regression status, perioperative morbidity and mortality, postoperative and recurrence-free survival.

Results In group 2, significantly higher radiation dose was applied (p < 0.001) and the interval between chemoradiation and lung resection was significantly longer (p = 0.02). In addition, significantly higher perioperative blood loss and more frequent blood transfusions were noted (p = 0.003 and 0.005, respectively). Perioperative morbidity and mortality were statistically comparable in the two groups (p = 0.72 and 0.395, respectively). Postoperative 5 year survival in group 1 was 55%, in group 2 48% (log-rank p = 0.353). Five year recurrence-free survival in group 1 was 53%, in group 2 42% (log-rank p = 0.180). Diffuse metastasis occurred mostly in group 2, whereas in group 1 oligometastasis was more frequently noted.

Conclusion Postoperative outcome after salvage resection seems statistically comparable to results following curative resection after induction therapy. Diffuse distant metastasis is frequently noted. Careful patient selection is required.

Schlüsselwörter

lokal fortgeschrittenes nicht kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom - Stadium III - Radiochemotherapie - Salvage-Lungenresektion

Key words

locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer - Stage III - chemoradiation therapy - salvage lung surgery

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